Getman, Raniera (Danilo) Apostol

whanau he ahua kanapa tōrangapū, he māngai o te whānau Cossack rongonui, i roto i Poltava i te kainga o Sorochintsy nui - Danylo Apostol. I roto i te 1683, riro ia he taonga tuku i tona papa, i te Cossack Paora Ohrimovicha paetukutuku teitei tuku o te kānara Mirgorod, e totoro rite kahore atu i mua i a ia, i mahi ki te tae Mace o te Hetman.

take Tohunga hōia

Hetman Danylo Apostol, tona biography te nuinga tito o ana mahi hōia, ko te takawaenga ngingila me tohunga i runga i ngā take hōia. I roto i te 1689, hei wāhanga o te ope Cossack 40000th, whai wāhi ia i roto i te pakanga ki Perekop ki te Tatars Crimean, i roto i te 1693 me te 1696 whakahē te Crimean Khanate. I roto i te 1697 meinga e ia te pororaru i roto i te whawhai Russian ki te Turkey i 1700 ki te 1706 whawhai ia ki nga Swedes, he ki tona ope Cossack he maha o ngā angitu: te hinga o te ope o General Schlippenbach me te whakaoranga o Warsaw i te hoariri.

Ukraine - he motuhake, me te kore utu

Danylo Apostol, he he konohi nui o Ukraine me te rite-whakaaro Ivan Mazepa, kaha tautoko te kaupapa here o te muri, haere nuitia i roto i 1708 ki tona wiki Mirgorod i tona taha. Ahakoa kahore hoki roa ... hiahia nga apotoro ki te tukua e Ukraine i fakafalala o Moscow me ki te hanga i tētahi uniana ki Sweden. Ki enei whakaaro, ka tahuri ia ki a Ivan Mazepa, engari, whakaae o te eita o whakatinanatanga o te whakamahere, ka tahuri atu ia i a ia, a ka anga ki te mahi ngātahi ki te mana Moscow me ki te mahi i runga i to ratou taha i roto i te pakanga. I roto i te 1711 whai wāhi Danilo i te pakanga Prut o Pita ahau hei whakatūturutanga Ukrainian hetman mahi, a i te 1722 arahina takaro nga wae Cossack o 10 000 iwi i roto i te ope Russian he wahi i roto i te pakanga ki a Pahia.

I muri mai ka Danylo Apostol hoa i roto i to ratou whakaaro wä ki a Paora Polubotko - nakaznym kaiwhakahauhau, a me ia e rapu i te whakakāhoretanga o ngā tika kāwanatanga fakangatangata o Ukraine whakapumautia te Collegium Russian Little. Tonu ngā mahi pato'iraa ki te kaupapa here Russian ki Ukraine, ara i muri i te hopu o tona hoa.

Danylo Apostol: biography. hetman pōti

I te 1727 ka pōtitia te Kaunihera nui o te Aposetolo hetman. Ahakoa 70 tau o tau, te Hetman hou anaanatae whakaturia ki te mahi i runga i te whakapai ake o te varua, me te tōrangapū e taea ana i roto i te whenua i muri i te mahi i te Collegium Russian Little. A ahakoa i reira i roto i Moscow kaitohutohu Naumov Ukraine, me te tama a Raniera Apostol i roto i Russia rite rīanga ki te tinihanga taea o Moscow i tona papa, Danylo Apostol (tona whakaahua e taea kite koe i roto i tenei tuhinga) i roto i te 1728 whai pūtake tae mai St Petersburg. e kore huri i te kingi (te mate o Pita ahau, rironga ki te torona o Pita II) i mutu Raniera te Aposetolo i roto i tona whakaaro tāmau whenua, a i te ra o te rironga ki te torona o Pita II, pitihana ia mo te hoki o Ukraine nga wāteatea tawhito me tika i raro i nga ngā o te Tiriti o 1654, mutu i waenganui te kingi, me te Bogdanom Hmelnitskim. Ko te hua o tenei haerenga ko te taumira o te kingi:

• ki te whiriwhiri takitahi Hetman;
• translation Hetman i raro i te mana o te Imperial kaumatua i raro i te mana o te Tāhuhu o Aorere;
• whakaiti i roto i te maha o ngā hōia Russian i runga i te rohe o Ukraine;
• tāke Tuhituhi-atu, kiia te Collegium Russian Little.

whakakahoretia hoki te Kingi whanaunga hokohoko i akina atu anake ki te kaweake Russian me o ngā hua anake i roto i ngā tauranga Russian.

ngā whakatakotoria mō te Ukraine

Ko te kupu, ko te hoki wāhanga o te kingi o Ukraine, kua ona tika me nga rangatiratanga he ahua o te punanga rauhanga, me te tetahi whakautu ki te āhuatanga tōrangapū te huri. I roto i te whakarara, me te mea he whakautu ki te kingi rite te taahiraa maia whakapumautia Danylo Apostol i pera-ka karanga ngā whakatakotoria nei, hoko he ahua o te anga-ture Hetman, mana motuhake tōrangapū ia tuatihia tapahia me te mana o te hetman o Mauī-Bank Ukraine. E ai ki a ia i kahore tika ki te whakahaere whiriwhiringa takawaenga me te whakaaetanga o nga rangatira whānui me kānara hetman. Ko reira anake i roto i te mātau o te tsar Russian. tūranga o te kaitiaki taonga e rua kua whakaurua ki te whakahaere pūtea o te hetman, tetahi o nei ko te māngai o te taha Russian, te tuarua - Ukrainian. Takoha i runga i taonga kawemai ki Ukraine i whakawhitia ki te takotoranga moni emepaea. Ko te ino rautaki ki te Ukraine tonu.

mehua Hetman ki te whakapai ake i ngā paerewa ora i roto i Ukraine

Te ite i te hepohepo o tetahi ngana ki te whakahoki i te prerogatives o te Hetman mua, kua hāngai Danylo Apostol (whakaaturia tona whakaahua kei te raro nei) ona mahi i runga i whakahou o nga tikanga ā-ōhanga i roto i te Ukraine.

