"Mudyug" (Icebreaker). Diesel-hiko Icebreaker "Mudyug"

He nui e hiahia te whenua he kaipuke o icebreakers raina takutai Russian me te Arctic Ocean. Ko e mahi icebreakers kore anake i roto i te Te Tai Tokerau. mau ratou marae tau katoa a tawhio noa, me te mīti moana, me ngā awa.

Ko te hītori o te Icebreaker kaipuke Russian

I runga i nga awa raki o Russia kua whakamahia roa poti tio-whawhati. hanga te Icebreaker kaipuke tuatahi i roto i Kronstadt i 1864, a kua i roto i te mutunga o XIX rautau i hanga mana kaipuke Icebreaker. Ko te rongonui Icebreaker "Ermak", te whakaaro o i no ki a Vice-Admiral S. O. Makarovu me te kaipūtaiao rongonui D. I. Mendeleevu, i whakaturia i runga i te hanga kaipuke Ingarihi i roto i te 1897.

Tāhuhu o te Navy o te Russian Empire i 1913, ua faaite te ngawari mo te hanganga o ma rua icebreakers rārangi, me te tauranga. Icebreaker raina tuatahi o te ao "Svyatogor" hanga i roto i te 1917 e "Sir Armstrong me K °" kaupapa S. O. Makarova. I muri mai, i whakaingoatia reira ka anga ka mau te ingoa "Krasin".

hanga nga icebreakers Soviet tuatahi i i shipyards kāinga i roto i te 1938-1941 tau. Ice Fleet o te Soviet Union ngā o te marae kāinga, te Ingarangi, Tiamana, Danish, hanga Finnish, me te Canadian.

Te kaipuke Icebreaker Soviet whakakiia ki Icebreaker karihi-powered tuatahi o te ao "Lenin" i roto i te 1959, i hanga i te hanga kaipuke Admiralty.

icebreakers diesel mo te Soviet Navy hanga i te shipyards i Finland. Ko te kaha me te pato kaipuke "Moscow" me pato icebreakers "Kāpene Sorokin" kaha 16.2 MW hangaia mō te whakatere i te mangai o nga awa Arctic me ngā wāhi ki te rire pāpaku i pāmahana o -50 ° C, me icebreakers o momo "Mudyug". Na roto i te mutunga o te hītori Soviet o kaipuke icebreaking kāinga ngā o oko 36.

motu Mudyug

I roto i te Moana White tata te mangai o te Dvina awa Northern ko te motu o te ataahua nui tūturu e rata ana tūruhi me te ataahua, rangi ma, me te moana, me te hītori e wehingia ana. Mudyug ki Arkhangelsk i te faufaa rautaki, ko te taua rite te Kronstadt ki St Petersburg.

I roto i te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao, me i te timatanga o te Pakanga Civil reira ko he puni kukū i hanga e te whawhai whakaeke-o-, e riro i muri herehere riria i whakaraua. I roto i te puni, a ka ki te whare herehere i ngā āhuatanga ati, te wahi torutoru ora, na ka karanga Mudyug "motu o te mate."

Na te motu ko te whenua rāhui hītori, me te āhua, e ngā nga toenga o puni me herehere, ārahi kara rama i roto i 1875 me te rama hanga i roto i te 1938.

Monument ki patunga o te wawaotanga i whakapumautia kua i roto i te mahara o te hunga i patua i runga i te motu i roto i te tau 1928, te tuatahi i roto i te kohatu, me te sima, a i roto i 1958 i whakakapi ia i te ofa'i.
huaina te ingoa o te motu kei te te kaipuke. "Mudyug" - he kaha Icebreaker diesel-hiko o 7 MW, hanga i roto i te 1982.

Icebreaker "Mudyug"

Translation o tenei ingoa ki te Finno-Ugric - "kōpiko awa". Te ingoa, i roto i te whānui, ōrite ki te mahi o te Icebreaker pŭpŭ tauturu o nāianei.

