"Bulava" (tākirirangi) āhuatanga. Intercontinental pere ballistic "Bulava"

"Mace" - ko tetahi o nga whanaketanga hōu o te tākirirangi kāinga. whakamatautauria Tonu mo tenei taonga. rahua etahi o ratou, i meinga he rota o te faaino i te tohunga. Ko reira haumaru ki te mea e te "Bulava" - he tākirirangi, e he pono ahurei āhuatanga, a rite te mea e ako koe i roto i tenei tuhinga. Ko reira utu aufauraa i te whakarongo ki te meka e te totoka-wahie ballistic pere ki hangaia hāngai submarines karihi ( "mango" momo).

History o hanga

"Bulava" faaoti i manakohia o te whanaketanga o te pere ballistic i roto i 1998. I taua wa, ko te pou o te Russian Federation Navy Vladimir Kuroyedov, e whakawhanakehia te taputapu o "kiri" whakaaro rautaki. I rite te matatini e% 70 anake, a kua tutuki ona whakamātautau. I muri i taua, faaoti te Russian Federation Kaunihera ki te whakawhiti i te whanaketanga o te hōu fakavaha'akonitinēnití pere ballistic Institute tāone o Hangarau Thermal, ahakoa te meka e he tino ngaro i te wheako o te hanga taua patu te whakamutunga. I roto i te Pipiri 2009, whakahaere reira ona whakamātautau tuatahi "Bulava" pere, i whakamatauria angitu. I muri i taua, i whakaritea e te reira ki te whakarewa i hanga rangatū o te wahi tino pakeke me hahi. Na, i te mutunga o 2012, ka mea a Anatoly Serdyukov e tomo te missiles raraunga ratonga ope Russian i roto i Oketopa 2012. Ka rite ki o Hānuere 2014, i hanga ai e pā ana ki 46 ngā tākirirangi, e pā ana ki 14 o i i whakarewahia i roto i te whakamātautau.

mau tamataraa haere tonu

Ki te rā, kawea te tikanga i roto i 20 whakamātautau, i angitu 55 anake%. kawea te whakarewatanga tuatahi o te pere "Bulava" (taimaha me te tahora rahi) i roto i Mahuru 23, 2004. Ko te tuarua, e taea te huaina te pono tuatahi, i hanga i Mahuru 25, 2005. Na ka kua pai te tutuki pere fakavaha'akonitinēnití "Bulava" tona whāinga a patua ana e ia. Te whakarewanga tuatoru i te tūranga ngaro ki te waka ruku karihi "Dmitry Donskoy" i kawea i roto i roto i Oketopa 2005. Target i runga i te whakamātautau ngā Kura i runga i te Kamchatka Peninsula, pai patua. Ētahi atu o te whakamātautau e whai ake kua huakore. kihai te pūkaha whakamutunga atamira tākirirangi wai, hēhē reira i te akoranga, ka hinga, tika banal whaiaro-destructed. Ko te rongo pai anake, ko e te whakatau e tika ana, me te whakarerekētia etahi wāhanga kua hanga i roto i te akoranga o te mau tamataraa tutuki. Ka rite ki te hua, 9 o nga whakamātautau 10 whakamutunga kua angitu, ka ko reira he hua tino pai. Na kia titiro a ki tetahi atu wāhi ngā.

Ko te pere "Bulava": Āhuatanga

Tenei matatini whakamanamana nga āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

• Pūtoro - 8000 kiromita.
• Taumaha (timata) - 36.8 taranata.
• Maka (resettable) taimaha - 1150 Ng.
• Length / te diameter o te tīni whakarewatanga - 12.1 / 2.1 mita.
• Ko te diameter o te atamira tuatahi - 2.0 mita.

