Ko te tau o coups whare: te tepu. Hua o te wā o coups whare

atamira nui me te ngā i roto i te hītori o Russia reira ko he wā i 1725 ki te 1762. I roto i tenei wa kua reira kua ono piriniha, ia o nei i etahi ope tōrangapū. whakapukepu Klyuchevskii kapi huaina ai - te wā o coups whare. Te tepu i roto i tenei tuhinga ka āwhina i ki mahino lelei ange te akoranga o ngā. Ko te huringa o te kaha, rite ki te tikanga, haere i roto i hinana, tinihanga me te patu tangata.

ka anga te reira i katoa ki te mate ohorere o Pita I. mahue ia i muri i te "Charter o te monoraa" (1722) na e ki te mana taea titau i te tokomaha nui o te iwi.

Ko te mutunga o tenei taitahi e raruraru whakaaro haere mai ki te kaha o Catherine II. Tona kingitanga, whakaaro maha hītori te wā o te absolutism marama.

coups whare TAKENGA

Ko te take matua o nga ngā mua katoa i ngā whakahēnga i waenganui i te plurality o ngā rōpū rangatira e pā ana ki te tauatanga. Piri tonu ratou anake i roto i te meka e kia hanga e tatou he kopa rangitahi i roto i te whakahounga. he whati taua i kite katoa tetahi o ratou i roto i tona ara ake. I tua atu, ngā rōpū katoa rite ngakau rangatira vēkeveke mo te mana. Na te wā o takaí whare, te tepu whakaaturia nei te raro nei, i iti ki te huri noa i te tihi.

Kua kē matou whakahuatia te whakatau o Pita ahau i roto i te pā ana ki te tauatanga. wahia e ia te huarahi tuku iho na i whakawhitia te mana kei te i te ariki ki te māngai matua o te raina tane.

Pita kore ahau i hiahia ki te kite ia ratou i runga i te torona i muri i tana tama e tika ki te meka i ko ia he hoariri o te whakahou. Na whakaritea ana e ia e te ariki anake e taea te karanga i te kaitono. Heoi, ka mate ia, ka mahue te pepa te parau "Homai katoa ...".

i ngakaukore nga papatipu i tōrangapū, kihai i taea e nga rangatira faaite te torona - kahakina State te pakanga mō te mana. Ko te kupu ka timata te wā o takaí whare. Ngā tūtohi, tepu tukua pai ara here toto tinihanga katoa ki te torona.

Tukipoto 1725 (Catherine A.)

I tenei wa i hanga reira e rua ngā rōpū ātete. Ko te tuatahi ngā o A. Osterman me Menshikov. rapua ratou ki te whakawhiti te mana ki te pouaru o Pita ahau ki a Catherine Alekseevna.

Te rōpū tuarua, i ngā te Duke o Holstein, hiahia ki te hanga i runga i te torona o Pita II o (tama a Alexis me tama o Pita ahau).

i Mārama predominance Menshikov, ko wai i taea ki te whakatutuki i te tautoko Guard me noho i runga i te torona o Catherine I. Heoi, e kore kua i reira te kaha o te kāwanatanga whakahaere, na i hanga i te Grand Privy Council i te 1726. riro ia te tinana kāwanatanga teitei.

Ko Menshikov te rangatira tūturu. hinga ia i te Kaunihera, a koa mutunga te whakawhirinaki o te Empress. I hoki ia tetahi o nga whika ārahi, ka puta ke nga rangatira o te wā o takaí whare (whakamārama Ripanga mea katoa).

Ko te rironga o Pita II i 1727

roa Catherine ahau kingitanga tika i runga i rua tau. I muri i te mate a ia, whakairihia kotahi ano te pātai o te monoraa i runga i te āhua.

I tenei wa, "rōpū Holstein" ahu e Anna Petrovna. tīmataria te reira i te he mo Menshikov ko A. Ostermann, i mutu hua kore. mohio Emperor i rite Pita taitamariki. Tona kaitohutohu me te kaiako ka A. Osterman. Heoi, i taka e ia ki te whakarato i te mana e hiahiatia ana i runga i te ariki, ahakoa ko reira nui ki te whakarite me te kawe i roto i te hurihanga o Alexander Menshikov i 1727 tonu.

Te rangatiratanga Anny Ioannovny 1730

noho Pita II i runga i te torona mo nga tau e toru, a ka mate. Ano, riro te pātai matua: "Ko wai e tango i te torona?". Heoi tonu era o takaí whare. Ko te ripanga i raro whakaatu te mea kei te tupu.

I te ao hui puta Dolgoruky, e ngana ana ki te kingi Ekateriny Dolgorukoy. ko ia he wahine marena hou o Pita II.

rahua te ngana, a ka whakaingoatia tona nguha Golitsyn. Ko Anna Ivanovna. karaunatia ia ko reira i muri noa i te hainatanga o te conditioning mo te Hupirimi Privy Kaunihera, e kore i nei i ngaro ano tona mana.

iti Herenga te mana o te kuini. I maoro wawahi Empress kua hainatia ai te tuhinga, me te hoki te autocracy. whakaritea e te pātai o te tauatanga e i roto i te mua. Ehara i te taea ki te whiwhi ratou ake tamariki, ua faaite ia ki te kainga meake nei ki te tamaiti o tona irāmutu. Ka mohio ia me pehea ki a Pita III.