I hanga te reira i roto i 1982 i runga i te hanga kaipuke rongonui Finnish "Wärtsilä" (icebreakers Finnish whati i te huka i roto i icebreaking kaipuke o te ao), me te rua atu icebreakers - "Dixon" me "Makarana" - i muri ia ia. ka anga ia tona mahi rite he "Mudyug" ki te mahi i roto i te Murmansk Shipping Company, ka i whakawhitia ki Arkhangelsk. I te tau 1987, "Mudyug" i remade e te kaupapa Swiss. I tino hanga te hawhe mua o te Icebreaker, a inaianei tona ihu rite te rahi overshoe nui. ka tank kaipuke tino wāteatea, engari heke raka, me te ihu hou, i whakawhanakehia tuatahi mō ngā roto tio angiangi i roto i Switzerland, rahua ki te wahi i te huka matotoru o te Arctic. Na ka whakawhitia te Icebreaker pŭpŭ tauturu ki St Petersburg i te peka Te Tai Tokerau-Te Hau-ā-uru o Rosmorport.

Na tapahia ana e ia te tio kuao i runga i te raorao i te Neva Bay, a he whanui, me te flat te Unuhia o te wai ma i muri i te reira no te pilotage.

āhuatanga Icebreaker

Rangatira o te Icebreaker p∂p∂ tauturu "Mudyug" Ko te riu Manga Te Tai Tokerau-Te Hau-ā-uru o FSUE "Rosmorport", pēnei i te reira ki te tauranga o St Petersburg. "Rosmorport" marae whakarite haumaru whakatere i te wai o nga tauranga Russian i runga i te Moana Baltic me i te huarahi ki reira.

Icebreaker ki te kaha o 7.3 MW patunga whakawhanake tere i roto i te tuwhera te wai o 16.5 knots. Ko tōna roa ko te 111,6 mita, whanui - 22.2 mita, hukihuki - 6.8 mita, teitei - 38 mita. Icebreaker Tapeke displacement - 8,154 mano taranata, te huka-hipoki - 115 henemita.

Ice passability - te kaha o te Icebreaker ki te neke i te mana engine tonu i roto i te huka mārō, whakaatu reira te huka o te oko a whanganga te matotoru mōrahi o te tio, i roto i nei e taea te oko e tonu neke i te tere iti.

E ai ki te "Rosmorport" Icebreaker "Mudyug" Ka taea e rua tekau-rima ra i roto i te whakaterenga motuhake, a kore e ona rohe o te kauhoe i roto i te Moana Baltic iti.

Icebreaker whakarite

Icebreaker Houalotú "Mudyug" hangaia mō oko nui icebreaking motuhake, arā, whakapanga awa wai ma, te huka-free. Mai tei roa tira i runga i te roa hongere wai ma o Icebreaker, kia kawe "Mudyug" tira i te maha o nga oko. Ka taea hoki te muka te reira i te oko whaiaro-tīhokatia me hanganga tere kore anake i runga i te huka, engari ano hoki te wai ma. Ko te pū o "Icebreaker", e rähuitia te hongere papatahi, taea ki reira muka te kaipuke i runga i te muka roa.

Ko tōna taputapu taea ki te tinei ahi i runga i te tipu katoa, e kore anake i runga i ngā tētē, ka mahi i te mahi ki te whakarato āwhina ki te hunga i roto i te mate oko, a ka i roto i te huka, me te wai tuwhera.

Whakamātautau i runga i te ao hou, o te tio-kaiwahi

I te tīmatanga, te huka-hipoki faatiti'aifarohia na roto i te whakanui ake i te taimaha o te kaipuke, me te kaha o ona otaota mana. Otiia tahuri te reira i roto i taua i roto i i tapahi i te kē te huka i te tetahi koki, e kore gags, rite he reira whai hua atu. I roto i tenei ahua motuhake o te puka takere taea ki a koe pana i runga i te taha o te kaipuke tapahia te huka i raro i te ngohi te huka, mahue i muri i te Icebreaker Unuhia ma o te wai, kaua ki te whatiwhatinga o te tio, e taea kore kaipuke katoa haere.

