Ytterbium muka taiaho: te pūrere, te parau tumu whakahaere, te mana, whakanao, te whakamahi

He whāiti, me te roa, tika, a ngāwari ki te titaritari piri wera lasers muka. haere mai ratou i roto i ngā momo rerekē, me te mea he rota ki te mahi ki lasers o ētahi atu momo i to ratou ake painga motuhake.

lasers muka: mahi

Pūrere o tenei momo ko te rerekētanga paerewa o te puna totoka-āhua o te radiation pipiri i te muka, hei utu tokotoko inu mahi, he pereti kōpae ranei. Ko te marama i hanga e te dopant i roto i te wahi pokapū o te muka. Ka taea e te hanganga taketake ngā i ohie ki tino matatini. Ytterbium muka taputapu taiaho pērā e te muka kua he mata nui ki te ōwehenga rōrahi, kia taea te parare ngā ngāwari te wera.

E mäminga lasers muka optically, maha ki te awhina o lasers ngōhiko, engari i roto i ētahi wā - i te taua puna. Optics whakamahia i roto i enei pūnaha e te nuinga o tohu wāhanga whatu, kei te hono ai te nuinga katoa o ratou ranei ki tetahi ki tetahi. I roto i ētahi wā, he optics nuinga, a ētahi wā ā-pūnaha muka whatu ngā te ki te tuku kōrero nuinga waho.

pea te pūtake papu ngōhiko he ngohi ngōhiko, he plurality o te p takitahi ranei, ia o nei ko hono ki te waveguide tūhono muka whatu. muka doped i ia mutunga he kōhao resonator whakaata - i roto i te mahi hanga i te muka Bragg pae kupenga. I whai te pito o optics nuinga, ki te tomo kore anake te kurupae putanga te tahi mea i tua atu i te muka. kia whiria ai te aratohu marama kia ki te hiahiatia kia whai i te kōhao taiaho he roa o te maha mita.

binuclear

muka Hanganga whakamahia i roto i lasers muka, he nui. Ko te tino noa ko te āhuahanga o te hanganga rua-matua. matua waho Undoped (i ētahi wā ka kīia ki rite te intima) mäminga kohikohi marama me tataki reira haere te muka. radiation whakaongaongatia hangaia i roto i te muka e tika ana i te matua i roto, i te mea maha he aratau kotahi. Kei roto i te matua i roto i te ytterbium tāpiri, whakaongaongatia e te marama papu. He maha ngā momo o te matua waho noncircular tae atu - hexagonal, D-āhua me te tapawhā, te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o Misses te kurupae marama i roto i te matua pokapū.

Ka taea e te taiaho muka i te mutunga köurarangi taha ranei. I roto i te marama take tuatahi i tetahi atu ranei puna tomo te mutunga muka. A, no te te tukua te marama köurarangi taha ki te Kairitu e kai ai ki te matua waho. rerekē ana tēnei i te tokotoko taiaho wahi tomo te marama hāngai ki te tuaka.

Hoki te whakatau taua titau te rota o ngā whanaketanga hanganga. utua aro nui te ki whakarāpopoto i te marama papu ki te matua ki te whakaputa i te koaro taupori, ārahi ki te tukunga whakaongaongatia i roto i te matua i roto. kia whai taiaho matua taumata o amplification i roto i te muka i runga i te doping rānei, me te i runga i tona roa. E whakatakotoria ēnei āhuatanga rite he mataaro hoahoa mo nga tawhā e hiahiatia ana.

kia puta rohe Power, ngā ka mahi i roto i te muka-aratau kotahi. he matua taua he wāhi iti rawa ripeka-motu, me rite ki te hua haere marama therethrough o kaha tiketike rawa. A, no te te hoko tenei ake korerotia apuhau Brillouin kore-rārangi, e tauwhāiti te putanga mana o te maha mano o Watts. Ki te he tiketike nui te putanga, kia pakaru te mutunga muka.

