Whakaaro Kulibin Ivan Petrovich?

e mohio ana E rave rahi te iwi e pā ana ki te mataaro pūkaha tino Russian Ivan Kulibin. e kore e maha i rongo he kaitito i ngā anaanatae i roto i te wāhitau o tona ingoa: "kei koe rite Kulibin" Heoi, e mohio ana torutoru iwi e te whanaketanga IP tatini arai Kulibin te kotahi anake. inaianei e matau ana te ao i hanga te Town kaihoahoa taimaha-ohipa hanga o te piriti, me e te aha Kulibin whakaaro reira - e kore e mohio.

te tuakiri o te ma'imi

Ivan Petrovich whanau i roto i Nizhny Novgorod i 1735. Koinei, kihai i tana whānau ako iwi, a reira ko te kaha o te matini whaiaro-whakaako taranata pono tino!

vai Family Ivan i te utu o te hokohoko-tauine iti: ko tona papa he kaipakihi me whakapono Old, a rave tona whaea i roto i te pāmu, me te awhinatia ki te pupuri i pūkete.

ua Mai te wawe tau te tamaiti he aroha nui mo te horo'a hoahoa engineering me katoa maha nga tikanga i, e i taua wa i roto i nga kainga kahore i pera nui. Otiia e kore e tamaiti pūtaiao u'ana i hiahia ki te pupuri i ngā pukapuka, ka haere ki te pia ki villager locksmith whakaakona, tahuri me te horology.

wheako taonga, hanga Kulibin tona tiaki tuatahi, ahurei ki tenei ra i roto i te ao ki te kitea. tenenga Tiny mahi mahi o haora o te whawhai, me te he pouaka waiata me te whakaari iti. I mua kahore i taea e te mahi o te toi Nizhny Novgorod rangatira te tu atu ia Catherine II - hoatu reira tona tiaki, a karangatia ia Kulibina ki te mahi.

I roto i te tau 1769, riro Ivan he wahi i roto i te Academy o Pūtaiao, me i tenei ra tavini pono mo te pai o te pūtaiao Russian.

Heoi, he ruarua noa o te tenenga riro te ārai puritia e te ariki, me i te tika. Te nuinga o nga tānga me ngā tahora kua noho kaipūkaha hiahia ta'efakahoko.

Kia i te mea ruarua e mea whakaaro Kulibin, engari e kore arai whakaaro tatou.

pūkaha ngā hoe te wai

I roto i te mahi utu rau Burlatskii 18 ko tetahi o nga ara tino noa ki te neke i te marae ki te rere o awa, me te rite i roto i te wai pāpaku.

faaoti Ivan ki atawhai iwi i te mauiui, me te ki te whakauru i roto i te tima a engineering pakihi auaha - vane nekeneke. hāngai ana tōna parau tumu mahi kei runga i te tikanga o te kaupapa o kaipuke te whakamahi i punga me taura - maturuturu iho ki tawhiti i mua o te punga ki te taura ka whakatata te kaipuke. A, ia tetahi kaipuke utanga "i" ka akiritia te atu i runga i - a ki runga ki te raina-na.

tika tonu Kulibin te pūnaha. Na, hei utu o ngā kaimahi ki te taura te utu oko i engine (ko reira he wira ki matatahi 2) te whakamahi i te mana wai. hoahoa mau rave'a ohie, me te pakari, e e whakaora te mana ki rau o kaihoe, me kaipakihi - rau o te moni. Heoi, ara i muri i kore i whakamātautau angitu i runga i te kaupapa o te kaipuke ki te 65-Tew taranata o onepu hanga pūtea i hanga.

Kia aroha mai, e kore ko tenei anake te mea e whakaaro Kulibin Ivan Petrovich, otiia kihai i taea ki te whakaturia ake production.

Ararewa mō te Empress

oho e papaki ana Aging Catherine II i te fare o te Winter Palace. Na reira i hoatu Kulibin he misioni nui - ki te haere mai ki te ararewa mo te Empress ia ake.

