Peita Zhostovo. Elements Zhostovo peita. wheketere Zhostovo peita whakapaipai

Miharo e te momo me te momo o ngā tae, tauhiuhi i runga i te mata o mangu tae ranei ngarahu Zhostovo puka peita he kanapa tauira Floral, whakapaipai ki nga taipitopito pai rawa. rohi Fine me poppies ngangana, daisy cornflowers ohie, me te mo, peonies me aster marama nunui ngā ki te puawai unknown engari kahore iti ataahua. Manu me ngā pūrerehua, he momo o hua me hua titiro rite noho i roto i taua, taonga rā ohie rite ngarahu. Kia pehea te maha e kore e rapu i, e kore e kitea e koe i tetahi o te paepae kotahi - ia tetahi he ahurei! i matou i haere mai hea ki taua toi, pera mahi taua mea whakamiharo, i reira ka taea e koe te tango i te mau haapiiraa Zhostovo peita? Mō tenei a e pā ana ki te āhuatanga o te peita i runga i whakarewa, āhuatanga o toi i Moscow Zhostovo, ka korero i tenei tuhinga.

Ko te hītori o te takanga o te peita kararehe

Ko te tuatahi, kia rite ki raraunga hītori, me te whaipara, kua taukei te toi o te peita kararehe Hainamana. Rave rahi mano o nga tau ki muri i roto i te Shang Yin, noho Hainamana whakapaipai kararehe peita oko whare me ngā rā, patu me oko tikanga.

I muri China peita kararehe toi whenua patua o Indochina, Pahia ko Inia, Japan me Korea. I roto i ia o nga rohe o te peita kararehe tūāhua whakawhanakehia takitahi, e hāngai ana i runga i nga whakarerenga iho o iwi toi, engari ano hoki i tarahu i te wheako o toi i ētahi atu whenua.

Ka rite ki kararehe peita haere mai ki a Russia?

kaihokohoko Pākehā i roto i te rau tau XVI-XVII, hokohoko ki nga whenua o Tonga Ahia, kawea tauira whakamiharo o te lacquerware pania ki honau fonua tupu'angá. Faauruhia e te ataahua me te taketake o te momo i roto i te puka, me te whakaaro o ngā tūemi oriental, te whakapaipai ki te whakapakoko lacquered, ariki o whenua Pākehā tokomaha e tīmata ana ki te hanga me te whakapaipai i te whānuitanga o mea i roto i te "Hainamana" kāhua.

whanaketanga nui o ngā kaupapa production, kararehe whakapaipai ki peita, i roto i nga whenua Pākehā pērā i Holland, Ingarangi, Tiamana ko France, puta noa i roto i te rau tau XVIII.

haere ngā industrialist Ural Nikita Akinfievich Demidov i Europe, te wahi ka ia hiahia i roto i te whakaaro o te peita kararehe. I roto i 1778, i roto i nga Urals, Nizhny Tagil, timata Urals ki puta hī peita puawai ki runga ki whakarewa.

Tupu Zhostovo wanihi Painting i runga i Metal

Hanga i roto i te Urals me whakapaipai ki te kararehe peita pouaka whakarewa me ngarahu, ipu me peere, a ētahi atu taonga rā i hokona i roto i hokohokonga rohe me Krestovskaya Irbit kore anake, engari ano hoki i te ataahua National Makarevskoy i Nizhny Novgorod.

hua pea te konei kite reira rangatira Ural faauruhia teina Vishnjakova i kararehe peita ngarahu whakarewa. Vishnjakova pakihi whānau mai 1825 whakawhanakehia te nuinga rite te peita kararehe o ngā hua i hanga o te pepa-kāpia - pouaka ngarahu, take hikareti, pukapuka, te huka peihana me ngā pouaka.

Mai 1830, mutu te nuinga o nga toa kei roto i nga kainga o Tokotoru pāriha, pērā i te Toru tahi, Khlebnikov ko Zhostovo ki te whakaputa i ngā tūemi i hanga o te pepa-kāpia, ka whakawhiti ki te hanga, a pania e ngarahu whakarewa.

Ko te pātata ki te whakapaipai o te hī tukua ki te mahi, kahore takawaenga me te whai i te mākete on, me te utu ki te hoko i nga rauemi e tika ana.

History o te whanaketanga hokohoko

Tīmata ki te 30-doma o te rau tau XIX ki te hanga me te whakapaipai i lacquered ngarahu o whakarewa maitai i roto i tata katoa te kainga a tawhio noa. I tenei wa ite Zhostovo peita te tihi o tona rongonui. I roto i nga tau i muri i te revolution hinga koi te tono mō rangatira hua Zhostovo, ārahi ki te whakakotahitanga o toi rerekē i roto i te mahi ngātahi ngaio iti.