Te Hau-ā-uru German kamupene "Thyssen-Waas 'lave ki te wheako angitu o te ao hou, o te tio-takahi" Maks Valdek "me" Mudyug "ka ki rework. karanga elongated ihu wahi, me te hohonu huna i raro i tona wahi puhoi o te putorino punga hawse ka hoatu ruru ara te Icebreaker "galosh" ranei "pongaihu".

Mai puta tamataraa moana i roto i te raumati, e kore i te tino matotoru te huka i roto i te rohe Franz Josef o te whenua, me nga whakamātautau hoatu hua pai. Otiia i roto i te hotoke i runga i te pilotage mahi e kore i mua e āhuru whakaaro kohakore. Astern nekehanga tio pakaru e kore i taea i te katoa, a i te mua i whiua ai ki te tio. I tua atu, kua whakaaturia nga glaciologists e tau-maha te huka ki hummocks tapahi taea, rite te ātete ki te-tau kotahi, i tapahia ki whakamātautau "Mudyug". Icebreaker faifai whakawhiti ki te Moana Baltic.

Festivals icebreakers

I te tīmatanga o Mei 2014 tū icebreakers hakari. I tū te reira i roto i St. Petersburg, ko ia te tuatahi i roto i te ao, me te e whakatapua ki te sesquicentennial o te kaipuke Icebreaker o Russia. ka mau Petersburg täia icebreakers. Anake tae mai te ra tuatahi o te hakari i te taha o neke atu i te kotahi tekau mano te iwi. Ko te Icebreaker rongonui Arctic "Krasin" ki te hītori taonga, me te itoito; Port Icebreaker «Ivan Kruzenshtern", te ingoa i muri i te admiral haere nui IF Kruzenshtern; tetahi o ono icebreakers, ko muri i nga rangatira rongonui Soviet "Kāpene Zarubin"; icebreakers Modern ki taputapu faaora mō te ahi tupohe i roto i te moana tuwhera, me te whawhai ki te maringi te hinu "Moscow" me "St. Petersburg" - i roto i te taua wahi faahiahia i tika o te kaimahi "Mudyug" Icebreaker mo pilotage i roto i te moana mīti.

Ko te wa tuarua i tū te hakari i Mei 2015. I whakatapua ia ki tona Victory e whitu tekau, me te whakamahi kaiuru pāhia i Polar i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao. Ano, whakahaerehia St Petersburg te parade o icebreakers. I tua atu ki ngā kaiuru o whakamutunga tau, Icebreaker "Krasin", "Ivan Kruzenshtern", "Mudyug" me "Moscow", whai wāhi i roto i te hakari "Nevskaya Zastava" me "Kāpene Sorokin."

Future kaipuke Icebreaker Russian

Na whakawhanakehia tētahi hōtaka kāwanatanga hanga he kaipuke icebreaking hou o Russia, mai te nuinga o kaipuke ngā ki te kia tuhituhia atu.

Ka kia hanga tae atu ki ngā icebreakers diesel-hiko: aho ki te mahi i roto i te Arctic, te mana i runga i te ngahaú i roto i nei - 25 MW; Raina mō te mīti moana kaha o 16-18 MW; āwhina ki te kaha o te 7 MW, rite Icebreaker "Mudyug".

Class Icebreaker LK-25D taea, whakakapi i te Icebreaker "Krasin" me "Admiral Makarov", whakarato i roto i te whakatere raumati me te tuku o utanga o kaipuke i te rawhiti, me te tau katoa a tawhio noa - i roto i te rohe Arctic hauauru, i runga i te Yenisei.

momo Icebreakers LK-18D, e kua tikanga ki te whakakapi oko o "Kāpene Sorokin," Ka taea e whakarato transportation kore anake i roto i te Arctic rawhiti me te Far Te Tai Rāwhiti, engari ano hoki i roto i ngā wāhi te fafau hou i roto i te peihana Far Te Tai Rāwhiti.
patopato Icebreakers LK-7D mai kore noa ki te whakakapi i nga kaipuke diesel-hiko ngaahi houalotú pērā i "Mudyug".

hiahiatia whakatupuranga Icebreaker hou te mo te whanaketanga o ahunga hou o te waka i roto i te Far Te Tai Rāwhiti me te Arctic, a ki te taviniraa i tauranga hou me terminals.