Nabokov, Vladimir Vladimirovich: auaha me te haurongo poto o Nabokov

Ko te arotahi o tēnei tuhinga ka waiho he poto haurongo o Nabokov, Russian, me te kaituhi American, fakaanga tuhituhi me te entomologist. I roto i te tuhinga o te rau tau 20, tenei kaituhi kua he wahi motuhake i roto i te wahi tuatahi no te mea i tuhituhi Nabokov i rua reo - Russian me Ingarihi. riro ia te aronui o rua tuhinga Russian, me te American, kua hanga maha mahi i roto i ngā momo.

I tua atu, i te kaituhi Nabokov te tīariari anake i roto i Amerika. I roto i Russia i whakaputaina ai i mua i puruti'a i raro i te pseudonym Vladimir Sirin. Ahakoa nga rerekētanga kaituhi o ngā pukapuka, āhuatanga mahi a Nabokov e tapatahi, me te kotahitanga o te tirohanga toi.

tamarikitanga

haurongo Poto o Nabokov haamata April 24, 1899 i roto i St Petersburg. Taua ra ano, i whanau te kaituhi heke mai. Ko tona papa he rangatira nui tuku, he kaitōrangapū rongonui, me te rōia-ohaoha. Ko te kaituhi o whaea, Helena, ka haere mai i te ahua o Gold Rukavishnikov. I tū Childhood Vladimir i St. Petersburg, i mahue mo te whenua o pahata raumati te utuafare.

Taimi nounou ki mu'a te Oketopa Revolution Nabokov puta Tenishev Kura ki hōnore, e kore mātauranga anake, engari ano hoki i roto i te hākinakina.

hekenga

haurongo Poto o Nabokov tonu i roto i te 1918, ka ia ko tona hapu rere te Crimea, a ka, he tau i muri mai, mahue Russia ake ake. noho Nabokovs i Berlin. Here haere Vladimir Vladimirovich ki University Cambridge, a puta i roto i te tau 1922.

I muri ako Nabokov i 1922 ki te tau 1937 noho ia i roto i Berlin, ka oho ki France. Heoi, i pau ia e rua nga tau, me te i roto i te tau 1940, tahi ki tana wahine me te tama, e riro i muri mai i te kaiwaiata o te opera i Milan, puta noa i te Atlantic, noho i roto i te United States, te wahi pau te 20 tau i muri mai ia. I reira i whai wāhi ia i roto i te tuhituhi me te whakaako tuhinga Russian, me te ke i University Cornell. Ko te kupu, whakawhiti taonga Nabokova haurongo.

Ka taea te kō atu te whakarāpopototanga o te rā ki 1945, ka riro te kaituhi i te tangata whenua i Amerika. I roto i Amerika, he rongonui rite he entomologist hoki te kaituhi. Interest i roto i te kohikohi pūrerehua, i tūturu i roto i te tamarikitanga Nabokov.

Russia i nga mahi o Nabokov

haurongo Poto o Nabokov ta e i roto i 1959, hoki te kaituhi ki Europe. Here noho ia i roto i Switzerland, te wahi noho ia tae noa ki tona mate.

Nabokov hohoro nohoia he tūranga motuhake i roto i ngā porowhita i Paris a Berlin ka nuku ngā tuhituhi. Ko te nuinga e tika ana ki te meka i Russia, he tino rerekē i te tetahi i tuhituhi Bunin, Vladimir Vladimirovich tenei Zaitsev. Shmelev ko Kuprin.

I roto i Russia, Nabokov kahore pa mōhiotia kainga ranei. e kore e angamaheni mo tuhinga Russian ana pūāhua, e kore e taea te pēnei ratou ki tetahi piha haapiiraa. He aha te mea maere, engari e kore i roto i te mahi o Nabokov me whakaatu o te Oketopa Revolution, i hurihia te ora mua katoa o te rangatira Russian.