Rawa lasers muka

Ko te whakamahi o te muka rite wai mahi homai roa pāhekoheko nui, e mahi pai, no te te köurarangi ngōhiko. Tenei hua āhuahanga i roto i te tōtika nui faafariuraa o pūaho, me te hanga pono, me te kiato, i roto i nei kahore optics motuhake, tono whakarerekētanga tīaroaro ranei.

He taiaho muka, e taea taputapu ki te urutau reira pai, e taea te urutau hoki fehokotaki'anga o pepa whakarewa matotoru, me ki te whakaputa i ngātere femtosecond. whakarato amplifiers muka-whatu kotahi-haere taonga me te e whakamahia i roto i torotoro waea, rite ratou e taea te faananea maha oioihia wā kotahi. whakamahia ana te taua taonga i roto i amplifiers te mana ki te oscillator ariki. I roto i ētahi wā, ka taea te whakahaeretia te tīwerawera me te laser poipoi tonu.

Ko tētahi atu tauira ko te puna o te tukunga noa i te muka-ngā, i roto i nei tāmia te tukunga whakaongaongatia te. Ko tētahi atu tauira ko te taiaho Raman muka ngā ki nui haere marara, roangaru nuinga kutikuti. Kua kitea te reira i tono i roto i te rangahau, i reira te huinga o te whakatupuranga me te amplification te whakamahi i te karaihe pūkōwhai, nui atu i te muka takawai paerewa.

Heoi, te tikanga, muka i hanga o karaihe takawai ki onge-whenua dopant i roto i te matua. Ko te tāpiritanga taketake he ytterbium me erbium. He Ytterbium wavelengths i 1030 ki te 1080 nm, a kia emit i runga i te whānuitanga whanui. Ko te whakamahi o 940-nm ngōhiko papu tino whakaiti te tarepa o pūaho. He Ytterbium kaua he pānga whaiaro-tinei, e te hunga i neodymium i densities tiketike, na whakamahia te muri kei roto i lasers nuinga me te ytterbium - i roto i te muka (whakarato ratou e rua e pā ana ki te roangaru taua).

E faatae mai Erbium i roto i te whānuitanga 1530-1620 nm, he haumaru hoki te kanohi. Ka taea te rererua te auau ki te whakaputa marama i 780 nm, e kore te mea e wātea ana mō te tahi atu momo o lasers muka i. Heoi, e taea te tāpiri ytterbium ki erbium kia ka mimiti te huānga te radiation papu me te tuku i tēnei pūngao ki erbium. Thulium - tetahi atu dopant ki te tukunga i roto i te rohe pōkākā tata, i te kupu, ko te haumaru hoki te pikitia kanohi.

pai tiketike

Ko te taiaho muka ko te pūnaha-taumata-toru Manatü. te pūaho papu whakaongaonga i te whakawhitinga i te āhua whenua ki te paparanga o runga. Ko Taiaho whakawhiti i te wahi i raro o te taumata o runga i tetahi o nga āhua ritua hurihia. Ko te tino whai hua tenei: no te tauira, tuku hoki ytterbium-940 nm pūaho papu te pūaho ki roangaru o 1030 nm, me te koha aronui (pūngao mate), anake e pā ana ki 9%.

I roto i te rerekē, neodymium, mäminga i 808 nm ngaro e pā ana ki 24% o te pūngao. Ko te kupu, ytterbium ere he pai nui, ahakoa he whakatutuki kore katoa o reira e tika ana ki te mate o etahi o nga pūaho. kia mäminga Yb i roto i te maha o here auau, me te erbium - roangaru o 1480 980 ranei nm. E kore te mea te auau teitei rite whai hua i roto i ngā o pūaho koha, engari whai hua, ara i roto i tenei take, no te mea i 980 nm, te puna pai e wātea ana.

kakama te tairanga o te taiaho muka ko te hua o te tukanga e rua-taahiraa. Tuatahi, ko reira te tōtika o te ngōhiko papu. He tino whai hua puna Semiconductor o radiation mārama, me 50% tōtika tahuri te tohu hiko ki te whatu. whakaaro nga hua o rangahau taiwhanga e he reira taea ki te tae te uara o 70% neke atu rānei. Ki te tangohia ōrite putanga radiation absorption muka raina taiaho tutuki te me te tōtika köurarangi tiketike.

