Te ora Whaiaro me te haurongo Tsiolkovskogo Konstantina Eduardovicha. Whakatutukitanga me te tenenga Tsiolkovskii

Haurongo o Tsiolkovsky he ngā kore anake i roto i ngā o whakatutukitanga, ahakoa whai ratou i tenei kaipūtaiao nui ko te rota. mohiotia Tsiolkovsky te ki te hunga i te kaiwhakawhanake o te tuatahi tauira tākirirangi, taea ki te rere ki te wāhi. I tua atu, ko ia he kaiputaiao whai ingoa i roto i te mara aeroastronavtiki, motupaika me aeronautics. Tenei pūtaiao wāhi o ingoa ao. Haurongo o Tsiolkovsky ko te tauira o te manawanui. Ahakoa i roto i te mau huru fifi tino, e kore ia e pai ki te haere tonu i te mahi pūtaiao.

Origin, tamarikitanga

Tsiolkovskiy Konstantin Eduardovich (tau o te ora - 1857-1935) i whanau i runga i 09/17/1857 i Ryazan, i te kainga o Izhevsk. Heoi, i ora ia i konei rawa roa. A, ia ia 3 tau, i roto i Ignatievitch Edward, papa o te pūtaiao, tīmata te mau fifi i roto i te mahi. No te mea o tenei, oho hapu o Tsiolkovsky i te tau 1860 i roto i Ryazan.

whai wāhi Mother hanganga tuatahi Constantine me ona teina. Ko ia te tangata e whakaako ia ki te pānui i ka tuhituhi, me te ki kia maheni ki te taketake o te tauhanga. "Tales" Aleksandra Afanaseva - he pukapuka i runga i ai ako ia ki te pānui i Tsiolkovsky. Ua haapii tona whaea tātai reta anake tana tama, me pehea ki te hanga i nga kupu i pukapuka, fifili Kostya ia.

A, ia ia 9 tau, mau e ia he matao i muri sledding me te ngangana kirika. Ko te mate, ko te he pōauautanga, i hua i te mate o rongo Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky. Deaf Constantine i kore hepohepo, e kore ngaro moni i roto i te ora. Ko reira i roto i tenei wa e timata ia ki te tiki wāhi i roto i te mahi. Tsiolkovsky i aroha hanga pepa ngā tau.

Edward Ignatievich i roto i te tau 1868 i mahue ano kahore te mahi. oho te whānau ki Vyatka. Here, i āwhina te teina Edward whiwhi i te mahi hou.

Mātauranga i roto i te hākinakina, te mate o tona teina, me te whaea

Constantine, me ki Ignatius, tona teina, ka he ako i roto i te toa hākinakina Vyatka i te tau 1869. Ki te uaua nui, i homai e ia whakangungu - i reira i tokomaha kaupapa, a he tino kaiako. I tua atu, i haukotia e te turi rawa te tamaiti. kite te taua tau te mate o te tuakana o Dmitry Constantine. ruia ia te whānau katoa, engari te nuinga o te katoa - tona whaea, Maria Ivanovna (whakaturia atu i runga ia photo), i te mea tino aroha o wheua. I roto i te 1870, ka mate ohorere ia.

miharo mate te whaea o te tamaiti. A i mua kahore i taua nui te matauranga timata Ziolkowski ki te ako kino. ka te ume nei ite e ia to ratou turi, no te mea o nei atu me te ake taratahi ka. Kei te mohiotia te reira e Tsiolkovsky maha kia whiua hoki o ana rēreretanga, ara ka i roto i te mātao. Constantine i te rua o nga tau i roto i te kōeke tuarua. Na, te toru te piha haapiiraa (i roto i te 1873), i peia ia. Ētahi atu Tsiolkovsky wahi, me te kore ako. Mai taua wa, mahi ia takitahi.

mātauranga-whaiaro

Ko te ka kitea Tsiolkovsky te piiraa pono. timata te tangata taitama ki te farii i te mātauranga i runga i to ratou ake. Pukapuka, pērā te kaiako wetereo, aroha wehewehea Tsiolkovsky matauranga, me te kore faaino. Na ka piri Constantine te auahatanga pūtaiao, me te hangarau. hanga Tsiolkovsky te tarai i te kāinga, me te he maha o te tahi atu mahi ngā.

