Ko te teihana lēlué tino ataahua, Moscow. Rārangi o nga teihana tino ataahua o te Moscow Metro

I te tau 1935 ka whakatuwheratia e ia te peka tuatahi o te Moscow Metro teihana "Sokolniki" - "Park kultury". i oti rawa tōna hanga te ki te iwi Soviet aroha te kiriata "Volunteers". tikanga Metrostroevtsy i te wa ko tetahi o te whai tino, me tino whaimana, rawa.

Ko te atu tino ataahua

Ahakoa hiahiatia tino whakapaipai i roto i te hanga o te arā raro, me te pātai o te ahua ātaahua o te teihana e kore ko i runga i te rārangi take. Te nuinga teihana arā raro ataahua (Moscow) i hanga i muri, ka kua faaite te whenua-toa ki te ao te painga e kore anake i roto i te mana hōia, engari ano hoki te ara o te ora, ahakoa kei roto i te kotahi tekau tino ataahua i te torutoru wāhi i mua i-te pakanga.
I roto i te whānui, i te katoa arā raro i roto i Moscow, 44 teihana o e 190 mohio tīariari rite ngā o ahurea tuku iho, e taea te whakaaro te mīharo tino i roto i te ao. Rārangi ārahi ahanoa kore e hāngai tonu. Hei tauira, kotahi te rārangi o te "te nuinga teihana arā raro ataahua (Moscow)" upoko "Kiev", tetahi - "Komsomolskaya", a vahi i roto i te tuatahi ko te "Arbat". Nuinga o ngā wā, i roto i te whakataunga katoa te whakatau i te mutu "Komsomolskaya", "Kiev", "Revolution Square", "Mayakovskaya" me "Novoslobodskaya". Ahakoa ka taea e ngāwari koe amo e te mea e 44 teihana nga taonga o ahurea tuku iho, ka taea e titau hoki ratou i runga i te taitara o te ataahua tino. E riro te reira e minaminatia ki te stipulate tohu i roto i taiapa o te whakapaipai - he rota o teihana rite reira me i era atu pa Russian me whenua noa tata.

Ko te tino o te puka, me te ihirangi

"Whare Underground", e pai me te ahuareka tino katoa, a ka mahi te iwi mō ngā tau, i hanga te nuinga ki waenganui-50s, e ko, tae noa ki te mate o Stalin. More maha tuku tonu ki rite te teihana tino ataahua "Mayakovskaya", me kaupapa reira ki Fair o te Ao i roto i New York i te 1939, i whakawhiwhia e ia te Prix Grand.
taonga International whakawhiwhia me "Kropotkinskaya" (Grand Prix i te whakaaturanga i roto i Brussels i roto i 1951), me te "kuwaha Red" (Grand Prix i te 1938 i roto i Paris), me e i roto i aua tau, ka mauahara te whenua o mo te Sovietí atu tauine. Na, tino, enei kaupapa ko te tino o te puka, a deservedly haere ratou ki roto ki ngā pukapuka o te ao i runga i hoahoanga.

ataahua ngaro

"Stalin arararo" - te rārangi teihana ataahua pera-ka karanga porohita ki pati-reliefs, whakapakoko, mosaic, me te maha nui o chandeliers whare, te ingoa me te pukapuka, whakaputaina i roto i te 2011, whakatapua ki te arā raro. He tika te pukapuka, no te mea na nui o te kororia taketake o enei taonga ngaro te rite ki te hua o te anō, whakapai ake me te mana o te tuakiri fifi Stalin, i hua i roto i whakangaro mea katoa i i hanga ki te aroha rite me te servility.

"Ko e whare proletarian"

Mai te nuinga o te wahi runga i roto i te rārangi o "nuinga teihana arā raro ataahua" (Moscow) e te "Komsomolskaya" - he mowhiti - e ka kōrero e pā ana ki reira i reira kei roto i te wahi tuatahi. Te reira i tino titiro rite te whare, a pehea he reira anake te mea o tenei e kore e mohiotia: ". Te temepara whakamutunga Shchusev" me "te apotheosis o kingitanga o Stalin", me
Mai i te parau whakamutunga ko reira mārama e i te matenga o te rōpū o kaihoahoa, kaupapa, tu A. V. Schusev - kaituhi o te Kazan whare teihana tereina, moengaroa a Lenin me maha atu whare rongonui. Whakatuwheratia i roto i te tau 1952, kua tū te reira i waenganui i nga teihana o "Kursk" me "Prospect Mira". He teihana arā raro "Komsomolskaya" ki te whakatuwheratia i roto i te 1935 rārangi Sokolniki. he rongonui hoki te te tereina tuatahi tae konei, me te take i reira e rua awhi majolica ahurei hanga rite ki te huahua Lansere ia. I te tau 1952 i hono ai ki te whakawhitinga o "Komsomolskaya", heitiki hoki. whakapaipai te whakamutunga i te 8 awhi tino mīharo hono e tetahi kaupapa - te whakaora nui o te wairua Russian me patu. E hanga ana ratou i te kohatu utu nui, me glazes i runga i huahua e P. D. Korina.