Tuarua, tenei tōtika faafariuraa whatu-whatu. A, no te taea te whakatutuki i te pūaho koha iti te tohu tiketike o excitation me te tōtika tango o tōtika faafariuraa whatu-optical o 60-70%. Ko te tōtika hua i roto i te whānuitanga 25-35%.

ngā whirihoranga

kia te muka aronui generators ngaru tonu (aratau hake) kotahi multimode ranei. Singlemode hua kurupae kounga tiketike mō ngā rauemi, mahi te tuku i te kurupae i roto i te huru ranei, a taea lasers multimode muka ahumahi whakaputa atu te mana. Kei te whakamahia te reira mo te tuhi me te fehokotaki'anga, a i roto i ngā, mo te maimoatanga wera, i reira rauhanga he wāhi nui te.

Ko te nuinga te taiaho muka roa taputapu Manatü-tonu te tikanga hākonamano momo ngātere whakaputa. Ko te tikanga ko reira te huringa ohipa ko 10%. arata'i tenei ki te mana tihi runga ake i te aratau tonu (te nuinga tekau wā) whakamahia e te, mo te tauira, mo te kōhao pākau i. pea te auautanga 500 Hz, i runga i te roanga rānei.

Q-whakawhitinga i roto i lasers muka mahi hoki rite i roto i te nuinga. Ko te roanga pini angamaheni i roto i te whānuitanga o nanoseconds ki microseconds. Ko te roa o te muka, i te roa e te reira mo Q-whakawhitinga o te radiation putanga, hua i roto i roa te pini.

āhuatanga muka e te tahi mau whāititanga i runga i te puoro Q. Ko atu tino te nonlinearity o te taiaho muka te mea o te wāhi iti ripeka-motu o te matua, kia kia kia ahua iti te mana tihi. Ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te whakakā rānei Q rōrahi, e whakarato mahi teitei, modulators whatu, e kua hono ki te pito o te wahi kaha ranei.

Ka taea te rahi roa'tu, ngātere Q-whakawhiti i roto i te muka ranei i roto i te resonator kōhao. Ka taea te kitea tētahi tauira o te muri i roto i te National whaihanga Matatini o whakamātautau karihi (nKi, Livermore, CA), i reira te taiaho muka ko te oscillator ariki mo 192 kurupae. ngātere iti i roto i te papa nui o te karaihe doped rahi roa'tu, ki megajoules.

I roto i te lasers muka ki tukutahitanga tāruarua auau tei runga i te roa o te rauemi whakaū, pera i roto i te tahi atu aratau o iahiko tukutahitanga me tei pini roanga i runga i te kaha ki te whakarei ake puta. Ko te poto i roto i te whānuitanga o te 50 FS, me tino angamaheni - i roto i te whānuitanga o 100 FS.

I waenganui ytterbium me te muka erbium, i reira he he rerekētanga nui, ai mahi ratou i roto i ngā momo purara. muka Erbium-doped emitting i 1550 nm i roto i te rohe o te purara anomalous. Tenei taea solitons. Ko Itterbievye muka i roto i te purara pai noa ranei; rite ki te hua, whakaputa ratou ngātere ki puoro auau rārangi korerotia. Ka rite ki te hua o Bragg pae kupenga kia hiahia ai ki te kōpeke te roa pini.

He maha ngā huarahi ki te whakarerekē i te ngātere muka-taiaho, i roto i ngā mo rangahau picosecond ultrafast. Ka taea te hangaia muka karaihe Photonic ki otaota iti rawa hoki ngā pānga nonlinear kaha, pērā i hoki supercontinuum whakatupuranga. I roto i te rerekē, ano e taea te hangaia nga tioata photonic ki rawa nui matua-aratau kotahi i roto i te tikanga ki te karo pānga nonlinear i mana tiketike.