I roto i te 1928, ka huihui te ohu iti katoa o te Tokotoru Tapu, Novosiltsev Zhostovo me ētahi atu pa a tawhio noa i roto i te motuhake ohu "Metallopodnos" ki te pokapū mana i roto i Zhostovo.

Ko te wa uaua tino mo te peita Zhostovo, pera hoki te nuinga o ētahi atu handicrafts, 40-50s maitai o te rau tau whakamutunga. Ko reira i tino te tenei wa heke tuku o ngarahu, engari he maha ngā wā ka nui haere te hanga o ngā hua o te matua-kore hī tamariki. Zhostovo peita mō ngā tamariki - he iti rakau, me te whakarewa i te paepae, peere me koko pungarehu, te whakapaipai ki te āhuatanga takitahi.

hītori hou

a Khrushchev "koero" hanga he rerekētanga takatika i roto i te oraraa o te hī ika. I te tau 1960, i te mahi ngātahi "Metallopodnos" i anōtia a ka tona ingoa reira - Zhostovo wheketere o peita whakapaipai. Web i te kāwanatanga, kua whakaaetia te mahi tahi kaha o rangatira me ngā pūkenga mahi i roto i ngā whakaaturanga e rua kāinga me te ke te ika ki te tiki i roto i o raruraru wā roa-.

I teie mahana te kaha te mahi i te wheketere, mahi o kaimahi Kaituhitanga ki ona kaitoi whakapaipai nga fakamatala o whare taonga maha huri noa i te ao, me te te kāinga o ngā tau rangatira o te ahurea, te pūtaiao me te tōrangapū.

Āhuatanga o te hanganga

Ka rite ki kua whakahuatia, whakawhanakehia Zhostovo peita i raro i te mana o te peita puawai Ural i runga i whakarewa. Ko Zhostovo rangatira tukatuka tuatahi me te whakarākai ngā tūemi i hanga o te pepa-kāpia, i taea ki te whakawhiti ratou āhuatanga hangarau katoa i runga i ngarahu whakarewa. Hoki ratou koti, whakamahia ratou o ratou ake tito, me te wanihi copal motuhake.

No iti pānga i runga i ika me te whanaketanga i kei tata te pokapū o Miniatures kararehe lukutinskih. Hoki te hanganga stylistic atu tākiekina Zhostovo peita Rostov tohu me tohu Floral Ivanovo tānga miro, me te peita porcelain, kua whakamana i runga i te wheketere tapa tāone.

Mai te mea a pehea ki te hanga i te ngarahu?

E hanga Modern Zhostov ngarahu i roto i ara e rua: na roto i te takahi, me te rikarika ki.

No te mea hanga whakarewa whārangi tikanga i runga i poka aunoa motuhake reni mō ngarahu āhua paerewa me te rahi. Next, i roto i te press hiko i te tikanga o pakete motuhake me te pane ngā whakahekea seaming taha - interlining. He paepae heitiki ki te riro kaki, mau okeoke ratou.

Ka taea e Artists Zhostovo peita mahi e kore anake ki te puka oko ngarahu paerewa. Ratou kōwhiringa i reira e 26 ngā paerewa i nei ki te tīpako i te hoahoa tino tika ana. Na, ki te mea he reira ahurei, tangohia te take te parakimete (parakimete), manufactures titoa paepae. Ki tenei mutunga, e rave rahi pepa whakarewa ki te kutikuti ringa tapahia taiapa, e muri, i raro i te mana o te hama unuhia te ka patototanga. A, no te seaming mata hoatu i roto i te paepae waea motuhake, e whakarato ana tona kaha, me te ka hāngai iho mata hama.

Ka rite ki e rite te ngarahu mo te peita?

Kia riro te ngarahu i āhua, ka seamed, kua primed ratou e rua taha putty arā, o te kotakota, diluted i roto i te hinu whakamaroke. Kia paepae primed maroke i roto i te oumu motuhake, ariki gruntovschik orooro i te mata ki te pepa, a ka tano tetahi apa o putty. I mua hipoki paepae e rua apa tämata pango ngā o kaolin paru, karahīni, ngarahu Tatimana me te hinu. i maroke Ia paparanga, me te āta orohia. I teie mahana, e kore te te ara tuku iho o te tämata tono, kua whakamahia hei utu tūkino i te sprinkler wheketere oneone parauri. I muri maroke paepae shpaklyuyut te tu ia, me te maroke. Na ka oro ā putty paepae ki te kohatu pungapunga.

Na anake tono te ki te paepae peita pango i runga i te pūtake o te oki, a i muri i maroke te reira kotahi i roto i te 2-3 papa pani mangu wanihi hinu. Te paepae maroke, ka tihorea kawea e te artist i runga i te peita.

Kia pehea te mahi ngā tae i runga i ngarahu?