I roto i nga mahi o te kaituhi Russian puta rite te ahua o te tamarikitanga ngaro. homai Nabokov reira he harakore me te ao pai. Ko te ao oaoa o te oaoa, me te oaoa. E kore ia e kino, kahore mamae, kahore paru. Hoki Nabokov, whakatotoka ana te ao o tona whenua puta i roto i tona ataahua, me te nui.

Mahi i roto i te Russian

Poto haurongo V. Nabokova V. taea kahore aro mātai o tona mahi. Ko te kaituhi ia whakaaro te kaiaka tino nui o ana mahi reo tino tika. E pā ana tēnei e rua ki tona mahi Russian, me te ke. Heoi, he arero, me te reo Ingarihi e hiahiatia e te kaha nui o Nabokov, no te mea i tuhituhi anake ia mo te wa roa i roto i to ratou ake reo. Aravihi tetahi reo i āwhina Nabokov i te hanganga o tona mahi e kore e anake, engari ano hoki i roto i te translation o tuhinga Russian puāwaitanga (Lermontov, Pushkin, Tiutchev).

Heoi, he tino rerekē i ia atu nga mahi a Nabokov i roto i ngā reo rerekē. Na, hoki e āhuatanga ona pūrākau Russian-reo i te āhuatanga e whai ake nei: aito Russian mahara rite he palataisi ngaro; fakafepaki ki he tuakiri auaha motuhake o tetahi ngana ki te tangohia atu e ratou haere noa. he pono hoki te mahi e whai ake nei tenei: "Ko te Gift", "ahoaho", "Te Luzhin Defense".

te mau parau tumu auaha

Neke atu i tetahi mea, e kore i taea e Vladimir Nabokov (haurongo whakarāpopoto i runga) aro ki parau ino e. Enei kupu i huaina e ia ihirangi ohie rawa. Parau ino - e te bourgeoisie i te puka i roto i nei i matau hoki reira Flaubert. E ko, ko reira he āhuatanga i reira infringes rapunga whakaaro, hītori morare ranei i runga i toi. Ko te aha Nabokov whakahe i André Malraux, Thomas Mann ko Dostoevsky. A kihai i whakakororiatia Gogol mo te haumi o naia pāpori me te whakamārama o te "tangata iti," me hoki tona reo ataahua, me te kāhua.

Parau ino i runga i Nabokov - te whakaritenga i roto i te tangata whenua no Roma tuhinga. Na reira, i te reira na i kino te faaino orurehau-manapori o Russia. Kei te tino tino kitea tenei whakaaro i roto i te pūrākau "Te Gift." i oti rawa Nabokov tetahi pene o te whakaahuatanga hua o te ora o Nikolai Chernyshevsky, te tahae Democrat rongonui.

whakapono te kaituhi e te mea matua i roto i te toi - rerehua pai nui atu i tetahi painga mahi. He faaiteraa o te parau ino e Nabokov whakaaro me pule fakaaoaó, pērā i Hitler me Stalin. Ka kitea tēnei tautohe i roto i pūrākau "I raro i Kovi", "Fakaafe ki te whiu" tākaro "tenenga Waltz", "Tuhinga rangatira" kōrero "heitiki" me etahi atu.

Ko te hero o te ao o Nabokov - he kaitoi, he tangata ki te mea homai noa auaha. Hei tauira, Fyodor Godunov-Cherdyntsev, Aleksandr Luzhin, Cincinnatus, me etahi atu. Maha puta he pūāhua taua i roto i te āhuatanga ka takoha ki te tu i te ao katoa, te parururaa i to ratou tika ki te tikanga herekore.

tuhinga American

i tukua e ia he tokomaha o nga whakaaro o tona mahi i roto i te reo Ingarihi tuhituhinga Nabokov, Vladimir Vladimirovich. ngā haurongo Poto o te kaituhi katoa o tona mahi, kia kore e taea e tatou e kore ki te whakahua aua mahi e i hanga noa atu.

tonu te reira i puta noa i te auaha Nabokov huru matua o ana mahi - te reo. Stylist me whärite-waha mahi - e te aha tino whakakake o Vladimir Vladimirovich.