Ko te pere "Bulava", te āhuatanga o e kua tika koe ako, e toru ngā wāhanga. E rua totoka-hanga i mua, me te whakamutunga - wai. Ko te tuatahi te taimaha pūkaha atamira e pā ana ki 18.5 taranata ki te roa o 3.6 mita. I te wāhanga tuarua o te raraunga kihai i i whakakitea ki te rā. I mua i te timatanga o 2014 kore reira i mohiotia pehea ki te mahi i te toru o te atamira. I teie mahana, ka maia tatou ki ai ko reira wai. Ko te tika tenei i roto i te tikanga ki te whakarite ahanoa pōhēhē a mōrahi i roto i te wāhanga whakamutunga o te rere. Tenei pere i roto i tona hanganga e taea te kawe e pā ana ki 10 wae karihi, ia o nei te mea controllable. Ko reira tata katoa te raraunga, e kua mohiotia ki te rā.

huringa Tata i roto i te matatini

I ako te reira i e i roto i te matatini, ka waiho i te pūnaha motuhake ki te hinga pere korero. Otiia e te mea kahore i hoki ano faataa te pūnaha. Pea ka waiho he ūnga teka, he paninga motuhake e hanga te wae e kitea ki te hihiani ranei. Tenei raraunga runga-ngaro e kore e mahue te. Wehe, me mea te kupu torutoru e te pere "Bulava", te āhuatanga o e ta tatou i aparau, kua ahua hou i roto i te tau torutoru whakamutunga o te whanaketanga. I roto i ngā, puta ke te parau tumu i hua wae karihi. Ki te mua wae tākirirangi putanga i runga i te ūnga, ka tautuhi anō (marara) ratou, i teie nei te whakamahi i te parau tumu o "paihere o karepe", ranei "pahi kura" - US kupu. Mai te "Topol-M" me "Bulava" whakawhanakehia i runga i te pūtake taua (Moscow Institute o Technology Thermal), ka ko tino nui te tika o te matatini tuatahi, ka taea e tatou te mea he nui te māia ki te tōtika tiketike o te pere ballistic fakavaha'akonitinēnití "Bulava". Ko, mai i reira he putanga rerekē - "Bulava-30", "Bulava-M", he uaua ki te mea tetahi e pā ana ki te tika, me te tahi atu āhuatanga o te matatini kotahi.

Ko te tere o "Bulava" pere

pere ballistic tata katoa te wa he whakatoi tona rere. Kei te hikohiko onboard te hōtaka e whakatau te tere me he tonu poroāwhio o te rere i roto i te wāhanga hohe. I muri kē te pūkaha e atu, nga nekehanga pere i runga i te trajectory ballistic a kihai mana i waho. Ka taea e tatou te mea e te tere o te whānuitanga ballistic pere reo, me te poto ko tata ōrite. Otiia mai matou e pā ana ki te pere ballistic fakavaha'akonitinēnití, i roto i tenei take, ko paku teitei te auau me te he e pā ana ki 5-6 kiromita ia haora. e kore e taea te ingoa raraunga tika, no te mea kahore ratou e mohiotia ki te rā. Heoi, ka taea e tatou te mea e i roto i whakamatautau i tuhia ai e te tākirirangi 14 meneti rere 5500 kiromita. Mai i tenei e taea te hanga matou i te mutunga ohie e rere te pere rua e pā ana ki 6-7 kiromita. Ka taea e tatou te mea e te tere o te pere "Bulava" tino mīharo, Heoi, kia rite ki ngā pūrongo maha, te US taua complexes he ahua tere.

he wahi o te faaino

Ka rite ki tuhia i runga ake, no te mea o te ōrau iti o whakamātautau angitu o te pere ballistic "Bulava" i tukua e te rota o te faaino, e kore anake i te karaipi kāinga. Ko te kupu, nga Ameliká mea e tenei matatini ko tata kotahi rau ōrau he rite ki taua o te tākirirangi "Poseidon-C3". Heoi, i mawehe kua te whakamutunga i te mahi hei tawhito. Otiia e tika ana ki te meka i reira e rua anake ngā pūnaha totoka-wahie, me te whānuitanga mōrahi ko anake e rima me te hawhe mano kiromita. Me kï reira e maha tohunga mea e ka whakaiti i te whakauru o missiles hāngai moana-wai ki taua ritenga rite "Bulava" te pūmanawa mo te deterrence karihi anake. Ko, kia rite ki a Horomona (Designer Tumuaki), whakaiti i te ututaumaha tika ki te nui haere oranga o missiles.