Life i roto i Moscow

Edward Ignatievich whakapono i roto i te kaha o tana tama, faaoti ki tonoa ia ki a Moscow, na whakauru ia i roto i te kura o Engineering (inaianei MSTU. Bauman). tupu tenei i roto i te Hōngongoi 1873. Otiia kihai i Kostya i te kura, me te mahi hoki i etahi take unknown. tonu ia Tutor i Moscow. noho rawa painga Tsiolkovsky, engari tohe ki te matauranga. pau ia i runga i taputapu me e tonoa ngā pukapuka e te papa o te moni ora.

haere te tangata taitama i nga ra katoa i roto i Chertkovsky whare pukapuka tūmatanui, te wahi ako ia pūtaiao. Here tutaki ia ki a Nikolaem Fedorovichem Fedorovym, te kaiwhakarewa o cosmism Russian. whakakapi tenei tangata ahorangi whare wānanga Constantine.

Tsiolkovsky Ko te tau tuatahi o te ora i roto i Moscow, ako ahupūngao me te pāngarau timata. I aru ratou e wāhi, me te pārōnaki tuanaki, āhuahanga porohita me te tātari, te taurangi teitei. I muri mai, ako Constantine rehe, te matū, me te tātai arorangi. Hoki 3 tau kua taukei ia hōtaka kura wetereo, me te te wahi matua o te whare wānanga. Matua i tenei wa e kore i taea e whakarato te ora Tsiolkovsky i Moscow. ka hoki Constantine kāinga i roto i te ngahuru o 1876 ruha, ka whakawarea.

haapiiraa tūmataiti

Ko te mahi pakeke me ngā āhuatanga pakeke arahina ki ino o kite. tīmata Ziolkowski mau mōhiti i muri i hoki mai te kāinga. Te whakaora kaha, ka anga ia hoatu haapiiraa tūmataiti i roto i te pāngarau me te ahupūngao. I muri i te ia, ia hiahiatia kore nga akonga, rite whakamatauria ki te waiho i te kaiako nui. Tsiolkovsky tono i nga tikanga whakawhanakehia e ia i roto i te whakahaere o te mau haapiiraa, i roto i nei ko te whakaaturanga ataata matua. Tsiolkovsky mo nga haapiiraa āhuahanga i hanga tauira o polyhedrons i hanga o te pepa, puritia tahi me tauira ngā i roto i te te ahupūngao. Tenei roaa ia te ingoa o te kaiako, mārama whakamārama i te rauemi. aroha te ākonga akomanga Tsiolkovsky te wahi i reira ngā tonu.

Ko te mate o tona teina, he whakamātautau angitu

Ignatius, te teina o Constantine, mate i te mutunga o 1876 ko te tino tata mai tamarikitanga nga teina, na ko tona matenga, he patu nui ki Constantine. ka hoki te whānau Ziolkowski i roto i 1878 ki Ryazan.

Constantine i muri tonu tona taenga haere he whakamātautau hauora, i tukua nga hua o nei no te mea o te turi i te whawhai. I roto i te tikanga ki te haere tonu te mahi hei kaiako, ki te rapu utu haamauraa o te tohu. Na faatiti'aifarohia Tsiolkovsky tenei raruraru - te hinga o 1879 haere ia i te whakamātautau hei ākonga waho i roto i te hākinakina tuatahi porowini. Na mana ka he kaiako pāngarau Tsiolkovskiy Konstantin Eduardovich.

ora whaiaro

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky i te raumati o te tau 1880 marenatia te tamahine o te tangata nona o te ruma i roto i noho ai ia. A i Hānuere 1881, ka mate a Eduard Ignatievich.

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky tamariki: he tamahine, me e toru nga tama Love - Ignatius, Alexander ko Ivan.