Hoki American pukapuka o Nabokov ( "ma marama", "Ko te Real Life o Sebastian Knight," "Korero, Memory", "Ētahi atu taha", "Bend Kovi" me etahi atu.) Kei te āhuatanga i te taha o te rerekē o toi rite pono mooni a mooni rite ngali mahara ki a rangatiratanga parau ino e.

"Lolita" (Nabokov)

Haurongo me te auahatanga, whakaahuatia poto konei, ka taea e kore kahore te whakahua o te tautohenga, me te Garden Romana Nabokova - "Lolita" (1955). Ko anake te mahi o te kaituhi, i iritihia ia ki Russian tenei.

Ko te pūtake o te wahi o "Lolita" ko te kōrero aroha o te ariki pakeke me te kotiro o ma rua. Heoi, ko te wahi - he whakapaipai noa mo te ahua o te angst existential. Ngā hua taketake i roto i te ranu ōwehenga. I roto i te mahi o mua o Nabokov ko rerekētanga mārama kitea i waenganui i parau ino e me te taranata tūturu. A i roto i "Lolita", e konatunatua enei ao e rua, wehea i ia atu e taea.

Te huru matua, Lolita, i runga i te ringa kotahi, ko te hoho'a o te parau ino e. Otiia i roto i te kotiro taua ētahi wā puta "e tatararaa, aroha viivii ore."

"Lolita", ahakoa ona rawa, ka taea ki a koe e kite i te ao toi pono o Nabokov. Ko hoki te taua kaiwhakawa o rerehua tenei ao, kia rite ki te kaituhi ia.

Ngā pūrākau e pā Nabokov

He he he whakapono roa-tū e te mea tino rerekē i ētahi atu kaituhi Russian Vladimir Nabokov Tāhuhu i te tepu ngāwari fakapapau'i tenei. Heoi, e kore te mea tino pono tenei. Tuatahi, ko te reira tonu te whakakorekore ki te kaituhi i roto i tuhinga Russian, a ngā atu ki M. Yu. Lermontovu ko A. S. Pushkinu. Tuarua, Nabokov ia tonu ki te faatura nui, me te huru te faatura ki auaha L. N. Tolstogo. A, no te kauhau Vladimir Vladimirovich e pā ana ki tenei kaituhi, hanga e ia aro i runga i te meka e maha kitea Tolositoi whakapakoko tohu hohonu.

Hoki he whakawa e Nabokov he esthete matao e e rite ki te farii i te ta'e totonú, me taua mahana manene. I te anga ke, kaha whakahē te kaituhi despotism me te tutu i roto i ona faaiteraa katoa. Te mutunga iho he angalelei tūranga o Nabokov.

"Reinga"

Ko te pūrākau whakamutunga i tuhituhia e Nabokov tenei. Ko te tino rerekē i te katoa kaituhi whakapumautia a mohoa noa tenei mahi. I tua atu, i te "reinga" te whakaaro kē pukapuka Aohou, rite hanga te hua kei runga i te tikanga taketake o tenei au - intertext.

Nui ko te meka i konatunatua Nabokov i tona hanganga o ngā momo me ngā tikanga stylistic. Ki te mahi-Aohou "te reinga" hopoi tahi me te mea he kanapa, a ka anga te kēmu ki te parody. Ehara i na roto i te tupono noa, whakamahia Nabokov momo reo rerekē, kopikopiko i tiketike-haupū me mutu piua tata huarahi - katoa i roto i te tikanga ki te whakarei ake i te mahi o te kaipānui, ki te haapapu i te singularity o tona mahi.

haere mai te reira i ki te mutu te haurongo o Nabokov. Poto kua e pā ana ki kua mea te mea matua i runga, Heoi, tonu tonu ki te whakahua i te mate o te kaituhituhi. mate V. V. Nabokov Hōngongoi 3, 1977 i roto i Switzerland.