Zhostovo wheketere peita whakapaipai, i roto i te tua ki ngarahu tuku iho ki te papamuri pango, manufactures hua, e he whero, puru, matomato, me te puru ngā. Hei waihanga ratou i runga i te paepae mata he kahu angiangi o te kararehe o te marama. Tae noa maroke reira i roto i te reira, tauhiuhia ki te parahi konumohe paura ranei. Kia he maroke papamuri metallized, peita reira te tae e hiahia ana koe lessirovochnomu peita, reira whakarato kaha, me te ki tonu-tinana, engari i te wa ano he koroirangi, rite te papamuri translucent.

Painting i runga i te papamuri tae titau te huringa o te tae kia rite ki te āhuatanga me ngā tikanga. Ko te kupu, anake paku whakaritea kōnakonako me atarangi te iti unu.

Art peita Zhostovo paepae

Zhostovo kaimahi mahi brushes peita kirera motuhake me peita hinu diluted ki oki, me te hinu linseed. Kei te wā kotahi te mahi artist ia i runga i te maha o ngā hua. Hei ahu te whakapaipai whakamahia peita ma ki wanihi (gulfarba), tauhiuhia te puehu o te konumohe, te koura rewa pera-ka karanga ranei - diluted i roto i te hinu paina mārama paura kararehe koura ranei.

mahi Zhostovo peita e i roto i rua ngā wāhanga: zamalevka me te tū. I roto i te taahiraa kumea zamalevki artist paraihe whānui te hanganga silhouette matua i runga i te mata mahi o te paepae. Hoki tona whakatinanatanga whakamahi waimeha (razbelennye) peita. Na ka te maroke hoki 12 haora i roto i te paepae zamalevkoy tono rūnanga whakamaroke.

I muri iho, te tīmata ariki, me te kumea te whanau o ngā wāhi kanapa, haamau atarangi tae, me te whakatakoto kōnakonako e rōrahi foaki o te hanganga. Pūtawa o puawai, me rau koputaputa silhouetted rārangi kikokore. huānga Major Zhostovo peita, pērā i puawai nui, e pā ana ki te iti kakau, tarutaru, me ētahi atu wāhanga o te hanganga. Ko te whakapaipai mahi hou i runga i te poari.

Oti te mahi e toru oro ki wanihi, a maroke i roto i oumu, ka mata ā otpolirovyvayut ki te mutu whakaata.

tohu peita Basic

Nuinga o ngā wā Zhostovo kaitoi mahi whakaritenga puawai ohie i roto i te puka o bouquets, e rhythmically tauutuutu kari nui, me te tarutaru iti. Tikanga, nga tito turanga kėia maha ngā puawai nui, pērā i rohi, aster, peony, tulip Dahlia ranei karapotia e puawai wewete iti me te puku, me te hono kikokore ngā tātā, manga me rau. I tua atu ki te puawai kari nui, kawea te tahi mau toi ki te mua te hanganga tano violets, rengarenga, bindweed pansies ranei.

Ka taea te kō atu bouquets rite kari me te puawai mohoao ki te whakapakoko o te hua, hua, manu, me ngā pūrerehua. I te tahi taime whakaatu kaipeita ngarahu tonu anake ana kowaiwai o hua ranei tautau o hua pērā i Rowan.

I tua atu ki ngā whakaritenga puawai, me peita Zhostovo hanga te aamu e, te whakaahua e taea kite koe i raro. Ka rite ki te tikanga, whakaatu reira scenes i te ora o te iwi noa, pae, whenua, me te tokotoru hoiho. Na roto i te a nui, peita Zhostovo (e te aroaro pikitia i roto i te tuhinga) - i te reira tino ko te toi.

Whakaputa tikanga Zhostovo Applied Arts

I te tīmatanga, tangohia te hanganga mō ngarahu i i peita, engari i tona ake ratou tikanga o ia kaitoi. rangatira teie mahana ite tito inaianei puāwaitanga, engari e rapu ana hoki ki te kitea mea hou.

Me kï reira e i roto i ia mahi e tuhituhi tito peita Zhostovo i roto i te manureva, a kua hono ki te hanga i te paepae, e ratou tino whakawhiti hohonu here me te rōrahi unu taonga. He tikanga nui o te faaiteraa Zhostovo toi he naki me te tae toenga o te pikitia.

Ka taea e ahau te ako?

Ako te mea Zhostovo peita, me pehea ki te utu i roto i tenei tikanga, ko reira taea i roto i te Zhostovo. I te wheketere, i te hua i te mea rongonui katoa i runga i te ao, i reira e arahina haere o nga ngarahu taonga me ngā akomanga ariki i roto i te tuhi kararehe. Tata kua nga pa he umanga tāpoi whakahere haerenga ki te wheketere, i reira ka taea e koe te kite pehea ki te hanga i peita Zhostovo. piha Kaiwhakaako runga reira e hoki whakaratohia e te hōtaka. Ka taea te whakaritea takitahi haerenga ki Zhostovo, whakapā i mua i-ki te whare taonga me te tāpiri haora o te mahi.