Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich: poto biography

I te tahi taime he taurite ki te iwi e kua mahue te tohu nui i roto i reira te aamu, a hoatu ratou nama mo etahi atu. Ko te nui te wā e mea katoa i roto i tona wahi, me te taea hoki te titiro hou i ngā mahi o mua. Ko tētahi o enei iwi, nei feat i uara e to'ume'á, ko te hero o te pakanga o Chesma - tonu Admiral Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich, meka ngā o te ora nei e tapaea ana ki te kaipānui o tenei tuhinga.

midshipman Spiridov

Ko te rangatira manuao Russian tino Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich whanau i runga i Hānuere 31, 1713 i roto i te hapu o te rangatira mano o Vyborg - Nana i pa i nga Swedes e Pita e ahau i roto i te Pakanga Northern. I muri i te fariiraa i te mātauranga i te kāinga, tika te rangatira nui taitamariki, tūao ia mo te Navy. Kua i te tau o rima, tango pai whakamātautau o sciences whakatere waka, riro ia tona taitara tuatahi - he midshipman.

Kua I taua tau i St Petersburg ki te rōpū o Kapiana o kaiwhakatere taitamariki kua whakahaua, i roto ia ratou mo te wahi o te ohipa kaha, a mahi ana ki a Spiridov. Gregory, ka haere i raro i te whakahau o te rangatira manuao wheako me hydrograph Alekseya Nagaeva, rawa pai taukei te whakaaro nui o te pūtaiao moana. He tau torutoru i muri i tukua e ia ki te whakahau o rua gekbotami - kaipuke rere toru-masted mo te transportation o taonga, me te taunga. I roto i aua tau, ngā haerenga rere Spiridova ara i Astrakhan ki Pahia.

Ratonga runga i te Moana Baltic

I roto i te 1732, he kauvaka taitamariki, me te fafau whakawhitia ki Kronstadt, te wahi i riro i te ana'iraa o te midshipman wawe, tonu ia ki te mahi i runga i nga kaipuke o te Baltic Tāruru me āpiha whakaritea ki Vice-Admiral Pita Bredahl ono nga tau. Ko reira i muri ki te rangatira manuao tino haere whakangungu whawhai tūturu Spiridov. Gregory A., tona biography te tühonohono te ki te hītori o te kaipuke Russian i roto i aua tau, ka haere tahi e te tumuaki-admiral i roto i te ope Azov ki te kaipuke Turkish me hei wāhanga o te Don kahupapa uru i roto i nga whawhai katoa.

I muri i taua, ko tona record ara e toru nga tau pau i roto i te Te Tai Tokerau o Russia, Arkhangelsk, te wahi i te manuao hou-hanga hanga Spiridov te whakawhitinga ki te kahui, hei whakamahara ki a ia i roto i Kronstadt whakakiia. Here, i runga i te kotahi tekau nga tau i muri mai, i whakahau ia kahore anake te ara hokohoko Ōseni, engari ano hoki - i te mea tino nui hoki te mahi heke mai - parahutihuti kōti. homai tenei ia te whai wāhi ki te riro rongo i roto i te whakahau o te Baltic Tāruru, me tino nui - i roto i te porowhita rawa o te rangatira.

kihai i te hua roa i roto i te haere mai, me i te 1754 te whakapaipai tona kākahu ki Tohu Hei o rangatira tuatoru ana'iraa. I roto i tenei te kapatanga riro Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich he mema o te kōmihana kāwanatanga, e whakawhanake i tukua he Tūtohinga hou o te Navy. I te mutunga o te mahi, i whakaritea e ia tino o Naval Gentry Cadet Corps, te wahi i te paetukutuku te o te rangatira kamupene Spiridov faaineine mo ona admirals Russian heke mai.

