Sofya Romanova: biography, ngā meka

whanau te tamahine o Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich Sofya Romanova i Mahuru 27, 1657. ko ia te tamaiti tuaono i roto i te utuafare kingi. Tona whaea, Maria Miloslavskaya, ko te wahine tuatahi o Alexei me te whaea o nga kingi Fyodor III ko Ivan V. Will Sofya Romanova huru, me te tuakana, ka rangatira - ko te tuatahi mai i te Princess Olga i te rau tau X.

tuakiri

Educator Sophia Alekseevna ko he teolosia Himiona o Polotsk - tetahi o te iwi Russian tino mātauranga o taua wā. Ehara i te mea maere e to'utangata whakaaro he kanapa rangatira, me te tangata mahara.

I roto i te iho Moscow State, kia rite ki nei piriniha i te ora rawa tūmataiti tamahine. Tino maha, i kore marena te rangatira i. Te faaipoiporaa ki compatriots (ara ki Boyar) whakaaro i hē, ka ko e taea hoki te marena ki māngai o dynasties Pākehā no o ngā rerekētanga fakalotú. Sophia Alekseevna kihai i hoki i te hoa faaipoipo. Ko, hoko he ahua tōrangapū, wahia e ia te iho kāinga ngā o te tāmitanga o te wahine o te toto kingi ki te mara tūmatanui.

raruraru dynastic

maha tamariki a Alexei Mikhailovich, engari he iti te katoa o ratou taa ê hauora rawakore. Kua ite te kingi e rua nga tama mātāmua. Mate i roto i 1676, i hanga arii tona kainga te toru o tama, Fyodor, e riro Fyodor III. I mamae hoki tenei tangata taitamariki. mate ia i roto i te 1682 i tau 20.

hoatu Care o te ora taitama a te kingi ara ki te raruraru dynastic. He ko he pātai o te mono. Na te tahi mea i runga i te scene tōrangapū a puta Sofya Romanova. Fedor, motu ke i te tuahine torutoru a rua teina muri: Hoani me Pita. Heoi ka mate urikore te kingi, kia haere te mana ki etahi o ratou.

ko pakeke Ivan, engari ka whakaara ake tona hauora pakarukaru maha pātai. Jr., Pita, i runga i te anga ke, āhuatanga e kaha, pai-oranga, me te kore whakaaro o ngā tamariki. I tua atu, ko nga rangatira tama a rerekē wahine Alexis. ko Ivan te whaea o Maria Miloslavskaya, whaea o Pita - Natalia Naryshkin. Muri nga tuara o ratou riiwhi mahi teina i te mau utuafare i te boyars '.

Regent

Oddly nui, engari ko te ahua ngātahitia mo te whiriwhiri Moscow Sofia Romanov haurongo e whakaatu kua ia he pai ai kaha, ka i taea ki te kāwanatanga. I roto i te 1682, i muri i te matenga o Feodor III o, i roto i te pane a reira ko he musketeers toreretanga - hoia, i hanga te pūtake o te ope Russian auau i taua wa.

whakakiki Army MILOSLAVSKAYA, ātete te kaitono o Pita. whakawakia Sagittarians Naryshkins i te kohuru o Ivan, a patua te whare o te kingi. Patua maha boyars, e tu ana i runga i te taha o Pita, tae atu ana "kaitiaki" Artamon Matveev. Ka rite ki te hua o tenei wawaotanga patu whawhai rangatira whakaae i runga i te meka e ka whakahaere tikanga tahi teina e rua.

Otiia ara kihai te mea ngāwari i te whakakore i to ratou tamarikitanga. Na ka whakaritea e nga rangatira e e waiho te pai te Regent Sofya Romanova. Biography tamahine Alexei Mikhailovich hāngai ngā mema katoa o te whiriwhiri Moscow, me i Pipiri 1682 ka noho ia hei te Empress i tona teina.

Ko te ringa matau o Sophia

I mua i te mutunga Russian o te rau tau XVII reira i te maha o ngā raruraru roto, o waho nui. E haere tahi ratou e te poari katoa Sophia. a Romanov nui mana, engari kua tangohia te whakatau e hāngai ana i runga i te tohutohu o tona tino. Tata rangatira kaitohutohu ko ariki, me te takawaenga Prince Vasily Golitsyn. Mana, mahi ia rite matenga o nga karere o te tikanga (te orotahi o te Tāhuhu o Foreign Affairs).