Ngāwari te muka karaihe photonic ki matua nui i hanga hoki tono tono mana tiketike. Ko tētahi o nga tikanga he tauhia āta o te muka ki te tango i tetahi e hiahiatia aratau tikanga teitei i te pupuri i te aratau hake taketake. hanga te linearity-kore ngā hawarite; a na roto i te tango i te auau o te kotuituitanga, ka taea e koe te hanga i tētahi wavelengths poto me te roa. Ka taea hoki e pānga nonlinear hua pini kōpeketanga, e arata'i ki te heru ahua auau.

Ko te pūtake supercontinuum rite ngātere poto rawa te whakaputa i te tūāwhiorangi tonu i roto i te wāhanga puoro. Hei tauira, i te tuatahi 6 ngātere PS i 1050 nm, e hanga te tūāwhiorangi taiaho ytterbium muka whiwhi i roto i te whānui i te hihi katinga ki neke atu i te 1600 nm. Ko tētahi atu pūtake o te puna erbium-supercontinuum IR-mäminga i te roangaru o te 1550 nm.

mana High

Ko tēnei wā Ahumahi te kiritaki nui o lasers muka. I roto i te tono tiketike tika inaianei pai te mana o te tikanga o watt whakamahia i roto i te ahumahi automotive. Kei te neke te ahumahi automotive ki te hanga o te waka maitai nui-kaha ki te whakatau i nga whakaritenga o te mauroa me te he ngā ngāwari ki nui ōhanga wahie. Ko te tino uaua taputapu mīhini tikanga, hei tauira, Kilisimasi rua i roto i tenei momo o te rino, me nga puna o te radiation mārama kia ngāwari ai.

he maha o painga tapahi muka whakarewa taiaho, whakaritea ki ētahi atu momo o te generator aronui he. Hei tauira, whenumi pai waveband tata-pōkākā konganuku. Ka taea te hoatu kurupae i roto i te muka, e taea ai te karetao ki te neke māmā te arotahi ka tapahi me te kōhao.

muka whatu i makona nga whakaritenga rawa hoki te mana. Weapons US Navy, whakamatauria i roto i 2014, ngā o te 6-muka lasers 5.5-kirowati ngā i roto i te kotahi kurupae me anaana i roto i te pūnaha whatu hanga. I whakamahia 33 wae Kw ki te hinga i te waka irirangi unmanned. Ahakoa kore te mea te kurupae he-aratau kotahi, ko te pūnaha o te moni, rite taea reira ki te hanga i te taiaho muka ki o ratou ringa i roto i o paerewa, kai wātea.

Ko te mana kotahi-aratau teitei puna marama pipiri o IPG Photonics he 10 Kw. Ko te oscillator ariki hua he Watt o te mana whatu, tukua nei te ki tīwerawera atamira mäminga i 1018 nm ki te marama o te tahi atu lasers muka. Ko te pūnaha katoa e te rahi o rua refrigerators.

Ko te whakamahi o lasers muka e atu hoki ki te tapahi te mana nui, me te fehokotaki'anga. Hei tauira, whakakapi ratou resistance kakano ia whārangi maitai whakaoti i te raruraru o te deformation o te rauemi. mana Power me ētahi atu tawhā taea ānau whakairo rawa pau, rawa nga koki.

Ko te taiaho multimode muka kaha tino - mō te tapahi konganuku i te kaiwhakanao kotahi - ki runga ki te 100 Kw. E hāngai ana te pūnaha i runga i te huinga o te kurupae incoherent, na e kore te reira super-kounga teitei kurupae. hanga ana tēnei ātete lasers muka ātaahua mō te ahumahi.

kōhao raima

Ka taea te whakamahi Multimode muka taiaho putanga o 4 Kw mō te tuhi me te kōhao raima. He aha te mahi i te reira? A, no te e ngana Engineers ki te whakatutuki i resistance rū o whare ngā, ki kia tino tupato ki te raima. A, no te tāuta i roto reira, pērā i maitai ngā percussion tikanga kōhao kia meinga kohakore, me te haaparuparu i te raima, engari tapahia lasers muka, kahore kuru reira.