Whai wāhi i roto i te Tau whitu 'War

Tau whitu tau 'War, he rōpū e, haere tokomaha o nga mana nui o te ao, a ka Russia ki, pau Gregory A. i roto i te Baltic tāruru e mahi ana misioni whawhai, i roto i nei whakahaua nga ngā mahi i te rohe o Sweden, Danzig, Copenhagen ko Stralzunda. A, no te, i roto i te 1761, General Pyotr Rumyantsev, e whakapaea te pa kaha o Kolberg (rohe inaianei Polish), ka mau te reira tānga, he reira Spiridov runga ratou kaipuke kawea ia e rua mano hōia.

kake ia ki te torona i roto i te 1762, mauruuru te taitamariki Empress Catherine II nga hua o te "āpiha faitotonu, me te toa" (mea e pā ana ki reira, General Rumyantsev), a ka whakatairangatia ana Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich ki admiral muri i runga i tona whakarite rite rangatira o te matua hoia o kakai. Ko reira he tūranga rawa kawenga. Ko te mau ohipa o te admiral hou hanga ko ki te whakarite i te haumaru o te kōrero moana Paratiki. I te mutunga o nga tau e whitu 'War, kua mahi hoki i etahi wa ia kia rite ki tino o te tauranga Kronstadt ko kakai, a ka riro te rangatira o te Baltic Tāruru, te wahi kotahi tīmata ia tona mahi rite te midshipman.

I roto i te imiraa i te kororia

Ko te nuinga mārama whakakitea ano i roto i whawhai Spiridov Russian-Turkish whawhai, i timata i roto i 1768, ka roa e ono nga tau. E tenei wa i whakatairangatia ana ia ki te admiral, ki Order o St. Alexander Nevsky a ka whakaritea rangatira o te ope o te kaipuke, tuku ki te tinomoutere Kariki. Mai i take ka haere atu Kronstadt matua hoia i roto i Hōngongoi 1769, me i muri i ono nga marama tae te kūrae te moana i roto i te wahi tonga o nga Balkans, te wahi, i roto i runga i te mahere o te pakanga, piri ki te kaipuke o te rua o nga ope, arahina e Admiral John Elphinstone.

I muri i te tahi mau wa runga te tino nui whakatika tae ia i Livorno-i roto i-rangatira, Count General Alexei Orlov, tonoa e Empress Catherine II mo te kupu o te ope manuao katoa o Russia, kei roto i te moana nui. I tona taenga timata ngā mahi hōia kaha, rite ki te hua o nei i horo e pa Arcadia ko Mistra, me te turanga hōia, kei roto i Navarino me Itilone. Hei ātete i te kaipuke Russian i takoha Ottoman Empire ki wahia i roto i tenei rohe i te ope nui.

Toa i te pakanga o Kio

puta te whawhai nui tuatahi ki te kaipuke Turkish i roto i te pakanga Pipiri 24, 1770, a ka huaina Kio whawhai. Ko te Eagles ia ki tonu mana tukua Spiridova, e, ahakoa te ähuareka ai whaiaro, tino wāriutia ana hei rangatira moana wheako. E ai ki a kanohi, tono Grigory i roto i tenei pakanga hou mo nga tātai wā o whawhai manuao, te tuku i te Vanguard o ratou kaipuke i te koki matau ki te mekameka o kaipuke hoariri, me te tīmata ki te whakaeke tawhiti poto i runga i tona pokapū. āhuatanga he whakatau taua he fatongia nui, e kore he wehi ki te tango Spiridov nei.

Gregory A. i roto i te whawhai i runga i te poari i te kaipuke, "Eustace" ka ko i runga i te mimiha o te mate, ka piti reira i roto i te Kuranoho whawhai ki te tino nui Turkish "Real-Mustapha". i totohu kaipuke e rua, me te whakawhetai anake ki tāpiritanga Admiral ora a ka ora atu i runga i te poari i te manuao "toru aroākapa". I roto i tenei whawhai ko te wikitoria i te taha o te kaipuke Russian, rite te ātete ki te tata whawhati tona hoariri.

Pai Admiral haora

Otiia tonu ki haere mai ko te whawhai matua, riro e Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich. ko Chesma whawhai i tangohia e wahi i runga i te po o te 24 i runga i Hune 25, 1770, he pono tona haora pai. Ko te rangatira o te matua hoia Russian o Kaute Orlov, mo ona hua whakakorekore katoa o te Statesman me rangatira hōia, i kahore wheako i roto i te whakahaere o whawhai naval. A ahakoa i muri i te reira ka haere ia ki te kororia o te toa i roto i te pakanga o Chesma, i tukua te ārahitanga tūturu i roto i reira ki Spiridova.