Heoi, i te 1740 i te Elizabeth, me te māngai o te puninga Welf tama whanau a Hoani e riro kuini tonu i muri i te matenga Anny Ioannovny i rua nga marama. Tona Biron Regent e mōhiotia.

1740 tukipoto me Münnich

roa ture o Regent rua wiki. I whakaritea te tahuritanga e Field Marshal Münnich. I tautokona ia e te kaitiaki, nana i hopu a Biron ka whakaritea Mother Regent, me te tamaiti.

kihai i taea e ki te whakahaere i te āhua te wahine, a ka mau katoa i roto i o ratou ringa Münnich. Tona muri whakakapi A. Osterman. Ia tonoa ano he kaiwhakahaere mara i roto i te tūranga. takaí whare wā (Ripanga whakaaturia ana i raro) fakatahai enei rangatira.

Ko te rironga o Elizabeth ki te 1741

Whiringa 25, 1741 ka tangohia e wahi tetahi atu tukipoto. hohoro ia i haere me kahore toto, ko te kaha i roto i te ringa o Elizabeth, tamahine o te I. Pita whakaarahia ia mo te kupu poto kaitiaki, a whakapuakina ano te Empress. Ua tauturu ia ia i roto i tenei Tatau Vorontsov.

i herea Juvenile ex-Emperor me tona whaea i roto i te pa. i tautea Münnich, Ostermann, Levenvolde ki te mate, engari i whakakapia reira ki te hono ki Siberia.

Kawanatanga tuturu Elizaveta Petrovna mo neke atu i te 20 tau.

Ko te haere mai ki te kaha o Pita III

muri Elizaveta Petrovna kite tona papa he whanaunga. Heoi kawea ana e ia i Holstein irāmutu. I hoatu e ia te ingoa o Pita III, tahuri ia ki he 'Ofotokisií. kihai i hari ki te āhua o te kainga meake nei te Empress. I roto i te kaha ki te whakatika i te āhuatanga, kua hoatu ai ki a ia nga kaiwhakaako, engari kihai i te āwhina i te reira.

Hoki e fakatupú marenatia ia Elizaveta Petrovna ki te German Princess Sophia, e ka hei Catherine te nui. a ratou e rua tamariki - he Paora tama me te tamahine Anna.

I mua i tona mate, ka tohutohu Erihapeti kia ki whakarite te mono o Paora. Heoi, e kore ia i maia ki te rave i te reira. I muri i te mate ia, haere te torona ki tona irāmutu. ko te tino kaingäkautia tona kaupapa here e rua i roto i te iwi, me te i roto i te rangatira. I roto i tenei take, i muri i te matenga o Elizabeth i ia i roto i kahore hohoro ki te kia karaunatia. ko te take mo te tukipoto i runga i te wahi o tona wahine, Catherine, i runga i nei whakairihia te riri o roa-whakarere tenei (kua maha kī reira te kingi). Reira mana mutu te wā o te whare revolution (tepu whakarato atu mōhiohio e pā ana ki ingoa o te tamariki Empress).

Pipiri 28, 1762. Catherine II Poari

Hoko ko te wahine o Pita Fedorovich, timata Catherine ki ako i te reo me ngā tikanga Russian. hohoro ia whakawhenumi mōhiohio hou. Ua tauturu te reira ia ki te mawhiti i muri i hapūtanga i taka e rua, me te meka i tangohia e te tama-maoro-hia a Paora ia tonu i muri i whanau. kite ia ia i muri i anake 40 ra. I kawea te reira i runga Erihapeti. moe ia o hoko Empress. ha faingamālie taua i ia, kia rite ki a Pita Fedorovich rahua koroneihana. ka mau a Elizabeth painga o te tautoko o te kaitiaki, a hurihia tana tahu. Te nuinga pea, i patua ia, engari huaina te putanga e pā ana i te mate i te colic.

roa tona kingitanga 34 tau. kihai ia ki te riro Regent mo tana tama, a hoatu ana ki a ia i te torona i muri anake tona matenga. no tona kingitanga ki te wā o te absolutism marama. More poto katoa te aroaro tepu "whare tahuritanga."

mōhiohio whakaräpopototia

Catherine haere mai ki te kaha mai ki te mutunga i te wā o te whare tukipoto. E kore e te tepu whakaaro nga fetaulaki'anga, te tohutohu i muri reira, ahakoa Paora mahue te torona rite ki te hua o te whakatakotoria ana.

I roto i te tikanga ki te mahino pai mea kei te tupu a tawhio noa, whakaaro nga ngā me te iwi e pā ana ki a ratou, na roto i te haapotoraa mōhiohio i runga i te kaupapa "Ko te tau o takaí whare" (poto).

Ripanga o takaí whare mahino whakaahua ana te ngā matua o te wa.

Hua o te wā o coups whare

i iti Palace takaí ki te pakanga mo te mana anake. e kore ratou i mau ana i te huringa i roto i te ao tōrangapū, me te pāpori. wehea i roto ratou i te tika ki te whakahaere tikanga, kia rite ki te hua o te 37 tau te rangatira kua ono rangatira.

i hono stabilization pāpori-ōhanga ki Catherine Elizabeth ahau, me II. i taea ki te whakatutuki i te tahi angitu i roto i te kaupapa here ke o te kāwanatanga ratou.