Lasers ki te muka Q-whakawhiti whakamahia mō te tauira mō te tapanga ranei i te hanga o te hikohiko Semiconductor. Kei te whakamahia hoki ratou i roto i Finders ngā: kōwae Ko te rahi o te ringa i roto i lasers muka kanohi-haumaru nei putanga, ko te 4 Kw, te auau o te 50 kHz me te roanga pini o 5-15 NS.

maimoatanga mata

He he nui te pānga i roto i lasers muka iti mō te moroiti, me te nanoprocessing. A, no te tango i te apa mata, ki te ko te roanga pini poto atu i 35 PS, kahore rauemi riringi. ārai tenei te hanganga o dimples me ētahi atu mau tao'ao houhou. Ko te ngātere i roto i te tikanga femtosecond hua pānga nonlinear kore e tairongo ki te roangaru i a kahore he wera te rohe e karapoti ana, tuku ki te mahi, kahore kino nui ranei he vaivai o te wāhi e karapoti ana. I tua atu, kia tapahia rua ki te hohonu tiketike ki te whanui - hei tauira, hohoro (i roto i te torutoru hākonamano) rua iti 1 mm o te whakamahi i te kowiri tira ngātere 800-FS ki te auautanga o te 1 MHz.

Ko reira taea hoki ki te whakaputa i ngā rauemi mārama mata-tukinotia, hei tauira, te kanohi tangata. Hei tapahia he paki i microsurgery kanohi, vysokoaperturnym ngātere femtosecond arotahi piri arotahi i te wāhi i raro i te mata o te kanohi, kahore ai tetahi mate ki runga ki te mata, ko te kanohi e whakangaro rauemi i runga i te hohonu whakahaeretia. tonu tonu te mata maeneene o te taupoki io, i te mea faufaa no te kite. wehea te paki te i te raro, ka taea unuhia ake ki te puea taiaho hanga arotahi excimer. Ētahi atu tono hauora ngā pokanga kătahi pāpaku i roto i Dermatology, me te te whakamahi o etahi momo o tomography arotau whatu.

lasers femtosecond

lasers Femtosecond i roto i te pūtaiao e whakamahia ana ki te whakaongaonga i te raru hihinga taiaho, fluorescence hihinga ki te taumira pae tino, a hoki hoki rangahau rauemi whānui. I tua atu, kei te hiahiatia ratou mo te hanga o te heru auau femtosecond hiahiatia i roto i metrology me rangahau whānui. Ko tētahi o nga tono tino i roto i te wā poto ka waiho nga karaka ngota o te āmiorangi GPS o te whakatupuranga hou, e ka ake i te tika tūnga.

whakamana Single taiaho auau muka te ki te linewidth spectral o iti iho i te 1 kHz. Tenei pūrere faahiahia ki te mana radiation putanga iti i te 10 MW ki 1W. Ka kimi tono i roto i te mara o te kōrero, metrology (hei tauira, i roto i gyroscopes muka) me te hihinga.

He aha te i muri?

Ko ētahi atu taupānga rangahau, he reira tonu e ako he rota o ratou. Hei tauira, ki te engineering hōia, e taea te tono i roto i te tahi atu wāhi, e ngā i roto i te whakakotahi i te kurupae muka-taiaho whiwhi i te kurupae tiketike whakamahi i te huinga pipiri spectral ranei. Ka rite ki te hua, tutuki atu te mana i roto i te kurupae-aratau kotahi.

Kei te tipu haere tere Production o lasers muka, rawa hoki te hiahia ahumahi automotive. Ano, i reira te mea he whakakapinga o ngā pūrere muka kore-kaiota te. I tua atu ki te whakapai ake whānui i roto i te utu me te mahi, i reira e atu mahi lasers femtosecond me ngā puna supercontinuum. lasers muka noho atu niches ka riro i te puna o te whakapai ake mō te tahi atu momo o lasers.