Mahi i roto i te kura rohe Borovsk, te pepa pūtaiao tuatahi

mahi Tsiolkovsky i Borovsk kaiako kura rohe, i roto i te whakarara tonu ki te ako i te kāinga. i ia tuhinga, mahi ia i runga i nga tuhinga, Kāre. i tuhituhia tona mahi tuatahi i runga i rehe i roto i te koiora. Tsiolkovsky i 1881 i hanga i tona mahi tuatahi e taea te whakaaro pono pūtaiao. Kei te korero tatou e pā ana ki te "ariā o haurehu". Otiia ka ako ia i DI Mendeleev e te kitea o tenei ariā puta 10 matahiti i teie nei. Tsiolkovsky, ahakoa te setback, tonu e ia ona akoranga.

Whanaketanga o te hanganga poihau

Ko tētahi o nga raruraru matua, i nohoia a ia mo te wa roa, ko te ariā o poihau. I muri i te tahi mau wa ka mohio Tsiolkovsky e tenei raruraru ngā ko ki te whakarongo. whakawhanakehia e te pūtaiao tona hoahoa o te poihau. Ko te hua o te mahi ko Tsiolkovsky "te ariā me te wheako o te poihau ..." (1885-86 gg.). I roto i tenei mahi i tika ai reira e te hanga o te mua hoahoa faufaa hou he anga whakarewa kikokore.

Whare ahi Tsiolkovsky

Haurongo o Tsiolkovsky tohua nga ngā fakamamahi o April 23, 1887 I tenei ra, ka hoki ia i Moscou i muri i tona whakaaro o te pūrongo. Ko reira ka e puta te ahi i roto i te whare o Tsiolkovsky. tahuna te reira i tauira, tuhinga tawhito, whare pukapuka, tuhinga, me te taonga katoa whānau, ki te kahore te mīhini tuitui (i maka ai ki te iari i roto i te matapihi). Ko reira he patu rawa pakeke mo te Tsiolkovsky. faaite e ia ona mau mana'o, me whakaaro i roto i te papa'i tika "pure."

Whakawhiti ki Kaluga, mahi hou me te akoranga

DS Unkovsky, kaiwhakahaere o ngā kura pūmotu, 27 Kohitātea 1892 whakaarohia ki te whakawhiti ki te kura o Kaluga tetahi o "uaua" me "kaha" o ngā kaiako. Here i ora ai Tsiolkovsky noa tona mate. Mai i 1892 mahi ia i roto i te Kaluga kaiako kura rohe o āhuahanga me tātai. Mai 1899, hoatu ano te kaipūtaiao haapiiraa i roto i te ahupūngao i roto i Diocesan School o te wahine. tuhituhi Tsiolkovsky i Kaluga ratou mahi matua i runga i te ariā o te kōpana toko, Aerospace, koiora wāhi me te rongoā. I tua atu, tonu ia mahi i runga i te ariā o te dirigible konganuku Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. aroaro raro Whakaahua - te whakapakoko o te pou ki te pūtaiao i roto i Moscow.

I roto i te 1921, i muri i te mutunga o te whakaako, i homai e ia he penihana whaiaro ora. Mai i taua wa tae noa ki tona matenga Tsiolkovsky haurongo tohua e te utuhiraa i roto i te ako, te whakatinanatanga o ngā kaupapa, te whakahörapatanga o ratou whakaaro. Whakaako i te reira te kore mahi.

wā uaua te nuinga

Ko te Tsiolkovsky taumaha ki te riro i te 15 tau tuatahi o te rau tau 20. Ignatius, tana tama, tukua whakamomori i roto i 1902. I tua atu, i roto i 1908, waipuke tona whare i roto i o te awa Oka te waipuke. No te mea o tenei, i te patototanga matou i roto o te mīhini, me te maha whakaaturanga, ngaro maha tātai ahurei.

ahi Tuatahi, ka waipuke ... Te āhua e kore Tsiolkovsky i runga i ngā hoa ki te āhuatanga. E te ara, mahara te ahi i roto i te tau 2001, i tangohia e wahi i runga i te kaipuke Russian. mau Ship ahi, i runga i Hōngongoi 13 i tēnei tau - "Konstantin Tsiolkovsky," te kaipuke. Aua'e, ia ia e patua kahore tetahi, engari te kaipuke ano i pakaru kino. Roto, tahu katoa te rite te ahi i roto i 1887, i ora Konstantin Tsiolkovsky.

