Yuri Khmelnitsky: biography poto, tōrangapū, i roto i te rangatiratanga

Ko tētahi o nga whika tino tautohetia i roto i te aamu Ukrainian ko Yuri Khmelnitsky. Tama o te kōrero nui riro Bogdan he whakaaro e diverges nui, i runga i to ratou tūranga wä rānei. Ko whakaae katoa o ratou e te tama a tona aravihi nui iho ki tona papa. Haurongo Yuriya Hmelnitskogo ka hei te kaupapa o te whakaaro matou.

tamarikitanga

whanau Yuri Khmelnitsky i huri noa 1641 i runga i te pāmu e tata ana Chigirina Saturdays i roto i te utuafare o te rangatira nui iti Ukrainian Bogdan (Zinovy) Khmelnitsky ko Anna Semyonovna Somko, tuahine o te heke mai hetman mahi Yakov Somko. Haunga ia, i whitu atu tamariki te whānau: 3 tamaroa e, me te 4 ngā kōtiro.

Mō te tau wawe ora tata Yuri tetahi mea o te mohiotia, ki te kahore e ia noho ki tona papa, me te whaea i te pāmu te kāinga.

ora Family Khmelnytsky me te katoa o te Commonwealth kua puta ke tino mai 1647, ka hanga Saturdays muru marau rangatira nui hoariri whaiaro Bogdan Daniel Czapliński. kua ururuatia ia te whenua, ka te upoko o te utuafare atu i te kāinga, ka whiua hawhe ki te mate tetahi o ana tama.

whakaoranga pakanga

Ehara i te kimi i te kaunihera tika ki te haavî rangatira, Bohdan Khmelnytsky i te timatanga o 1648 i roto i te Ukraine pupū he whakatikanga ake rongonui ki ture Polish. Ko te kaha te taraiwa matua o te whakatikanga ake te Zaporozhye Cossacks, e hetman i te taua tau i pōtitia Bogdan Zinovy.

i mīharo nga angitu tuatahi o te whakatikanga ake, ka rite ki te ope Cossack i haumi ki te Crimean Tatars whakahaere ki te whakahaere te nuinga o Ukraine hakari-ra. Tonu e kore i pera mātanga kaitōrangapū Bogdan Khmelnitsky, a rite he kēmu hua-whāriki me te raupapa o ketanga i takoha i roto i 1651 ki te haina i te ao Belotserkovskii disadvantageous e auraa te mate o te wahi nui o te rohe.

Bohdan Khmelnytsky kitenga e kahore te hoa kaha e kore he reira ki te riro i te whawhai. I te Pereiaslav Rada i Hānuere 1654 whakaae te whakatau i runga i te whakatamarikitanga o raraunga Russian kingi. I muri i taua, ko Russia i whawhai ki Poland.

Yuri Khmelnitsky, pērā tona tuakana Timosha, e tika ana ki te kōhungahunga, he wahi tika i roto i te pakanga o tona papa i kore manako. I muri i patua Timosha i roto i 1653 i roto i te pakanga i roto i Moldova, ko Yuri anake te tama a Bogdana Hmelnitskogo, pera i mate ona teina mua. I tonoa e ia ki tona papa, ki te ako i roto i Kiev collegium.

I muri whakaoti ana rangahau i te tau o ono ki te āwhina o tona papa, i whakapuakina Yuri Khmelnitsky Hetman. E ko, Bogdan he rite reira ki te whiwhi te mana i muri i tona matenga, i tupu i roto i te 1657 i te patunga i.

I muri i te matenga o tona papa

Yuri ono tau tawhito i muri i te matenga ohorere o tona papa i kore rite ki te tango i runga i te whakahaere o te kāwanatanga. Ahakoa karangatia wahi o nga Cossacks hetman ia, engari i whiriwhiria e Chigirinskaya Rada haihana te matenga o te kalake whānui (te orotahi o te tumuaki Pākehā) Ivana Vygovskogo. i takoha Yury Bogdanovich ki te tangohia te mana i roto i te manakohia o te kaitono atu mātanga.

