Russian-Japanese whawhai, Lyaoyanskoe whawhai: te kaiuru, te hua

ko mooni Russian-Japanese whawhai o 1904-1905, no te mea i te mutunga o te rau tau 19, tino ke nga ngākau nuitanga ka hāpaitia e o te Russian Empire. Ahakoa kihai i States nui o te ao ano ako pehea ki te mahi ki ngā take ka hāpaitia e tino waho te whakamahi o te kaha, me te, no reira, o patunga tangata.

Ko te take o te Pakanga Russian-Japanese

1. Whakapakari i o whanaunga hoa i waenganui i Russia me China. Kei te mohiotia te reira e ki runga ki te 90-doma o te rau tau 19, ko te aronga matua o te kaupapa here ke Russian i roto i nga Balkans, engari te whakapakaritanga o te auhoaraa e haamata i roto i te 1894 ki Haina. Kua whakaratohia Russia ki te State āwhina takawaenga i, me te hōia i roto i te whawhai ki a Japan.
2. Ko te pakanga o ngā ngākau nuitanga i waenganui Russia me Japan i roto i ngā o te mana i roto i te Far Te Tai Rāwhiti me mua.

hape rautaki me whakaora o te whawhai

I te tīmatanga, ko reira mārama e kore te mea rite hoki he whawhai roa te ope Japanese. Otiia whakapono tianara Russian e ka whiriwhiri Ahia ki nga whenua Pākehā, ka whakaritea he whawhai i runga i rua akina. ko he hapa rautaki o te hōia Russian me diplomats tenei. Ano, mua, mana'o te katoa ope retardation o Hapani (i te ara, he hape hoki), whakaaro ahau e runga i te Front Western ka hiahia te rota atu te mana atu i roto i te Te Tai Rāwhiti. whakahaere mahere Russian i na roto i te fakaongosia whawhai e tautohetia ana i roto i nei e 7-8-th te marama kia tutuki wikitoria i te moana, me te taunga i runga i te motu. utaina te reira i rite ki te hua o te mahere Japanese, te whakaaro taketake o nei ko te tonu patua i runga i te-Kiwa Squadron me te ärai o te mana o te moana.

Ko te ōwehenga o ope i moana

Russia ko Japan mo te maha nga tau i mua i i timata kē te whawhai ki te whai wāhi i roto i te whakapakari o ratou Munuwao. Russia i ite i kua i roto i te Crimean War, i whakakitea te faufaa o te angitu o te moana. Mā te tūturu o te whawhai i roto i te rawhiti o Hapani, kua tāutuhia rangatira hōia te mahi matua - te whakapakari o te kaipuke-Kiwa.

Ko te kupu, whakaaro tatou te āhua o te Munuwao o whenua. Ko rite te katoa maha o kaipuke o te Russian Empire i roto i te rawhiti ki te 1904 ki te 64. O enei kaipahua - 35 i hoki kau fakasio, tama'ii, kaipuke nui. kaipuke Japanese numera pai Russia. I whakahau ano kaipahua anake 47. Ko te katoa maha o te Navy o Hapani moni ki 87 wae. Ka rite ki taea e matou te titiro, te maha o Navy Japan nui te matua hoia Russian i runga i te kaipuke 23. Pea te mua i whakawhirinaki i roto i te painga i hangarau, heoi kihai i mahi i te reira. i tere, kopere pai kaipuke Japanese me i atu tiakina i matā hoariri.

Ko te pakarutanga o te pakanga

Ko te fakafokifā o te - tetahi o nga mea timatanga tino nui i roto i te angitu o te whawhai. Ko te Japanese ope, me te kaipuke kaha ko January 27 whakarewahia he whawhai i runga i rua tohutohu. Kia mōhio e mutu pai te rua te whawhai mo nga Japanese, ahakoa kua ngaro hoki te kaipuke etahi kaha. ko te po Japanese te whakaeke tuatahi. Ahia Squadron ngā o 25 kaipuke i roto i ngā momo e toru: te tama'ii, kau fakasio, kaiwhakamate. Ko te matā o te tama'i Russian "Tsarevich" me "Ratzivan" i pakaru, me te te cruiser "Pallada". Ko te unexpectedness o ngā hōia Russian tino kore i taea e ki te whawhai atu i te aroraa o te Japanese.

ka tango te whakaeke tuarua wahi i runga i te ata o te taua ra, i hua i roto i te kore haere mai tetahi 5 kaipuke Russian. E kore e taea e tatou te mea e ko mate te kino ki te kaipuke o te kingitanga, engari ko reira nui, no te mea kua whakarewahia te kaipuke hanga kino.