Wīra huri te ara kihai i whakahoki kupu ki te huru matua ki te whakatika taura ki te tuanui o te whare i tino rahuihia. haere mai pūtaiao rauhanga ake ki te tikanga rite ki te mahi o te heamana tari ranei tightening te nati: tahuri te pononga te kakau, ka huri te tīwiri i roto i te ringaringa, whakaarahia a tukua iho nohoanga. Kia aroha mai, he ara aunoa ki tenei ra e kore e ora. I muri i te matenga o Catherine II rite maumau i whakatakotoria ia pereki, me te tika o te Kaituhitanga mo tona whanaketanga Kulibin kore ka. Ko ia tetahi atu kaupapa e mea whakaaro Kulibin, engari whakaaro ahau e kore e taea e ratou tamaiti.

piriti

Ki te kore te kite o Catherine II i kore ia i taua wa, i whakaaro ai ki te hei i runga i te tika, ko ano hoki te kaiwhakaū o te mahi piriti i roto i St Petersburg.

I roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 19, whakawhanakehia Ivan he piriti tino pakari hoahoa kotahi-whanganga. I tona tenenga, mahi ia rite nui rite 30 tau! Ahakoa te kore o te matauranga e tika ana o te pāngarau me te ahupūngao, ia, pohehe, kua whakatuwheratia ake i roto i te ara mahi ture hou. Ko te painga nui o te piriti i te meka e raro i kore i taea tika reira spilivaya nga kaipuke ratou ōrite.

Great Hēura, i miharo te taki tuhinga ariki i te kore o hape me hapa i roto ia ratou. Potemkin motuhia ia i roto i te moni ki te hanga i te tauira o te piriti, engari mutu tenei tautoko.

A 30 matahiti i muri, ko te kaihoahoa rongonui te Town Bridge, e kore ahau Kulibin i whakaaro tenei piriti.

"Ruau" o te motokā

I roto i te tahi atu mea, mea whakaaro Ivan Petrovich he wīra whaiaro-tīhokatia. I roto i te ahua ko reira rawa rite te motokā, engari ko rerekē te parau tumu o te mahi. taea te whakaaro wīra te pahikara ranu me te pereoo, pera i roto i te pānga arata'i te reira i te tangata mā te pēhi i te takahi. Ko te tenenga mo etahi wa i mahi rite te ha'uti mo te whiriwhiri, engari ki te tautoko i tona production hiahia ia, a kihai i puta mai. Drawings "koroua motokā" totohu ki te warewaretanga, tae ia ki runga ki inaianei.

Kaua e whakapoauau te stroller i whakaaro Kulibin me veloekipazh Shamshurenkova. Ko tona tenenga nui nui me atu ngā: nui te mokowā hoki e rua, a i roto i te veloekipazh hotoke tahuri ki te reti. hiahia ana ahau ki te mōhio he faitatau ngā: Leonty Shamshurenkova whanaketanga production, a ka mahi kahore tetahi, a ka i ngaro drawings o ana mahi.

Ko te prosthesis tuatahi

I roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 19 aroaro Kulibin ki te Academy o Pūtaiao o kaimahi "mohio-pehea"! Prosthesis simulates te e alangá raro. Ko te tuatahi te hanga o te Nepeytsyn whakamātautau - ngaro ia he waewae i roto i te huaki Ochakov, a inaianei ka derailed tona mahi hōia! Heoi, Ivan Kulibin e whakaaro tona waewae hou, a ka hoatu he tīmatanga ki ana whakaora hou! Ka rite ki te hua, i whakatairangatia ana Nepeytsyn ki nui whānui ka riro he pii rerekē Iron waewae.

pūnaha Rama whakarewa kaipuke, waea whatu, te kaupapa o te piriti rino ki runga i te Täingäwai - te rārangi iti o nga mea i whakaaro Kulibin Ivan Petrovich.

Whakaahua me tānga o tokomaha o ratou, kāore, e kore e ora. Heoi, me noho tonu te kororia me te mahara o tenei tangata faahiahia i roto i to tatou aau!