Submarine "Northwind": whakaahuatanga me ngā. submarines karihi "Northwind"

Tangohia te tuatahi o rautaki karihi submarine kaupapa Russian o te Navy "Northwind" i whāngai i roto i te 2013. Ko te submarine, i whakaputaina he pāpāho kāinga me te ke whakaahua, ka karanga te "Yury Dolgoruky". Ko reira i taua wa i whakarewa anake i runga i te tau 12 o mua. I tua atu, ko reira te kaipuke ipu tuatahi o te momo kotahi, hanga i roto i te Russia hou.

Ko wai te mea te Boreas

Iritihia i te Kariki "borey" tikanga "raki". Ko tenei ariā matawhenua, te urupare rohe tetahi wahi whakahaere, "Yuriya Dolgorukogo", te tikanga o te ingoa o te kaupapa kei te kore e pau. Ia submarine o kaupapa "borey" tohu te mana o te pūrākau Kariki Note atua teina ko Zephyr, te tama a Astrea me eos, te rangatira paoro o te hau raki. Tuhia e pā ana ki reira i roto i te "Iliad" o Homer, ko ia te hero tino o nga rangatira o Kariki tawhito, whakaata i ia i roto i nga mahi maha o te toi e kua heke iho ki to tatou ake wa. Mano, whai parirau, te ahipare, roa-hina, noho ia i roto i te "grotto sedmidomnom" (e ko te tino huna) ka meatia e ia te mea i pai. A, no te faaoti ia ki te marena - kāhakina ia Orifov, tamahine a te kingi, i te ara. Kei te muri kitea tēnei wāhi i runga i tona papa reo maha toi. He ahua pohewa o te Boreas atua (hoki e mohiotia ana ko Zephyr) ko me te peita "Spring" o Botticelli. Ko te ingoa o te hopoi'a rahi ruku karihi.

History o te kaupapa

Ko te submarine "Northwind" i hangaia tuatahi mo te momo motuhake o te reo karihi rautaki - totoka-wahie pere "kiri" (P-39UTTH), whakawhanakehia i roto i te pokapū o-eighties rite te counterweight ki te US, "Pershing-2". Ka rite ki tahuri reira i roto i muri mai, kua tāia ki Norevetia ki te mahi pai atu i nga tangata tākirirangi, e haere he katoa. I te mutunga o te "kiri" faaoti matou ki whakarerea te kaupapa, he ringa waka ruku hou aru e te tahi mea atu. Ko tētahi kōwhiringa, ko te ki te pīkau i ona missiles ipu, engari ko te Tāhuhu o Defence tohe i runga i te hokohoko o rangahau i roto i te mara o missiles totoka-wahie, i, i roto i rite ki te hua i mua i roto i te tauira wai USSR, he maha o ngā painga. kaipuke Underwater i roto i te wā tonu ki te hanga. Ko te whenua kua takahia ngā wā uaua.

era Yeltsin oti

I rite i muri i te tiango USSR te kaupapa. whakaturia te submarine tuatahi o "borey" piha i roto i 1996 ka riro ... he hanga wā roa-tūturu. E rua nga tau i muri mai, ka ka kitea te kore o te "Barco", i ki kia hou siate rite-hanga. Ko te hanga o te tinana roa, me te ono tekau o te raruraru me te tarepa pūtea pūtea ma rua nga tau roa. Anake i roto i te 2008 ko te whakarewa nui o te "Yuriya Dolgorukogo", engari ka mau te reira i te maramataka-tau e rima ki tonu hoki te mutunga o oti mahi me te whakawhiti o te kaipuke o te Northern Fleet o te Russian Federation. Ko taea te i titiro enei mau tautooraa katoa ki te hinga i te mau fifi rite tika. Submarine "Northwind" he faura'o ahurei.

He aha te mea tenei kaipuke?

hohonu rumaki - wha mita (480 mōrahi). tere ngaro - 29 knots, mata -15 wae. Tauira (oti) - .. 24 toni ia tinana mita tapawha hanga o tiketike-kaha austenitic he kowiri tira AK-100, pupuritia te kawenga 40-ton. roa o kaipuke - 170 mita. tangohia te wai te mв maitai te i te taha o te tipu desalination, a kua tangohia i te haamaitairaa hāora taua o te rangi e hiahiatia ana mo ratou i roto i te waka. I runga i te mata e kore e taea e koe whakatika hoki nga marama. pai tikanga ora o te habitability whakapumautia mo te waka. submarine karihi "Northwind" kite, e rongo ana nga mea katoa e tere ana i te tawhiti o maha tekau o maile a tawhio noa, he hononga pūmau e ā awa acoustic me e rite ki te kawe i roto i te misioni whawhai tonu. Whakaaro o te kaipuke, pērā maha ritenga kano, rautaki. Na roto i te tikanga o te peresideni, me ia e whakaora i te patu pere karihi nui, he kaha i te mea rawa nui ki te tahuri i te fenua katoa ki te koraha mate. Ki te mahi i tenei, me mua koe puku hakari i roto i tetahi rohe o te moana, i runga i te mohiotia ki te rire hoariri pea faaau ohorere hoki ia. tāuta korero torutoru hipoki e te arai o te mea ngaro, rite te waka ruku "Northwind". Whakatakotoranga ngaro, e mohio e pā ana ki a ratou he moka rawa, a tae noa ka anake te mea te whakaaro matua o tetahi pūnaha korero taumata rite - whakawehi te wahine taikaha taea.

