Hanganga, Mātauranga Tuarua me ngā kura
Mātauranga, momo, hanganga me te mahi o lysosomes
To tatou tuhinga e hiahia ana tatou ki te horo'ai ki te pātai o te mea ko te hanganga me te mahi o lysosomes. E tatou te titiro taipitopito i te tumu parau i koki rerekē, tae atu i te āhua o te hanganga o enei hanganga, o ratou momo, ngā āhuatanga o te hanganga me te tokomaha atu take.
I mua i whakaaro he aha te tikanga i te hanganga me te mahi o lysosomes, e hiahia ana ahau ki te whakamārama i te tahi mau kōrero. Katoa kaiao ora e haati nei ia tatou, e tito o matūriki hanganga, ngā pūtau. taea anake te kite ratou ki te karu. Ko te pūtau - ko te pūnaha oti arā, o ngā wāhanga iti, e te hunga kua huaina organelles. I teie mahana, e paraparau tatou no tetahi o ratou.
Lysosome: he aha te mea te reira?
He aha te mea te hanganga, me te mahi o lysosomes? Tenei organelle iti rahi, pera ai kia ratou whakanohoia i roto i te whare herehere i te nui nui. I te tahi atu te ringa, i roto te tahi mau pūtau pükohu anake 1 ranei 2 lysosomes nei āhuatanga nui nui te noa (e pā ana ki 0.2 micron). Na, e taea te wehea nga lysosomes katoa ki ngā rōpū e toru:
- tuatahi;
- Tuarua;
- pūtau wäriu.
Ka rite ki te whakaaro tatou i te titiro o te hanganga me te mahi o lysosomes, te atu i te tuhinga riro te reira mārama he aha tatou e hiahia ana enei momo me te mea ko ratou auraa mō mahi pūtau. He mea nui anake ki te whakamārama e haere i te lysosomes tuatahi ki tuarua, engari e kore te mea taea te tukanga whakamuri.
Ko te hanganga o lysosomes
He aha e nga lysosomes, te hanganga , me te mahi? E tauturu i te tepu ki tatou mahi ki te mea he organelles roto. Kei roto organelles neke atu i te 50 rerekē whākōkī pūmua. Lysosome hipokina iho e te membrane kikokore e wehe nei i nga kaihoko bioactive i te taiao pūtau roto. I roto i te tepu tapaea tatou te whākōkī tino nui, me te whakaahua o ratou mahi.
whākōkī | uara |
esterase | E hiahiatia ana ki te wahia iho waipiro Etera. |
hydrolase Peptide | Hiahiatia hoki te tauhohenga wai o pūhui he here peptide. Tenei rōpū ngā pūmua, etahi peptides me ētahi atu matū. |
nuclease | Tenei rōpū o whākōkī accelerates te tauhohenga wai o here phosphodiester i roto i te polynucleotide mekameka waikawa karihi. Na e hanga e reo - me oligonucleotides he. |
glucosidase | Ko te whākōkī o tenei rōpū whakarato he tukanga o wāwāhi warowaihā. |
hydrolase | E whakamahia ratou mo tauhohenga wai o amides. |
te hanganga o lysosomes
Na e matau ana tatou ki ta nga lysosomes, te hanganga, me te mahi (poto) e whakaaro tatou poto i roto i tenei tuhinga. Kua kua mea matou e kua wehea nga organelles ki ngā rōpū e toru (tuatahi, tuarua me te pūtau wäriu). i hanga te te rōpū tuatahi i te membrane o te taputapu Golgi, kei te ngāwari ratou i roto i tenei taahiraa raruraru ki vacuoles iti. Lysosomes He hanumi organelles me te hanga i te hanganga matatini ake me te rahi.
Ki te horo he lysosome tuatahi tetahi taonga, ka tīmata te pūtau te tukanga o te nakunaku. Organelle e he ahei o piri atu te pūhui ki whākōkī kua whakarōpūtia te rite lysosome tuarua. Ka rite ki te hua, e taea te hanga e matū nakunaku i raungaitia ngā pūtau wäriu (ko te toru o nga wā o te huringa ora o lysosomes tenei).
mahi o organelles
arotakehia matou nga momo o lysosomes, te hanganga me ngā mahi (kite tepu) - te reira i to tatou pātai i muri. faaoti matou ki te whakamahi i te puka tino mārama, me te mārama, arā, te tepu.
mahi | āhuatanga |
nakunaku intracellular | he maha nui o whākōkī e taea o te awhi i tetahi pūhui e paparetanga roto i Lysosomes. Na puta nakunaku intracellular. Matū whiwhi ki nga lysosomes me e tukatuka ki te hanga i te iti pūhui taimaha rāpoi, e ka whakamahi te pūtau mo ona ake hiahia. |
autophagy | Ka whakakore i tenei tukanga organelles pūtau faufaa ranei tawhito. Autophagy - he ara ki te whakahou i te organelles pūtau. |
autolysis | I roto i te ara tetahi, e taea te huaina te tukanga whaiaro-whakangaromanga o ngā pūtau. A, no te e ngaro te membrane o lysosomes pūtau, ka mate te whakamutunga. |
mutunga
Kua ako matou, he aha e nga lysosomes. i te aroaro Āhuatanga o te hanganga me ngā mahi (kite tepu) i roto i te tuhinga. Roto i te whakamutunga e hiahia ana ahau ki te mea e roto i te ofatiraa o te organelles raraunga pea etahi mate. Hei tauira, mohiotia te rongoā mate tuku, hono ki te takahi o mahi he lysosomes. Tenei rōpū o pathologies ngā mucopolysaccharidoses, sfingolipidozy, glikoproteinozy me te tini ke atu.
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