Hauwai

Kei te whānui whakamahia hauwai i roto i peka ngā o te ahumahi: i roto i te ariā o te hauwai pūhaumāota, haukini (te whakamahia atu haukini mo te hanga o maniua hauota), i roto i te hanga o te aniline, i te ora o tokahuke whakarewa kore-ferrous. I roto i te ahumahi kai te whakamahia te reira ki te whakaputa i utu mo ngako kararehe (mātiarīni). I roto i te hononga ki te take e hāngai ana i runga ko te hanga o te hauwai i roto i te taiao ahumahi.

whakaaro tenei hau e rite te kawe pūngao i roto i te heke mai no te mea ko reira te whakahou, e kore emit "haurehu kati" CO₂ i roto i parariraa, hua te nui nui o te pūngao ia wae taimaha i roto i te tukanga ngingiha me te ngāwari tahuri ki te mana hiko o te pūtau wahie.

I raro i ngā āhuatanga taiwhanga hauwai maha whiwhi e whakaiti konganuku e kua mahue i roto i te raupapa ngaohiko iahiko, i te wai me te waikawa:
Zn + 1HCl = ZnCl₂ + H₂ ↑: ΔH <0
2Na + 2HOH = 2NaOH + H₂ ↑: ΔH <0.

I roto i te ahumahi, puta hauwai tango te nuinga i te tukatuka tūturu me haurehu e pā ana.

1. Ko te tahuringa mewaro. Kei roto i te tukanga i roto i te tauhohe o te mewaro ki te kohu wai i 800 - 900 ° C: CH₄ + H₂O = CO ↑ + 3H₂ ↑; ΔH> 0. Me ki tenei tukanga mā te hāora wāhanga o ngā waiwaro ki te hāora i roto i te aroaro o te kohu wai: 3CH₄ + O₂ + H₂O = 3CO + 7 H₄. pae hopea ngaro enei tikanga ratou faufaa rite e mauriora rāhui pūwaro.

2. Ka taea te whiwhi Biohydrogen i pükohu i roto i te bioreactor. I roto i te mutunga o nga 1990 i kitea i te reira e te mea faaere whanariki pükohu, ka whakawhiti ratou i hanga o hāora, arā. E. ahotakakame Normal, ki te hauwai production. taea hoki te hua Biohydrogen i bioreactors, te whakamahi i, te kahore pükohu, ururua terenga. puta te tukanga e huakita e mimiti waiwaro, me te hua hauwai me te CO2.

3. tautauā rire o te Coke hau oumu. I roto i te tukanga o te coking waro rite e toru hautau: he totoka - Coke, wai - waro uku - me te hau kei roto, haunga waiwaro, hauwai rāpoi (e pā ana ki 60%). i raro i tenei hautau te ki tautauā hohonu ultra i muri i te tukinotia ki te rauemi motuhake, e hanga ana e ia taea ki te wehe te hauwai i poke.

4. Production o te hauwai i te wai mā te whakamahi i iahiko - he tikanga e homai te hauwai mahino: 2H₂O →-iahiko → 2H₂ + O.

5. Ko te tahuringa waro. I te tīmatanga, i whiwhi hau wai e haere kohu wai i roto i te whero-wera ki te 1000 ° C Coke: C + H₂O = CO ↑ + H₂ ↑; ΔH> 0, ka te nei i konatunatua ki te mamaoa haere te i runga i wera ki te 400 - 500 ° C whakakōkī Fe₂O₃. Ko te pāhekoheko o te waro haukura (II) me te mamaoa: CO + H₂O + (H₂) = CO₂ + 2H₂ ↑; ΔH> 0.

6. Production o hauwai i te faafariuraa o te waro haukura (CO), e hāngai ana i runga i te tauhohenga ahurei e huakita photosynthetic papura (microorganisms rauropi pūtau tae whero māwhero ranei taketake, e pā nei te ki te aroaro o ngā uhi photosynthetic). Ēnei huakita hua hauwai i te tauhohenga neke: CO + H₂O → CO₂ + H₂.

Ko te hanganga o te hauwai he wai, e kore e te tauhohenga rapua e pāmahana teitei, me te rama. e te tukanga wahi i te pāmahana rūma i roto i te pouri.

faufaa Industrial enei riro te kukuwhatanga o te hauwai i te haurehu hua i roto i hinu para.

Heoi, e kore e tokomaha mohio e he reira taea ki te whiwhi hauwai i te kāinga. Hoki tenei whakaaro e taea e tatou e te whakamahi i te otinga tauhohe o alkali me te konumohe. Tangohia hawhe-rita pounamu karaihe ki te poka puru, te ngongo kohu, 10 go o parahi pūkawa, 20 g tote, 10 go o alumina, 200 go o opupu wai.

Whakapaia te otinga o te konukura pākawa ngāwhā: 100 go o te wai i tapiritia 10 go o konukura pākawa ngāwhā.

Cooking otinga tote: 100 go o te wai i tapiritia 20 go o te tote.

He whakauru te otinga. Tāpiri ki te ranunga hua o te konumohe. Kia i roto i te ipu puta slurry ma tāpiri ki te ngongo, me te poihau whakakiia ai ki te hauwai tipu A.

Kia whai whakaaro! Me anake tenei wheako ki te whakapau waho. E hiahiatia ana whakahaere i te pāmahana, mai e wahi te tauhohe ki te kukuwhatanga o te wera me te taea te tiki i roto i o te mana.

kia hoki e maharatia te reira i taua hauwai, ki te te konatunatua reira ki te rangi, hanga ranunga Explosive, e kiia nei ko detonating hau (e rua nga wahi hauwai me te kotahi wahi hāora). Ki te ki tenei ranunga whakakā, ka pahū te reira.