E kore te te whāinga o te waka ruku pere rautaki ngā hopu mo waka ope hōia ranei Munuwao kaikiri. E whakarato ana deterrence karihi riri tata anake o te utu, ki te huakina.

Mō te pahi "takoha"

takoha fifi pūtea nga kaihanga o te kaipuke tuatahi o te raupapa ( "Yuriya Dolgorukogo") e whakamahia ana mo tona hanganga o te wāhanga "Cougar" Project, 971 submarines (hoki e mohiotia ana ko "Pike-B"). Ko te hoahoa o te "Aleksandra Nevskogo" kōwae rite kua tono i te "Lynx", me i te take o te "Vladimirom Monomahom" - te "Pae Ak". I roto i te press ka patai te mōhiohio e wawe, me te solia nga submarines karihi "Barnaul" riro te ahua o te kaituku mo kaipuke hou, ko te kupu hoatu ara ki te tahi mau fakaanga o te ahumahi korero Russian ki te whakatau e pā ana ki te backwardness hangarau o te tāruru Russian. Hanga whakaaro fakatu'atamaki e he kore nga submarines o Project 955 "borey" te kupu whakamutunga i roto i te pahi manuao, ka kohia i tuarua rauemi mata me wāhanga, submarines te solia. I roto i te meka, te tono, ko te tino tika anga takere - rawa mehua tika tënei ki te whakaiti i ngā utu rauemi. I runga i te kaha whawhai o kaipuke hou e kore e pāngia.

pūnaha piere me te toko

Ko te ngakau o te waka ruku - he 190-megawatt mamaoa OK-650V. Ko te puna matua o te haruru e whakaatu tetahi submarine karihi, ngā papua, coolant köurarangi me TGZA (wae matangirua-hau-taputapu). Ko te hoahoa o te waka ruku karihi "Northwind", ko te taua rite i whakamahia i runga i te poti o te raupapa o mua (tae atu "Ash" kaupapa) enei wae. Otiia e kore e tenei tikanga e te taumata haruru tonu te taua - heke reira e tika ana ki ngā tinihanga hangarau. riro te reira i te pūrere jet toko, e tino heke te perekau, riro taputapu katoa absorbers ru motuhake. He he he whakaaro e i roto i te āhuatanga tono he rahui motuhake, i reira he GTZA momotunga i te take hurirere me peia te kaipuke e te pūkaha iti-reo motuhake. I te iti rawa whakatau taua ara te pātai o te muna "Ash".

te wha whakatupuranga

Ko te submarine "Northwind" - wha nga whakatupuranga o te kaipuke. Ko tōna whāinga ko ki te whakakapi i te pahi hopu i hanga i roto i nga wa Soviet, te hou o e kei i runga i te mataara no te te rau tau hauwhā me patu ki te momo o "Sineva" missiles wai. He tika te tonu o ngā hanganga i roto i tenei take: He tino utu submarine me whai he ora ratonga roa, me te displacement o ratou tauira hou āta. kawe moana rautaki missiles karihi te US Navy i āhua i te taua tau rite te Russian, rawa mai te wa whakamutunga i hoatu te US tokanga maitai ki te hanga o mua-whakaaro maha i te utu o nga wero o raunga ao. Ko te tere o te hanga o mua Russian kua ara tino i roto i nga tau tata nei, ahakoa hinga tonu nga paerewa Soviet poto. Ko te kupu, i taea ki te hoatu noa e ono nga tau i muri i te whakapanga ki mahi tuarua te kaipuke (me te toru) Kaupapa 955.

teihana acoustic

nohoia te ihu katoa o te waka ruku "Northwind" e tino tairongo pūnaha porohita pūihi pāorooro MGK-600B "Irtysh-Amphora". No mea pehea kaha tetahi raro rākau o te riri Rapa, e kua reira kua huakore, kahore te kaha ki te tautika aromatawai i te mata taiao, me te āhuatanga raro. I tua atu i te mahi mua, arā, i roto i te shumopelengovanii, ngā āhukahuka me te kōrero, ka taea e te poari GAK ine i te matotoru o te tio kimi torpedoes me mines, ki te kitea te poka i roto i te huka i roto i te ahopae raki, me te whakarato i whakahau kaipuke he rota o te tahi atu mōhiohio e whai hua, mahu'inga i roto i te āhuatanga whawhai.

launchers tākirirangi

Ko te submarine "Northwind" kua he silhouette motuhake ki te manakohia o poroporo tomonga. He launchers pere, e ko te matua patu o te raro cruiser whakaaro motuhake. Tae noa te kau, ka whakaputaina te raraunga i runga i te taea rautaki o te kaipuke hou, whakapono tohunga hōia e ratou pia ma. I roto i te meka e kore ko reira pera: launchers, ono, ia o ratou - pere "Bulava". whakarato pūnaha hohonu stabilization ultraprecise tīmatanga pono i tetahi akoranga whawhai.