"12 tuhinga"

ka te taonga tuku o te papa o Sophia i te raruraru Siu he wehewehenga fakalotu. kawea whakahou te Ekalesia i roto i raro i te Tsar Alexis me Patereareha Nikon. Hurihia etahi o nga Tokāteliné tuku iho me tikanga arahina ki te ātete inä o te hapori. Iwi kihai nei i pai ki te farii i te auahatanga, te whakapanga o titorehanga.

Sophia Alekseevna Romanov, tona ture ko te hokohoko atu arorau o te kingitanga o tona papa, tautoko nga kaupapa here repressive mua ki angatu'u ko. I roto i te 1685, ka mau te rangatira te pera-ka karanga "12 tuhinga". I roto i tenei ture kua tapa'opa'ohia te whiu i roto i te pā ana ki te whakapono Old. executions tukua, fakamamahi'i, herehere i roto i te taiepa o monasteries, raupatu o taonga.

Kua arahina Adoption o te "12 tuhinga" ki te tereraa o angatu'u i Moscow, me era atu pa nui o te kāwanatanga Russian. Aamu Lev Gumilyov, a he tokomaha atu kairangahau whakapono e ko te ture tetahi o te kino rawa i roto i te hītori o te kāwanatanga Russian kaupapa here whiu. Te mea faahiahia, i roto i te tau o Louis XIV i te wa ano ki a Sophia whakakorea i roto i France te ture o Nantes, te faaru'eraa i te kātakí fakalotu ki Palotisaní.

te rongo tonu ki a Poland

Ahakoa ka ko Alexis Russia i whawhai ki Poland. mutu te pakanga patu i roto i te 1667, engari kua kore i oti maha tautohetohe rohe. otinga takawaenga ki tenei raruraru, a ka mau a Sophia Alekseevna Romanov. I roto i te kingitanga o te Regent mai i te wa ka he hiahia i roto i te taumira o peapea roa-tu whenua e rua. Ki tenei whakamārama, i roto i Moscow i muri i te taenga mai Rzeczpospolita.

Ko te wheua o te totohe noho Hetman - te whenua o nga Cossacks i te Ukraine. Huri noa i te rohe me te totohe tarekatia. I muri whiriwhiringa roa i roto i te 1686 i otiia mutu te rangimarie Ta'engatá. E ai ki reira, ka mohiotia e Poland mo Russia Kiev, te katoa Mauī-Bank Ukraine, Zaporizhzhya, Chernigov, Starodub ko Smolensk. I roto i te utu, kua utua Moscow 146 mano moni, a ka hoatu ratou whakaae ki te whai wāhi i roto i te whawhai Pākehā tahi ki Turkey, i whakatuma te Rzeczpospolita i te tonga. mau Warsaw Volhynia ko Galicia, me te ki te kī i te tika o ona kaupapa Siu.

kaupapa Crimean

He putanga tika o te rangimarie Mure ki Poland ko te whakahaere o pakanga Crimean Russian ki te Ottoman Empire me tona pononga i te Crimean Khan. He rua ngā kaupapa. arahina rua Vasily Golitsyn. Wāhui o tino o te Sofia tautoko Romanov. haurongo Poto o te takawaenga whakaaro te rangatira tino tika.

I roto i te 1687, ka haere te ope Russian 100,000th i runga i te haere. Crimean Tatars whakaturia ahi ki te koraha, nui haafifi te ora o te ope. Ka rite ki te hua, patua te ope matua Golitsyn. Heoi, mahi i runga i te tika rangatira taha wehe ka mau Gregory Kosagova Ochakov a mongamonga Bugeac ope.

timata pakanga Crimean tuarua i roto i te 1689. tae Golitsyn Perekop, engari kihai i tangohia e te reira, a ka tahuri hoki. faataa Prince tona whakatau ki te whakahoki iho scarcity hou te wai. Ka rite ki te hua, e kore i te orihaere Crimean kawea mai tetahi painga sino Russia. Heoi, kua nui haere ratou mana o Moscow i te kanohi o Western Europe, ko ki nei Turkey te hoa tauwhainga matua ki te whakawehi te rangimarie me te tikanga o te katoa o te ao Karaitiana.

