Rapunga whakaaro tātari hei wāhanga o te ahurea Western o te rau tau 20

ahu kaupapa analytic te i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 20 i roto i te whenua Western te aronga taumauri hou, e titau nanakia i roto i te whakamahi o etahi ngā, e arotahi ana ki te tukanga o te whakaaroaro, te matakana o te whakaaroaro ana natulá. Kua riro rawa whānui tenei momo o te whakaaro i roto i te whenua pērā i Ingarangi, Ahitereiria, USA. puta au tātari i roto i te rapunga whakaaro tata i roto i te tuhinga Russian, engari i roto i nga tau e 80 o te rau tau rua tekau.

Ko te kaiwhakatū o te au taumauri whakaaro te ki kia George Moore ko Bertrand Russell, tona Fakamānava'i wä - kaituhi o te rongonui "Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus" Lyudviga Vitgenshteyna.

Ko te āhuatanga matua e toru o te kaupapa tātari he:

• reductionism reo ko ki te kawe i te raruraru ngā katoa i roto i te kaupapa o ngā raruraru reo;
• rītaha huarahi, e te tikanga pato'iraa ki te tikanga tātari ngā katoa ki te ngā rau tau 20 o te whakaaro taumauri;
• nako pū, e ko, e hāngai whakarongo i runga i te raruraru o uara.

Tātari kaupapa o te rau tau 20 - Ko te matua he kaupapa o te reo. Pōhēhē tika ki hapehape reo, te rangirua o kīanga me ngā kīanga, kia rite ki kaitätari - kau muimui o te outlook taumauri hou ko te take matua mō te putanga me te whanaketanga o te "tawhito" rapunga whakaaro. E ai ki Wittgenstein, te mahi matua o te kaupapa, ko te ki te hanga i te pai taua i roto i ngā o mahara ki te reo, e pai te āwhina ki te whakatau i te tenetere ngā tautohetohe taumauri e pā ana ki te hinengaro, me te oranga, matatika, me te pai ai free. Ko reira no te mea ko kaupapa analytic i te wā o tona tīmatanga ki te whakaōkawa o te reo, ka tika tonu ona tohu arorau. Ko te otinga ki tenei raruraru whai wāhi nga kau muimui o Wittgenstein, Rudolf Carnap, Otto Neurath, Moritz Schlick. Me kï reira e, i mohio ai e te oraraa o te reo tino tika ahakoa whakaaetia, engari e kore e whaihua tonu te whakaaro o mau mai i te reo ki tona tino rawa hohoro pau, me philosopho. Hei tauira, he Kāore he reo pāngarau tino i roto i te ora ia rā, me te noa atu pera ka tuhi tuhinga kore-pūtaiao, tautautefito ki rotarota.

Thirties o te rau tau 20 whakaaro wā faufaa taumauri pūtaiao tātari. Ko reira i tenei wa Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn hoki i te whakarau whaiaro-utaina (i runga i 6 tau mahi ia rite te kaiako taiwhenua ohie i roto i te wāhi o te māeroero) i roto i Cambridge. Here a tawhio hohoro i hanga reira he porohita o kau muimui taitamariki o te ariā o te whakaaro tātari. whakaurua ngā whakaaro hou i roto i te pukapuka i huaina "Philosophical tūhuratanga". Ko tenei mahi te mahi whakamutunga o te ora o te philosopho, mahi ia ki runga ki taua mea ra ano tona mate i roto i te tau 1951.

Ko anō whakawhanakehia rapunga whakaaro tātari i roto i te mahi o Gilbert Ryle, kaituhi o "tohetohe i taumauri", "Kāwai" me te tini ke atu. Ko te raruraru matua i whakaara ake te kaituhi i roto i tona pukapuka, ko te pātai ohie: "He aha te hanga he pātai taumauri he taumauri?" Te whakahoki takoto i roto i te meka e te whakaaro matua o te rapunga whakaaro rite te pūtaiao e "te hurahura" hape categorical me kōpuku ahua o mohio. I puta ake i tenei pōhēhē taea te whakatau i te tohatoha rerekē ngā kāwai arorau o ngā ariā me ngā.

kaupapa analytic me ona whakaaro i te mana i tohua i runga i te whanaketanga o te rapunga whakaaro rite te katoa i roto i nga whenua maha huri noa i te ao. Neke atu i te wa, i tenei rohe o rapunga kua riro te au ahurea whanui, he kaha tonu te tūranga taketake i roto i te maha whenua Ingarihi-korero.