Ko te ture whakahou whakaraupapahia wāhi nui Hetman te hiahia mō penapena "take tawhito", whakapūmau mārama i roto i te whakatau i ngā whakaritenga-e kaiwhakawa, pōtitia e te iwi. Ki tenei mutunga, i roto i te 1731, i whakaputaina tohutohu ki marae, i ngā mo te maha o nga kaiwhakawa takoto i roto i te Kooti General (6 tangata hoki e toru Ukrainians me nga mua), a ko te peresideni o te marae te hetman ia.

I roto i te mahi o te Aposetolo ki te tūranga Hetman Danylo mārama kite wawe, i honoa e ki wheako nui. rangatira Famous, Hetman i te wa ano i he kaiwhakahaere ōhanga pai - kaiwhakahaere, industrialists, kaipakihi me kaihokohoko, e mohio pehea ki te tatau moni.

Tūnga i roto i te faaho'iraa mai o Hetman ōhanga

Ka rite ki te rangatira ngawari, Hetman Danylo Apostol tokanga makehe ki te faaho'iraa mai o te ōhanga Iukereiniana, engari ona whakatutukitanga i roto i tenei rohe i tano. Industries ki hinonga nui, me te manufactory kei te nuinga i roto i te ringa o nga mana Russian. awhina Danylo Apostol te ngākau nuitanga o te hokohoko Ukrainian mā te tohe i runga i te whakakāhoretanga o Pita whakaurua e ahau i te pūnaha whakahāwea. Na reira, i roto i te 1728, ka huihuia e ia i roto i karere Glukhov i koka'anga kaihokohoko, a whakaarahia te take ki te kāwanatanga Russian ki ara te kanga ki runga ki te kaweake o taonga Iukereiniana - witi, miro, ware pi, hiako, me ētahi atu.

Mai i ata pau te wā o 1729-1731 tau i te tahua whānui me whenua paetukutuku Danilo Aposetolo e pupuri ana tūhuratanga o te whānui i tīmataria, kawea ana e ia i roto i te tātari tino o whenua, a whakahokia ana te nuinga o nga wāhi unrecorded. hāngai ana te tūhuratanga i runga i nga tuhinga ora me mau iteraa papû o te iwi, i te hoatu enei whenua hetia ki te mana tūmataiti nei oraraa.

Kua he maha nui o mua i roto i te whakahaere o te Hetman kua heke. kua araia hoki ratou ki te hoko whenua i roto i Ukraine, engari whakatenatena te hiahia o te tāpiri i mahue i te whenua, me te tautoko moni. i iti Tau o Tuhinga Russian ki ono i roto i Ukraine.

I raro i i hoki mai te mana o mua o te hetman, takoha ki te ora i roto i 1708 i runga i te rohe o te Crimean Khanate. Hoki i roto i te 1734, i whakaaetia e ratou ki te hanga i tētahi sich hou i runga i te raro awa.

Kua timata ano hoki Hetman Danylo Apostol ki te whakatau i te raruraru pūtea i roto i Ukraine, te tautoko i tona pūtea i roto i te nui o 144 mano moni ia tau. Kua te wahi matua o te tāke whiwhinga moni kua whakatakotoria mō te kaweake i Ukraine o rauemi mata, me te utu ngā waenganui i te whakahaere, auau, me te ope mōna.

tūranga Danilo Aposetolo i roto i te hītori o Ukraine

tau e ono me te hawhe te roa Poari Danylo Apostol, te tau whakamutunga mau ia i mate. Ko tenei, i roto i te noa'tu o te pokanoa tamau i te kāwanatanga Russian, i kore mutu ia i nga wa katoa mau tonu te whawhai kaha mo te mana motuhake o Ukraine me te whakahokinga mai o nga tika o te iwi Ukrainian. A, no te ora Danilo o nga apotoro, i te iti rawa wāhanga, engari i whakaritea: heke matamua o noho tuawhenua o te Dnieper, a nui haere te maha o hoki mai rerenga i runga i te Bank Mauī.

mate Hetman Danylo Apostol January 17, 1734 i te patunga, a tanumia i roto i te kainga (rohe inaianei Great Sorochintsy Mirgorod Sorochintsy , Poltava rohe) i roto i te hanga o ona whakaurunga Ekalesia o te Faahuru o te Ariki.

I roto i te mutunga

Hetman o te tangata, e kore e topa i roto i te teka, kua mārama kurupae i roto i te rangi pouri o te ora Ukrainian; tamata ia tona pai ki te tiaki i te matau tūmatanui o te iwi Iukereiniana i mana i waho, a ka ia wāhanga whakahaere ki te pupuri i te tukanga o te tuitui ki tonu o te Hetmanate ki te hanganga o te Russian Empire.