Waikawa Palmitic. Āhuatanga, production, tono

waikawa Palmitic (ingoa tetahi - hexadecanoic) - he monocarboxylic kukū (fatty) waikawa. Ko te tino noa i roto i te natura. Hoki te wā tuatahi kitea tenei taonga i roto i te hinu nikau. e karangatia hākawa me tai o tenei waikawa palmitate. E rave rahi o te hākawa o crystallinity me rite ware pi. He te tātai matū e whai ake nei: CH3 (CH2) 14COOH. Na tona tātai tëtehi ko: C16H32O2.

Te kimi waikawa palmitic i roto i te āhua

Ko tēnei rauemi ko, rite he wahi o te nuinga o nga glycerides o hinu o takenga huawhenua me te kararehe ngako. Hei tauira, ngā reira hinu meatia 6.5%, te hinu nikau - 38-47%, hinu poaka - 30%. I tua atu, waikawa hexadecanoic ko te mema o te tahi mau sperm: i roto i te spermaceti roto 90% parāoa tohorā waikawa hexadecanoic cetyl pūhākawa, me Rōmāniana e pā ana ki te 30% i roto i myristyl Etera. I roto i ngā kararehe waikawa palmitic ko te hua mutunga o te kōtuitanga waikawa ngako i acetyl-ropu mai.

I roto i te puka o te glyceride waikawa hexadecanoic i roto i te hanganga he hinu nikau, he huawhenua ngako hua Hainamana me te American Te Tai Tokerau, me te Croton sebiferum Stillinga sebifera, purapura Rhus succedanea (he ware pi), he ware pi mirikonovom kākano Myrica cerifera, i roto i te Hinuwūru. I roto i te āhua free kitea waikawa palmitic te i roto i te purapura o te paprika i roto i tautohe Lycopodium me te ware pi cadaveric (te wahi matua).

ngā āhuatanga ōkiko o te waikawa palmitic:

1. huru (i raro i ngā āhuatanga paerewa) - tioata taekore.

2. titiwha papatipu he 256, 43 g / mol.

3. Ko te kiato ko te 0,841 g / cm³.

āhuatanga waiariki o te waikawa palmitic:

1. Ko te pāmahana rewa 62,9 ° C.

2. Ko te wāhi e koropupu rite ki te 105 ° C (i 0.01 mmHg. V.) A 167 ° C (i te 1 mm HG. V.).

3. ira Flash rite ki te 192 ° C.

4. Ko te kaha wera niho kauoro (i ngā āhuatanga noa) he 460 J / (mol · K).

He aha e nga āhuatanga matū o te waikawa hexadecanoic?

1. wairewa i roto i te te wai he rite ki te 0.0007 (i te 20 ° C).

2. wairewa i roto i te waihā ewaro, ko 2600 (i 7,2 ° C).

Ko tika wairewa i roto i te benzene me hauwaiwaro 3. waikawa Palmitic.

āhuatanga optical o te waikawa palmitic:

1. Ko te taupū hakoko ko 1,4219.

Te faaineineraa o te waikawa palmitic

Ka taea te whiwhi i tēnei rawa i roto i te maha o ngā huarahi:

1. Na te whātioatanga hautanga retifikatsii ranei i ranunga o waikawa ngakongako e kua rite i te saponification o ngako paraffins ranei hāora.

2. A, no te cetyl waipiro i te whakawera ki kotakota te konutai ki te 270 ° C (Dumas me Stas).

C16H33OH (waipiro cetyl) + O2 (hāora) = C15H31COOH + H2 e (te wai)

3. I runga i rewa elaidic (te waikawa hinu) ki te konutai waihā:

CH3 (CH2) 7CH (te waikawa hinu) = CH (CH2) 7SOON + H2O (wai) + e = C15H31COOH (tātai waikawa palmitic) + CH3COOH (waikawameha ahetiki)

4. Ki te te piti hāora waikawa hauota o 2-oktodekanonom:

CH3 (CH2) 15-CO-CH3 + 3Tukua (hāora) = C15H31COOH (waikawa hexadecanoic) + CH3COOH (waikawameha ahetiki)

5. ano e taea te synthesized tenei rauemi i te tikanga o te yodyura cyanide pentadecylic waipiro:

C15H31J + KCN (cyano pūhui) = KJ + C15H31-CN;

C15H31-CN (cyano pūhui) + 2H2O (wai) = C15H31COOH (taonga ahu) + NH3

Hea whakamahia waikawa palmitic?

1. Whakaaro rauemi whakapā whakamahia i roto i te stearin hanga napalm (he ranunga motuhake ki waikawa nenehake), puatakore teretere Paku me ngā, plasticizers me lubricants. Kei te whakamahia te tikanga o tenei waikawa mo te hanga o kānara.

whakamahia 2. konupūmā palmitate te rite te wāhanga o tito mō te tiaki ki te houku me te wai (te wai-repellency) o te kiri, ngā papanga, rakau, poke kore-mārama, me te āhua.

3. ano, konutai palmitate me whakamahia rite wae (he thickener) o te wharepaku me te hopi whare emulsifier arā, o taka Paku.

4. Ko te hiahia mo te methyl palmitate waikawa palmitic me etahi o ona pärönaki, hexadecanol. Ano hoki, whakamahia tenei taonga te rite te hā rauemi mō kai.

5. I mua arahi waikawa hexadecanoic tote whakamahia mo te hanga o pāti rongoā.