Whanaungatanga ki China

Hautoa Sophia pa pane Pākehā e kore anake, engari ano hoki nga rohe tawhiti rawhiti o te whenua. XVII rautau Pākehā katoa Russian (rawa Cossacks) i aru ki te rawhiti, tae noa ki te mutunga tae ratou te rohe Hainamana. e kore hoki te hononga wā roa ki te Qing whare e whakaritea e tetahi tuhinga.

Ko te raruraru matua e whakaae ōkawa nga whenua e rua i runga i to ratou rohe, no te mea tonu i taua pakanga i roto i ngā wāhi pātata. Russian, rapu hoki pāmu whenua pai, noho i roto i te rohe Amur, i hira rawa ano hoki i roto i te huruhuru. Heoi, ko tenei rohe i roto i te rohe o te mana o te Qing Empire. timata te päoka o nga tautohetohe ki nga Pākehā te whakapaea Chinese hoia Russian Albazin i 1685.

Hoki te māori o whanaunga me tona hoa te rawhiti i roto i te rohe Trans-Baikal ki tonoa he karere, whakaritea nei ko Sophia Alekseevna Romanov. i te tikanga pai Hua o te rangatira o te Poari, engari ko tenei wāhanga ki Haina kua meinga hei patunga kino i roto i te aamu o te Regency. hanga Qing whare he tino disadvantageous hoki Moscow te hainatanga o te kirimana. i tangohia Russia o ona rohe Far Eastern, te rohe Amur, me te te pa Albazin. I tū te rohe ki a Haina i runga i nga pareparenga o te awa Argun. hainatia te tuhinga i roto i Nerchinsk ka mohiotia rite kirimana Nerchensky. mutu tōna mahi e anake i roto i te waenganui o te rau tau XIX.

mate o te mana

Ko te tikanga pumau o te Regency o Sophia kore i taea e tonu. tupu āta Pita, a maoro, e whai i tona tuahine ki te hoatu te mana ki a ia. Ko te teina tuarua - Ivan ngoikore - i roto i te i te noa'tu o tona mana tiketike whakatangihanga a tetahi tūranga motuhake. E ai ki te ritenga o te wa, i te pae hopea ka Pita he pakeke i muri i marenatia e ia te tamahine o te rangatira nui Evdokia Lopukhina. Heoi, e kore te mea Sophia Alekseevna Romanova, he haurongo poto e whakaatu ana ia rite te wahine te mana-hiakai i roto i te hohoro ki te hoatu ara ki te tūranga ngoi ki tona teina.

I roto i te tika i te tau torutoru karapotia rangatira Regency ia ki te iwi e tika ana. kau taki Military, tae atu i te maha o kaikopere ka ratou tūranga hoki o Sophia ka tautoko anake i ona kerēme. tonu a Pita ki te ora i roto i te kainga tapa o Faahuru, a ka ana whanaunga ki te Kremlin piki kaikiri.

Ko te kaha anake e taea e whakawhirinaki i runga i te kingi heke mai ko tona takaro nga hōia. Enei Tuhinga i hanga i runga i te maha o nga tau. I te tuatahi, takaro te rangatira noa e fakakomēsialé hōia, engari āta waiho tona ope he ope paoro. I roto i August korerotia 1689 kaitautoko a Pita e te faaineine ra ia te whakaeke. ka mau te tangata taitama rerenga i roto i te Tokotoru-Herekiu Monastery. Āta reira i roto i tikanga me pōkairua, riro mo nga musketeers, a noho Sophia i Moscow i taratahi.

Life i roto i te ohu whakapono

I roto i te Mahuru 1689 na kua whakataka tuahine o te kingi, ka tono tangata ki te Novodevichy Convent. I roto i nga taiepa o te cloister noho karapotia ia e kaitiaki. I roto i 1698 i roto i Moscow i te ngaro o te kingi whawhati tutu strelets. I tāmia te tutu. mutu te tūhuratanga i haere i te he ki te noho i runga i te torona Sophia. kihai i kitea tona hononga ki tona teina, me te i mua i te mahana, a inaianei Pita, ka whakahau katoa ki te tapahi tuahine Nuns. Sofya Romanova, photo whakaahua nei mārama whakaatu tona huru nui i roto i te whare herehere, ka mate a Hōngongoi 14, 1704 i roto i te Novodevichy Convent.