Mohio e te hapori ao

Na, haere tonu tatou ki te mahara i te teihana tino ataahua o te Moscow Metro. Ko te rārangi e taea te haere tonu, "Mayakovskaya", tuwhera Mahuru 11, 1938. Kei waenganui i tūnga "Peraruhia '(kei ki te raki) me" Tverskaya "(tonga) i runga i te raina Zamoskvoretskaya. Kei raro i te pokapū o te whakapaipai, i roto i te rohe Tver. Kaituhi o te tipu kaupapa ko muri i V. V. Mayakovskogo - he mema o te Academy o Architecture o te USSR, e toru ngā wā toa o te Stalin paraihe Aleksey Nikolaevich Dushkin. Ia - te kaituhi o te kaupapa o ngā whakaurunga raro rite te "Revolution Square", "Novoslobodskaya" (kaupapa he vahaataimi), "Avtozavodskaya" me "Kropotkinskaya".

pionie Station

thumbnail teihana kaituhi mosaic "Mayakovskaya" ko kahore iti rongonui artist Soviet Alexander Deineka. "Mayakovskaya" Ko te teihana o te ao tuatahi taumata-hohonu (34 mita) o te momo tīwae. trehsvodnaya ia.
Eaha te auraa? Na te meka e te teihana arā raro tino ataahua (Moscow whakamanamana maha titiro ngā hoahoanga faahiahia, me te rerehua o tenei momo, engari tenei kotahi - tino motuhake) ngā o toru ruma - pokapū, me te rua lateral. Katoa ruma e rua kei muri ki te mowhiti tuwhera ngohi te ratou ruma whakawhirinaki i runga i o ratou pou noa. No reira te ingoa o te hoahoa - koroni trehsvodchataya. kauhanga roa ohaoha ahanoa kororia.

He huānga ahurei o te whakapaipai

Ko tōna whakapiringia 35 mosaic ataahua whakaritea i roto i te domes, e kua kei roto i te tuanui o te whare pokapū, i waenganui o nga haurangi. Heoi, kia kite ratou, he mea e tika ana ki te āta ara ake te upoko. E pā ana tēnei ki te āhuatanga o te teihana i huaina "Mayakovskaya". kia tapiritia ai te reira e ko te kaupapa tuatahi i rerekē te ingoa o te mutu - "Whakamanamana Square", a tuu i riro te reira i roto i te kāhua Renaissance Itari. Ko te "hanahana Square", i raro i i whakaritea i te hanga o tenei whare i, whakaingoatia "Mayakovsky Square", riro te teihana te taua ingoa.

Whakahuatia ake maha atu i ētahi atu

He aha te ahanoa te tino maha kei runga i te raina tuatahi o te rārangi o "nuinga teihana arā raro ataahua i roto i Moscow?" "Kiev"! Whakatūwhera ko reira Maehe 14, 1954. I te tīmatanga i hapu ai rite te ataahua tino. N. S. Hruschevu, kua i roto i te mana, ko te kupu hiahia ki tonu ratou käwanatanga hou taketake. ua faaite te reira i te whakataetae, a o nga kaupapa 73 whiriwhiri ki te mahi kaituhi Ukrainian.
pau te wāhi kei te ki te tau 300th o te reunification o Ukraine a Russia. katia te teihana i te raina porohita. Ia, rawa, turanga hohonu, engari te pylon (tautoko hanganga ko nga pylons). 18 awhi o glazes whakapaipai tenei faahiahia o te toi hoahoanga.

Ataahua me taketake

Haere tonu i te rārangi o "teihana lēlué Moscow tino ataahua," me ētahi wā noa ki te arahi i te reira i runga i te tika e taea "Revolution Square" - mutu, kei runga i te Arbat - aho Pokrovskaya, whakatuwheratia i roto i te 1938, 13 Maehe. Taha i te taha ki a ia "Kursk" me "Arbat". rere ke te reira i te tahi atu contenders mo te rarangi tuatahi i roto i nga tūranga noa, ki te e he rongonui kore mosaic me whakairo. 76 tau parahi e 18 haurangi i runga i te mau irava ki te tüäpapa tauranga. Haurangi tautokona e pylons (tautoko tīwae) o te whare teihana. Katoa o nga whakairo tohu nga tangata o te USSR i rerekē wā wa o tona hanganga (i Oketopa 1917 tae noa ki te rā o ratou whakatū i 1937) me e hanga i roto i te awheawhe o te rōpū Leningrad o kaiwhakairo arahina e Matvey Manizer. Ki te kore ko te teihana tino ataahua arā raro i roto i Moscow, ka tino te taketake tino me fakangalongata'a tenei.