Na te aha te ki te "Bulava"?

I hanga te submarine "Northwind" i roto i te tikanga ki te riro i te kaimau o te pere hou "Bulava". Mai Kohitātea 2013 Ko wāhanga o te Tāruru Northern te kaipuke, engari e kore e tonu e mohiotia pehea whai hua e taea te waiho i te patu whakapangia ki runga ki a ratou. Ko te whakawhiti ki te momo hou o te matā whakamatauria atu uaua atu whakaaro i mua. Mau, nga painga o missiles totoka-wahie e whai ake nei:

- te rokiroki haumaru me te whakarerenga tata oti o te pea o kōpeka tīmatanga-ake;

- he utu āhua iti;

- tīmatanga ngāwari;

- iti whakaraerae ki ngā pūnaha pere korero.

Heoi, tākirirangi totoka i te pūtoro iti o te tono whawhai atu - i te papatipu taua - wai ōrite. I tua atu, āhuatanga te hangarau o ratou production e te rota o whaktauiratia.

I te 2013, i runga i te poari i te "Aleksandra Nevskogo" i whakaputaina e tono "Bulava R-30", mutu i roto i te kore. hinga Anga rua meneti i muri i te tīmatanga. I mua ki tenei take, haere pai te whakamātautau. I muri rapurongoā hoki e mahi i waho kore te tāpae e whai ake nei. e kore e tikanga tūmataiti tukua whakatau u e pā ana ki te āheinga whawhai o mua "Northwind". TTX pere "Bulava" mohiotia anake i roto i ngā whānui, kėia ratou he ngaro kāwanatanga. Mahi ki te whakapai ake me te whakapiki ake i haere tonu te tika.

Ētahi atu kaipuke te Kaupapa 955

Ia o te "borey" submarine whai whakarewa momo rerekē i te tino tipu o mua. pēnei te kaipuke mata, "Yury Dolgoruky" mai te timatanga o 2013 te ki te turanga o te Navy Gadzhiyevo (SF). "Alexander Nevsky" - te waka ruku i muri - i te mutunga o te taua tau, i mahi i roto i te Pacific tāruru i Vilyuchinsk, hei wāhanga o te Division 25. He tau i muri mai, i roto i Hakihea 2014, ka haere mai te toru o kōwae o te raupapa o ruku karihi "Vladimir Monomakh" i runga i te pūtake kotahi. e kore e poti e toru katoa ano te ārai ohipa i roto i te wāhi whakahaere. He uaua ki te whakawa ki te mea whānuitanga te take mo tenei ko e o te hihiko hangarau. Ko te mahi noa o nga Munuwao katoa o te ao, ko te tino mahi i roto i nga pūkenga o ngā kauhoe, me te whakatutuki i te kainga rauemi tino o te kaipuke i mua i mahue i te ruma whakahaere. Kei te whakahau o 55 tino rangatira, me te 52 heramana, ki nei he hoki nga pūkenga o ngā whakaritenga tiketike rawa. I te āhua o e pai te tuituia ratou mahi, e kore tei reira anake i runga i te angitu o te rerenga roa, engari ano hoki i te oraraa o kaumoana.

Ko te whai ake "Borei"

I roto i te 2009, i te "Sevmash" whakatakotoria te wha o nga kaipuke o te kaupapa 955, riro te ingoa o St Nicholas. taputapu tēnei wā, i roto i te whare oti te tāuta me te machinery hiko. Ko tēnei putanga o te pere raro he taupū 955-U.

I roto i te 2014 ka anga reira te hanga o ngā waeine e rua - "Suvorov" me "Prince Oleg" (putanga 955-A). Ko ana mahi i roto i te wāhanga o te whakaminenga o te takere pēhanga.

Hoki 2015 Kei te whakaritea te reira tuuraa o rua submarines o te piha haapiiraa "Boreas".

Kei te iti te reira ki ranei te Navy waru submarines Russian o te wha o nga whakatupuranga, he tonu unknown. Pea, ka tae ratou tau kotahi tekau i te 2020. Neke atu i te wa, ka whakakapia ratou i runga i te ohipa "Squid" me "Dolphins" Project 667, e whai kē otsluzhat tona ora.