Ivan Vygovskyy mai arahina motuhake o te kaupapa here kāwanatanga Russian nga ra wawe. whakapono ia e takahi ana i te tsar Russian nga whakaaetanga tuatahi i runga i te uniana. haere Vygovskyy ki te maungārongo ki a Poland, e ua hope i roto i te mutunga o te kirimana Hadiach 1658. whakaratohia te reira mo te whakauru o Ukraine (duchy rahi Russian) i roto i te wahi o Poland, i runga i rite ngā ki Lithuania ko Poland.

arahina tenei whakaaetanga ki te wahia i roto i nga rarangi o te Cossack. He maha nui o kaumatua me Cossacks ohie i ātete ki te maungārongo ki a Poland, a noho mateaki ki te Russian mua. Ko te wahia arahina ki te ture te whawhai toru tekau-tau i roto i te Ukraine, he wā kua oti nei te ingoa nga wahi kua ururuatia. I roto i te whawhai i waenganui i te ope Russian, kua riro nei i te tautoko o te mateaki ki te kingi o nga Cossacks, me nga hoia Vygovskogo, i patua te whakamutunga, ka i takoha i roto i 1659 ki te rere ki Poland.

hetman tuarua

I muri i rere Vygovskogo, faaoti Cossack rangatira ki te whiriwhiri i te Hetman hou. i te matua keke i runga i Yuri o tona whaea tetahi o nga kaitautoko tino kaha o te Vygovskogo whakataka - Kānara Yakov Somko, e ia methyl i wahi o te matenga mua. Otiia ko te nguha matua te tama a Velikogo Bogdana - waru Yuri. rongo o papa, ko tona kāri tetere. A i roto i te Rada i 1659 i roto i te Ekalesia White i te pou o te hetman Yuri Khmelnitsky i whakaaetia. I roto i te kingitanga o Hetman (1659 -. 1685) orua ki te wā o ururuatia toto. Me kï reira e i roto i te tikanga ki te whakarite i tona whiriwhiringa, ka tono tangata Yuri ki te Rada i te Ekalesia White he tangata pono o tona papa - Ivana Bryuhovetskogo, i roto i te heke mai ka waiho i runga i te hetman o Mauī-Bank Ukraine.

I roto i te hou tangohia Rada he taumira i runga i te pitihana ki te Russian Tsar i te roha o te tika o nga mua. I roto i ngā, ngā pātai kua whakaarahia e pā ana ki te mana e whakakaha ana o te Hetman me te mana motuhake o te Ekalesia Ukrainian. Otiia kapea e te pitihana te kawana kingi Troubetzkoy. ui ano ia i te re-oaoa e te Cossacks e he ara atu iti i roto i rite ki te wa Bogdana Hmelnitskogo tika.

wahia e te Ukraine

I roto i te 1660 ngā hōia Russian i raro i te ārahitanga o te rangatira nui whakahē Sheremetyev ki te ope o te Commonwealth. Ki te kawana i ia ki te uru Yuri Khmelnitsky ki tona Cossacks, engari ruarua i hoki o te wehi. I te mutunga o ia, a ka karapotia ia e hōia Polish, kua wa ki te whakapae ia Sheremetyevo i i.

I raro i te pēhanga i takoha Yuri Foreman ki haina i tētahi kirimana hou ki te Commonwealth. I roto i te wahi o te faaineineraa, i huaina ia Slobodyshche pukapuka. Kua tenei kawenata kua i roto i te maha tikanga rite ki Gadyachsky, engari whakarato iti haere noa o te taupori Iukereiniana, i roto i ngā, kihai i whakarato mō te mana motuhake. i takoha Yuri Khmelnitsky ki te tohe kaupapa o te kingi Polish.

e kore tenei meka i ki te oa o te wahi nui o nga kaumatua, me te mua. kihai ratou ki rongo a whiriwhiria Yuri mahi hetman Kānara Somko, i tautoko te rangatiratanga Russian. I raro i te mana o Yuriya Hmelnitskogo ko anake tika-pēke Ukraine. Ko te kupu, Kei te mau wahia Little Russia i runga i te rau tau kia rua nga wahi: ko te pareparenga tika o tētahi mohio Polish me tikanga Ottoman, me pēke maui - te mana o te tsar Russian.

hupehupe hou

E ngana ana ki te toe mana i runga i te rohe katoa o te Ukraine, me whakawhirinaki i runga i te tautoko o te Commonwealth, ka anga Yuri Khmelnitsky ki haere i runga i te Bank Mauī. Tuatahi, te reira wāhanga tutaki ki te angitu, engari i muri i haere mai he ngā Somko i te puka o ngā hōia Russian i raro i te whakahau a Boyar Romodanovsky, i tukua e te hetman tika-pēke he hinga kuru i Kanev raumati 1662.