Ētahi whakamātautau aromatawai

Kua maha maha tohunga whakahē te matatini. i tika ki te meka i ko tutuki te whakarewatanga o te "Bulava" pere i roto i te 45% o te wā tenei. Ahakoa ko reira āhua mōhiohio i tautohetia, rite kua wāhanga angitu e rave rahi whakamātautau, ahakoa i reira he deflection. Ano, āhua 90% o rōnihi kāore i hanga ake i roto i te whanaketanga kaha. Otira, i te whakawhanakehia te pere, e o 10 tīmata kotahi anake whakamatauria ki te kia tutuki. Enei whika tohu tika te ritenga - e te pere ballistic "Bulava" tino pono, pera ki te korero. Yuri Solomonov hanga he kōrero e pā ana ki te maha nui o rahunga i roto i whakamātautau. ka mea ia e kore e taea ki te matapae. Ko te take i tukanga katoa ārahi ki te makanga, haere i roto i te rua o ritua. A ki te whakamārama ratou MIT āhua whakahaere e ia pinepine o whakamātautau utu, e te mutunga arahina ki te au pai.

He iti e pā ana ki te āhuatanga o te matatini

Ka rite ki kua tuhia paku teitei pere ballistic fakavaha'akonitinēnití "Bulava" he ahurei i roto i tona ahua. Ko te matua tenei e tika ana ki te meka i roto i ngā āhuatanga o missiles whawhai taea o pato ahi pū taiaho. Ko reira taa'eraa e te taha o te tīmatanga taea ki a koe tīmata ki "rere", arā, i te pei i te waka ruku karihi. ka whakanui i tenei te ngāwari o te matatini rite te katoa. Ratau, kia tuhia te reira e muri i te raupapa o tamataraa kāore rihaina Horomona rite kaiwhakahaere whānui o MIT, engari i te wa ano i kaihoahoa whānui o te matatini. Na inaianei kia kōrero a pā ana ki taua, i runga i te mea ahanoa pere ballistic fakavaha'akonitinēnití "Bulava" Ka kia whakamahia

matatini noho

Mai i hanga tenei rite te matatini tākirirangi kaipuke pere, he reira arorau ki te amo i taua te wahi tino o te noho - submarines karihi. pai ake fakasio submarine rautaki "mango" kaupapa, hei tauira, "Dmitry Donskoy" me "Arkhangelsk", kua whai i roto i to ratou täoro ki tenei matatini. Ratau, i roto i tenei tuhinga, i reira he pikitia, te wahi e tīmata i te matatini i te Pirimia League i te kau titiro tino mīharo, "Bulava" (whakaahua). Kei te tāuta hoki te pere i runga i nga taonga o te "Boreas". I roto ia ratou, "Yury Dolgoruky", "Alexander Nevsky" me etahi atu. Na roto i te mutunga o 2020 ko te whakaritea reira ki te hanga e pā ana ki 8 mua, 3 o nei he i runga i te kaupapa "mango" me 5 - no te "Boreas". I runga i ia eyeliner ko 16 pere "Bulava".

mutunga

Heoi arotakehia e matou ki a koutou i te āhuatanga matua o te "Bulava" matatini (whakaahua), te pere rite koutou e taea te kite, titiro reira rawa faahiahia, me ngā whakamātautau tata whakaaro tona pai tiketike. Otiia, ko te ingoa pai ko reira tino uaua. Otiia i konei ko ki te whakapakari i te kaha o te waka ruku Russian taea ia. I tua atu, i te kaha heke o te matatini he tika ki nui haere tika. kihai i tangohia e maha fakaanga ki pūkete te vilitakí o te tākirirangi i roto i rite ki analogues. Ātete ki ngā āhuatanga e totohu takaro tata te tūranga matua i roto i te whakahaere o mua.