Hea i te rua o nga whawhai o te ra? Na ka karanga Na mohiotia Korean Incheon Chemulpo. I roto i te tīmatanga o 1904, punga i roto i te tauranga e tu ana 2 kaipuke Russian "Varyag" me "Koreana". patua nga Hapanihi te ope Russian o kaipuke 14. Ko reira mārama kua tāutuhia te whakarau o kaipuke Russian, engari hohoro hinga ratou, e kore e taea e nga Japanese tonu. Ko te rangatira o te "Varyag" Rudnev whakapono e ti'a ia tatou ia tamata ki mawhiti i te matikuku o te Japanese, me te tae Port Arthur. I roto i te pakanga moana papatu. kihai i kino "Varyag" whakaaetia i roto o te whakaaro o Korea ki te whakatinana, engari 3 o te kaipuke Japanese i whāpāharehia hoki. Kia mōhio e kore i ngaro nga kaiwhakatere Russian a i muri taea ki te tiki i te kāinga.

Ko te mate o Makarov

te kitenga o te feia faatere o te ope Russian e kore i te Kiwa tāruru i te timatanga o te whawhai haere i te whakamātautau i te whawhai. Hei whakapumautia whakangungu hōia ki te whakahau i te kaipuke i whakaritea te rongonui Vice-Admiral Makarov. a tenei tangata wheako whawhai nui, na i ki te akakoromaki tōtika ki te mahi.

I roto i te marama o tona mahi, kua puta ke te kaipuke Russian. tino nui haere Makarov te taumata o te whakangungu hōia, te Moana whakaarahia te whakahaere o te mahi. nui haere hoki mahi kaha, hanga reira taea ki te whakapiki ake i te maha me te angitu o kaipuke haere atu ki te moana. O te akoranga, e kore e nga Japanese noho noa i, e matakitaki ana i nga huringa kounga i roto i te Russian Navy. putanga katoa i te Port Arthur keri tonu. Maehe 31, 1904 te cruiser "Petropavlovsk", i rere i runga i te poari me te Makarov, i whakatangihia ake e te toku. iwi katoa i runga i te poari i patua.

Ko te wāhanga tuarua o te whawhai

Ko te wikitoria o te Navy Japanese hanga reira taea ki te whakarite i whakawhitia te kāwanatanga motu ki te Liaodong Peninsula nui taunga kaha. E te ara, i whakaritea tenei mahi, me te whakaritea i roto i mua, no te mea te iti ngaro Japanese ngoto ki Korea mai ngahuru 1903. O te akoranga, kihai i te ope Japanese whakahaere he fakaaoao tuwhera. Kei te korero tatou e pā ana ki te iwi i te rahui e nga kaihokohoko, kaimahi, a na i runga i. D. Ko te mahi matua o enei ope ko ki te faaineine i tikanga mo te angitu o ngā mahi taunga, maramarama kohikohinga.

Mai i January 24 ki Maehe 3 i runga i te uta Korean u neke atu i 35,000 Japanese. E ti'a ia tatou ki te mahino te toenga o ope Russian. Ko te katoa te kaha o te ope i Ahia moni ki 123 000 iwi. O enei, āhua 24,000 i roto i te Territory Primorsky. I runga i te Kwantung Peninsula i pā ana ki 30 mano. Mua 19000th ope tiaki i te rohe ki a Korea. Northeast China ko rohe rautaki nui mō te tsarist. He i neke atu i te 50 mano hoia o te ope kingi. ope Whenua whakahau e A. General N. Kuropatkin.

rōpū Russian i runga i te rohe ki a Korea mahi pē. Kua auraa whakaroa i rahua te Japanese ki te patu i te aua Russian 7000th ka hinga ia ia. Ka rite ki te hua o te whawhai, kua ngaro te ope Russian neke atu i te 30 pu, i patua e pā ana ki 3 mano hoia, a i ki hoki whakamuri 70 kiromita. timata Lyaoyanskoe te whawhai hoki i taka te kingitanga.