karapotia e tui fakafa'ahikehé

Kei te aroha ia e Muscovites. He maha ngā whakapono e pā ana ki te tau parahi. Ki te mea komukumuku ki te koe i roto i tetahi wahi etahi, "tū" te oaoa - e rave rahi whakairo i te kanapa, pa oro neke atu i te kotahi whakatupuranga o noho wahi o te whakapaipai. Hei tauira, mirimiri ngā ākonga te Tipene ihu, a ka anga ka ki te mirimiri i te reira tata mai te whakatū. wha kuri katoa, me ia taupa orohia te ki te whiti. He whakaahua o Roosters - pania ratou ki te tāpiri i roto i te utu.
I roto i te poto, mo ake nga Muscovites teihana, a he tino aroha o ia e ratou. He ahua parahi i roto i te pakanga i tonoa ki te whakatahi i katatānga. Ko te hoahoa "Revolution Square" Ko te trehsvodchatoy pylon, turanga hohonu. Ko reira te whakawhiti ki te teihana "Theatre", a ka whai ratou i te tomokanga noa.

Ko te mahi whakamutunga o te ariki, manohi

Kei te whakaurua tata tonu i roto i te rārangi o rima i huaina "Ko te teihana lēlué Moscow tino ataahua" - te mahi A. whakamutunga N. Dushkina - teihana "Novoslobodskaya", whakatuwheratia i roto i te 1952. Photo, whakaaturia ana i raro, haapapu tino ona tika ki te wahi i roto i tenei rārangi. I tua atu, tona tomokanga ahurei, kei runga i te huarahi kotahi, rite he whare tawhito, he whakamahau i mua o te paruru, o nei kua 6 fluted (ki awaawa poutū) tīwae. No iti fare maiangi nui, me te ataahua, me te Five. Ko te hoahoa o tenei teihana - pylons turanga hohonu. Ko tōna "kongakonga" ranei te hoahoa huānga kānapanapa e paruhi marama vitrage 32. E hangaia ratou i te karaihe kaitoi Latvian, maka hahi ōpure. chandeliers Original, me te iri. kia tāpiri ahau e runga ia o nga teihana o te Moscow Metro, rawa te hunga e ko te taonga o ahurea tuku iho, i roto i te whai wāhi whānui kua ngā, me tātaitanga engineering, ngā mōhiohio.

Ko tētahi atu "Ataahua Russian"

I roto i te pane o na maha tipu faahiahia e te hunga kanapa, me mātanga o Moscow, me i te taonga wa ano o te noho manene tūruhi. Na, kia rite ki he tokomaha, te teihana tino ataahua o te lēlué Moscow - "Arbat", whakatuwheratia i roto i te 1953. No te reira ki te nui kōpuku whakawhitiwhitinga tāone. Hanga i runga i te kaupapa motuhake: ripeka-wāhanga o te pylon, he teihana taumata-hohonu āhua porotītaha, kāhua o te whakapaipai roto no ki te Baroque Moscow. "Arbatskaja" - he tino roa, te tuarua i muri i te "Sparrow Hills", me e kore e whai i te tirohanga kati. Nā ki te kōwhiringa o ngā tae, titiro reira rawa hakari ana.

Ko te urupa tino a Tūrongo, o te wā Stalin

Ko te taitara o "teihana arā raro tino ataahua i roto i Moscow" kia taau rite "Peraruhia" me "Novokuznetskaya", "Taganskaya" me "Theatre", "Kropotkin" me "Prospect Mira", "Smolensk" me etahi ētahi atu. Ka rite ki tuhia i runga ake, i tetahi o te ahurea tuku iho 44 mohio, e taea te whakauru i roto i te tihi rima whitu o nga tūnga pai o te Moscow Metro ranei. Na te aha e pā ana ki te whakaurunga i hanga i muri i te matenga o Stalin? Ko te tau o "whare proletarian" mutu ki te mate o te rangatira o ...

ahanoa hou

Ko te teihana tino ataahua lēlué, hanga i roto i te rau tau XXI - "Slavic Boulevard". I whakatuwheratia te reira i roto i te tau 2008. Pono i roto i te ao o te kawenga tuarua (tuarua anake ki te Tokyo) arā raro, pea, e kore ki ataahua. Otira kei te hanga te reira i teie nei i roto i te ao i te ataahua faahiahia o te teihana, hei tauira i roto i Dubai.
Tūmanako, te Moscow Metro, e tata whakanuia tona tau 80, me te e te faaruru nei te tōnuitanga hanga, "ka whiwhi" hou, whakamarie, te whakatutuki i te whakaritenga katoa o tenei ra, engari i nga teihana ataahua taua wā.