Ngā mihi ki nga nekeneke o te kaipuke Turkish i tata aia ia ki Chesma kokoru, a ko i roto i te tūranga rawa disadvantageous hoki ratou. E ai ki te admiral te mahere, i te wa ano ka tae mai nga Turkey i raro i te ahi pū, me te ahi-kaipuke i patua - poti iti utaina ki pahū me arahina ki te hoariri, i roto i te tutukinga ki e pahū ratou. Ratou kapa, peresevshaya mua i roto i te kaipuke, i tīpakohia e te tahi atu kōti.

tukua tenei rauhanga nga mua whakaturia ahi ki a unga ki te raro o te wahi nui o te tāruru Turkish, i muri nei i te Ottoman Empire mo te wa roa ngaro tona kaha moana. Tauanga me te ōwehenga mate faahiahia pau i roto i tenei whawhai rōpū kaikiri. Kei te mohiotia te reira e mate nga heramana tahi i roto i mua, i na'e iku te maha o Turkey mate, me te patua ki te tekau ma tahi mano iwi. Mämä noa iho - 1 i roto i te 1000.

kororia tahaetia

Ko te pono tenei, he hua ahurei i roto i te aamu o te moana e kore anake, engari whenua ano hoki whawhai. I taua ra, tahi ki te matua hoia Russian katoa hira noa atu tona rangatira - Admiral Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich. Photo peita e Aivazovsky, tuhituhi i roto i te 1848, me te whakaatu he scene o te whawhai rongonui, aroaro i te mutunga o tenei tuhinga.

I roto i te honore o te wikitoria kororia, ranei, rite ratou mea, "Victoria", whakahau Catherine II ki te hanga i te hahi (e taea hoki te te kitea tona photo i roto i te tuhinga), me te tīwae whakamaharatanga. Sam Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich, nei mau maitai i te whakakorekore, riro te Order anake o St. Anaru. hea te raiona o o te honore, me te kororia haere, kia rite ki whakahuatia i runga ake, te tino o Catherine - Count Orlov.

Ratonga runga i te Moana Aegean

Ko te toru tau i muri mai pau i roto i te rohe o Admiral o te tinomoutere Kariki, te hanga i te turanga o te kaipuke Russian i runga i te motu o Paros me i reira te whakahaere i te wahi nui o te kōrero i roto i te Moana Aegean. i tata rawa i āraia ratou te tuku o patu, me kai i Kariki ki Constantinople, me te te pā o te Dardanelles whakatinana. I roto i te 1772 Spiridov taunekeneke ki ope whenua, i hanga he maha o ngā mahi hōia angitu ki pa Turkish takutai, pa tonu i roto i tona kaupapa i roto i Ihipa, a Hiria.

toa wareware

I roto i te 1773, kororia ia Admiral Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich, he haurongo poto i ko te pūtake o tēnei tuhinga, ka tono tangata ki a St Petersburg i tona rīhaina. Ko ia e ono tekau anake, engari i roto i tona pūrongo tuku ia ki te ino o te hauora. Ko te hiahia take tūturu ki tonu i te ngā kaituhi ratonga whakapono i pēnei te hara mo te wikitoria i roto i te pakanga o Chesma kore ki a ia, engari ko te tino o Catherine II - Count Orlov, te ope i roto i anake whai wāhitanga hāngū te whawhai, engari kua tomo ki roto ki te hītori o Russia rite tona huru matua.

pau Admiral Life toenga i roto i tona kainga taketake o te rohe Highland Pereslavl, te wahi mate ia i runga i April 19, 1790. haere tona mate hia Russia, kua roa tomo ki te rangatiratanga hou, a whakamahia ētahi atu raruraru. kite te haere whakamutunga o te rangatira manuao whakahonoretia atu he iwi ruri me te tangata i tetahi atu - he hoa o tona, te taua rite ia, te aito wareware o te pakanga o Chesma - Admiral Stepan Petrovich Hmetevsky.