Jinzhou: tetahi hinga o te ope kingi

Ae, i whawhati i nga mua o tona painga i runga i te whenua, engari i roto i tenei i ratou hape. ū tetahi hoia Japanese i runga i te Liaodong Peninsula April 22, 1904. Ko hoki te maha o tenei rōpū e pā ana ki 35 mano. nekeneke Hapanihi i e kore ratou e tae ki te whawhai ki te ope whakahau e A. N. Kuropatkin me haere uta. O te akoranga, i matau ki nga Ahia whakahau nga tūponotanga katoa o te pokanga, na i runga i Mei 4 i roto i te wāhi taunga Dagushana taua 15,000. Whāinga: ki te taupoki ana i te ino i roto i Jinzhou.

fononga Japanese ki te pa roa 19 ra. Tata tenei pa ko te irava Whāiti i roto i te Territory Kwantung Rīhi. rōpū Russian i runga i tenei Tāmaki ko e pā ana ki 4 mano iwi. Mei 13 Ko te whawhai roa. Ahakoa i 3 ngā wā atu i te parekura Japanese, engari te whawhai i riro ratou. Ka rite ki te hua o tenei wikitoria, ka uakina e te ope Japanese ratou ara ki te tauranga o te heke mai. haere mai Northeast China raro i te mana whānui o te ope Japanese me hōia Russian i mau hatepea atu i tetahi ki tetahi.

tonu whawhai atu ki rerekē angitu, me te parekura nui hoki te taimaha mano e rua.

Lyaoyanskoe te whawhai

I roto i August 1904 toru o te wāhanga o te whawhai. kua whakaritea Lyaoyanskoe whawhai, no te mea hoki ki te toru marama e tata ana tenei whakataunga hanga he pa kaha nui. Ka rite ki o Akuhata 1904 ko te maha o Russian Manchurian Army 152,000, a ko ope Japanese i 22 mano iti iho i te tau. haere Lyaoyanskoe whawhai 1904 ki raro i roto i te hītori hei kaupapa e tino whati i te wairua o te ope Russian.

Ahakoa te tokomaha o raro, ko te tuatahi ki te tango i te ino i runga i August 11 haere ki te Hapanihi. hiahia ratou ki te haaati i te mua, i te iti rawa tino tutaki ratou i taea huarahi hou o ope tata ranei. no te kaupapa ki te ope Japanese tonu, no te mea ratou, i rite ki nga mua i nei kaha rawa.

kihai i taea e ki te matemate haere i runga i te ino, no te mea te tawhiti i te pokapū, ko te neke atu i te 7000 km te ope a Kuropatkin. I te August 19, tukua nga Japanese Kuropatkin wāhi muri i muri nei i reira ko te riri o te hopu Yantai. faaoti whakahau ka ite e tetahi mea kia tutuki ki te hoki ano ia ki mua. whakakitea Lyaoyanskoe whawhai, i ngaro te kaiuru he katoa o 40 000 iwi backwardness me immobility o ngā hōia Russian.

Hua o te whawhai

Kōrero e pā ana ki te whawhai i mua nei, i roto i te parau tumu, i reira he kahore tikanga motuhake, no te mea ko reira te angitu o te Hapanihi me te mamae o Russia.

rawa taimaha nga hua o te whawhai mo Russia i. Na, i roto i te Tiriti Portsmouth rangimarie o 1905 kī e:

1. E turai Southern Sakhalin ki Japan.
2. Ka whiwhi haea Liaodong Peninsula Japan.
3. Ko te taea o te rerewhenua Japanese i runga i te Liaodong Peninsula.
4. Tuhinga o hōia Russian i mua.

tomo Russia ko Japan te pakanga, te mau hopearaa o nei, i roto i te meka, ua tenei ra, no te mea he kawenata te rongo i waenganui i Russia me Japan i nga hua o 1945, kua kore ano i mutu te whawhai.