Kāti te hōia Russian Khmelnitsky taea anake faaoti haumi ki te Crimean Khan. Na i roto i te wikitoria kihai i tona kaiaka. Ka rite ki whakakitea rangatira tona kore oti Yuri Khmelnitsky, i taka tona kaupapa here kua, kore te kororia o tona papa i taea e whakarite te tūturutanga o tika-pēke hetman. Na reira, i te mutunga o 1662, i takoha ia ki te tangohia te mana i roto i te manakohia o Kānara Pavla Teteri, a ka meinga e ia he moke i raro i te ingoa o tona teina, a Kiriona.

whae

Otiia kihai i te mutunga tenei ri tama Bogdana Hmelnitskogo. timata a Paora Teteria ki whakapae ia o hiahia ki te tango ano te wahi o te Hetman me Jury reira herehere i roto i te 1664 i roto i Lviv pa. i muri anake i te matenga o Hetman Khmelnytsky i 1667, i tukua e ia ki te mohoao, ka anga ki te ora i roto i Uman ohu whakapono.

Taking wahi i roto i te runanga Cossack i 1668, te tuatahi tautoko Yuri Khmelnitsky te takotoranga pro-Turkish o te hetman hou tika-pēke Pita Doroshenko, nei ka mau raraunga Ottoman, engari ka oho ki te taha o tona hoariri Mihaila Hanenko.

I roto i tetahi o nga whawhai ki te Tatars Yuri i riro ia, ka tono tangata ki a Istanbul. Heoi, ko āhua whakamarie te herehere Turkish mo te Hetman mua.

hetman ano

I muri kihai Pita Doroshenko Hetmanate ka piri te tangata whenua Russian, ka reira mārama he aha e mateaki ki Yuriyu Hmelnitskomu nga Turkey. te kitenga o Sultan reira rite te kaitono tārua mo te pou o Hetman. Oia mau, i te tirohanga o te Turkey, kei te tano e tano te reira mo tenei tūranga tama Bogdan. tukua Yuriya Hmelnitskogo āhuatanga ki te mea e ka waiho rawa turoro ki te ohipa i roto i te rārangi, i hiahiatia nga Turkey tenei, no te mea i taea e ia whakauaua titau tetahi mahi motuhake.

Na, i roto i te 1876, i whakaritea Yuri i ano Hetman, tenei wa i te Turkish Sultan. uru ia i roto i te pakanga ki nga Turkey Chigirin, a ka meinga tona pa noho o Nemiroff.

mahia

Ehara i te taea ki te whakahaere tino nga whenua Iukereiniana, timata Yuri Khmelnitsky ki te whakarite i te mahi o ana kaupapa ake. E tuhituhi ēnei ngā i roto i te whakaahua kino marama Yuriya Hmelnitskogo. kingitanga wā poto o Hetman mutu i 1681, ka tonoa a ia nga Turkey ki tetahi o nga motu o te Aegean.

He he he ariā rite ki nei whakaritea Yuri Khmelnitsky Hetman i te taha o nga Turkey kotahi ake - i roto i 1683. Ko ia tonu hoki te haurangi, rite i mua. Tenei whakapataritari te Turkish Pasha, e kawea mai George i roto i Kamenetz-Podolsk, te wahi mahi i ia i roto i 1685.

āhuatanga General

noho ora, kaua matatini me te fakamamahi Yuri Khmelnitsky. whakaaro haurongo Poto o tenei takitahi i te taha o tatou. Me mea e ahau e whakaae te nuinga kōrero e ko te reira he, tangata pouri ngoikore-pai, mo te wa roa e ngana ana ki te whae. Ka taea e tatou te mea e ko Yuri Khmelnitsky te tao'a o ngā ngākau nuitanga tōrangapū ke. kihai i taea e tenei pā tona konä, i hua i te mutunga o te ora i roto i te kaupapa whiu kiko.

I te wa ano, e ti'a ia tatou te mea e matau tonu tatou āhua iti e pā ana ki te tumu o ngā mahi o tenei tangata. Ahakoa ki te faatura ki tona mate, i reira he tautohe i roto i hītori.