tohua tona haurongo te mau fifi e e kua pakaru tokomaha, engari e kore e ucheogo rongonui. Na tona ora i muri i te i ka māmā. Russian i aroha hapori mirovedeniya Pipiri 5, 1919 i hanga te kaipūtaiao tona tikaokao, ka whakaritea a ia he penihana. Tenei whakaorangia Tsiolkovsky i te hemokai i roto i tauwhatinga, rite te pāpori Academy Pipiri 30, 1919 kihai i manako ki a ia ki roto ki o ratou rarangi, me te kupu mahue ki waho i te oranga. Ko te hiranga o te tauira te aroaro kihai Tsiolkovsky maiohatia i Physico-Chemical Society. I roto i te 1923, Alexander, te tuarua tana tama, ka mau tona ora ake.

Whakaaetanga o te kaiārahi rōpū

fakamanatu mana Soviet o Tsiolkovsky anake i roto i te 1923, i muri i hanga H. Oberth, ahupūngao German, te whakaputanga o te engines tākirirangi me haere wāhi. Ora me te mahi tikanga ka taui rahi roa Tsiolkovsky. ārahitanga o te USSR Party ka whakatata te whakarongo o taua pūtaiao rangatira rite Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. Tona haurongo kua roa kua tohua e te rota o whakatutukitanga, engari e kore e ratou hiahia i roto i te kaha o tenei ao ki etahi wa. A i roto i te 1923, i whakaritea i te pūtaiao i penihana whaiaro, ngā nga tikanga mo te mahi hua. He Whiringa 9, 1921 ka anga ia ki te utu i te penihana, me te mo ana ratonga ki te pūtaiao. riro Tsiolkovsky enei moni tae noa ki Mahuru 19, 1935 I mate i Kaluga tenei ra, i meinga tona whare, Tsiolkovskiy Konstantin Eduardovich.

whakatutukitanga

whakaarohia Tsiolkovsky he maha o ngā whakaaro e kua kitea tono i roto i te tākirirangi. Tenei urungi hau mo te whakahaere i te rere o te tākirirangi; te whakamahi o propellants mo te meangiti i te anga waho o te kaipuke i roto i te urunga o te waka ātea ki te kōhauhau o te whenua me etahi atu. I roto i te mara o te kora tākirirangi, konei whakamatauria Ziolkowski. Kimihia plurality o kora rerekē me hāora, tūtohu ki te whakamahi i te kohu wahie: hāora ki waiwaro hauwai ranei Tsiolkovskiy Konstantin Eduardovich. Tona tenenga ngā he turbomachine kaupapa. I tua atu, kua whakaputaina e ia i roto i 1927 te kaupapa me te ariā o te tereina i runga i te rangi urunga. Tuatahi whakaarohia te tahuhu, retireti iho te tinana, ko reira Tsiolkovskiy Konstantin Eduardovich. E whakaaro ia, inaianei e mohio ana koe. Mua, me te wāhi haere - te raruraru matua i oti rawa e kua te kaipūtaiao tona ora katoa.

I roto i te Kaluga, he whare taonga o te hītori o astronautics ingoa i muri i tenei kaiputaiao, i roto i nei e taea e koe te ako i te rota, tae atu i runga i taua pūtaiao, rite Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. Whakaahua o te whare pupuri taonga aroaro te runga ake. Roto i te whakamutunga, e hiahia ana ahau ki te faahiti i te parau. Ko tōna kaituhi - Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. Quotes ia matau ki he tokomaha, me tenei, pea, e mohio ana koe. "Ko te ao kua he pouraka o te hinengaro, engari e kore e taea tetahi e ora ake i roto i te pouraka," - ka mea tetahi Tsiolkovsky. I teie mahana Kei tenei tauākī te i te tomokanga o te papa rēhia ki a ratou. Tsiolkovsky (Kaluga), kei hea e tanumia ia pūtaiao.