He aha te mea Chernobyl "Doug"? whakaahuatanga

He aha te mea Chernobyl "Doug?" Pehea e mahi i te reira? Ka enei a te tahi atu mau uiraa e lāulea ki i roto i te tuhinga. Kei Megapolis Chernobyl-2 te i roto i te raki-uru o te pa iti o Chornobyl Polissya, engari ki runga ki tetahi mahere matawhenua e kore. Tātari i te mahere, ka taea e kitea e koe i te wāhi o te pa i te rārangi iraira o ara ngahere tohu papa ranei mo ngā tamariki, engari kahore tohutoro ki whare hangarau tāone ranei. I roto i te Soviet Union i ahei ki te huna i te mea ngaro matou, ina koa, ki te ko reira he whawhai.

Duga

Hea ko Chernobyl "Doug?" Anake mai i te aituā Chernobyl me te parariraa o te iwi Soviet ako e pā ana ki te aroaro o te hoia hōia (pa iti) i roto i te ngahere o Polesie, i hopukia nei "hōpara ātea." I roto i te rau tau whakamutunga i roto i te hitu ahuru i hanga matou pūnaha hihiani hōia ahurei ki i ia e taea te ki te mataara i te whakarewatanga o te pere fakavaha'akonitinēnití ki te whenua te hoariri taea. I whakaaro te reira ki te teihana pae hihiani ingoa hihiani (Duga).

e pā ana ki 1,000 hoia kawea i runga i tenei mataara pae - rahi nui o riro Antennas me rewa, e hiahiatia rāhui hōpuni nui Chernobyl "Arc" i. I hanga pa iti hoki te hōia, me o ratou hapu, ki te huarahi anake, tuku ki rite "Kurchatov huarahi".

tangohia te whakatau ki te hamaniraa pūnaha pae hihiani "a Doug tau 1" (e tata ana te pa o Chernobyl) i runga i te kaupapa o whakatau kāwanatanga i 1972, January 18, 1975, me te April 14.

Kua i te tau 1976 ko reira te kōwae tino nui hihiani eke Duga Chernobyl-2. kaihoahoa Lead Duga i Chernobyl-2 i roa-whānui irirangi SRI (NIIDAR). Te faaururaa me whakaaro Designer matua Duga ko Kuz'minskii Franz.

whakamātautau

Kua hanga te whakamātautau tuatahi o te Chernobyl "Dougie" te State Komihana i roto i te 1979. Kua tuhia tohunga e ka rite te whakamātautau, i ki te whakaoti i te maha o ngā raruraru hangarau e kua puta tika ana ki te whakataki o rawa ahurei, hou, wheako faito ore i roto i moni ao.

I roto i kitea nga whakamātautau i rōnihi o tākirirangi kawe me missiles ballistic i te US pae pere rawhiti, tirotirohia te pai o te kōwae i runga i te pūtake o te rapunga o rōnihi pānga o fakavaha'akonitinēnití missiles US.

I te wa ano i tāutuhia te kohakore hoahoa, i ngā he kore o te kounga rapunga o ngā taumata kotahi, me ngā kāwai iti o ngā mahi. tutuki High-kounga mahi Duga i anake i roto i ngā āhuatanga o whiu kaha o missiles fakavaha'akonitinēnití taea te hoariri.

E ai ki te whakatau o nga mana o 1982, i runga i Mei 30, ahakoa te tetahi localization mahi, kua reira kua whakaaetia ki te whanaketanga tamataraa i roto i 1982. Ko te Chernobyl Duga.

I tenei take, i whakawhiwhia te kaihanga o te matatini Power - Danilov B. M., Vasenev VN Krokunov Yu M., Dubrovskiy N. F., me ētahi atu..

raruraru

Chernobyl "Doug" - te reira he whare mīharo. Fakataha ki a ia i hanga e rua atu taua complexes i roto i nga pa o Komsomolsk-i runga i-Amur me Nikolaev. Ki te tīmatanga o te mahi o tāuta i raruraru atu. tahuri te reira i roto i taua etahi o nga iarere whakahaere o ngā pūrere hihiani i ngā ki te kaipuke hī o ngā pūrere me Civil Aviation o nga mana Pākehā. USSR ko maimoatanga officious i whenua hauauru e pā te tautuhinga te haumaru o te kahupapa rangi me te kamupene kaipuke.

haere USSR ki fakangaloku a mutu whakamahi iarere whakahaere. i takoto mahi Engineers ki te whakakore i te āhuatanga o te mahi hihiani. faatiti'aifarohia te reira kaihoahoa me pūtaiao, me i 1985, i muri i te whakahōunga, ka anga te kōwae ki haere Gospriomku.

hōneatanga

E rave rahi mau taata e ui: Chernobyl "Doug" - he aha te mea i muri i tenei hoahoa? I muri i te 1986 Chernobyl aituā pono, nekehia Duga i mataaratanga whawhai, me te taputapu mothballed. i whakatahia noho haukāinga, me te hōia i te rohe poke ki radiation.

A, no te kitenga o te hōia, me te ārahitanga Soviet te tauine o te kino taiao, i whakaritea e te reira (i roto i te 1987) ki te tango tino taputapu me ngā pūnaha i roto i te metropolis o Komsomolsk-i runga i-Amur.

Hei tauira, kua mutu te wāhi onge e tuku whakangungu rakau wāhi o te whenua Soviet ki te whakahaere, me nga metropolis me tona hanganga kua wareware, ka whakarerea.

teihana Tuhinga

Chernobyl "Doug" - he aha te mea te reira tino? "Doug" (5N32) - teihana hihiani Soviet-pae mo te hanganga o te kite wawe o te pere fakavaha'akonitinēnití ballistic, he aha i mea i runga ake. E i te iti rawa e toru taua teihana:

• Whakamātau matatini "Arc-N" Nikolaeva e pā ana ki 47 ° 02'28 "p. w. 32 ° 11'57 "he. d. HG NW hangaia tino kaihoahoa F. A. Kuzminskim. I Taka te reira i roto i 2000.
• Ko te rohe Chernobyl "№ Arc 1" (tauira Chernobyl-2) 51 ° 18'19 "p. w. 30 ° 03 "57" ki. d. HG NW me 51 ° 38 '15 ", p. w. 30 ° 42'10 "ki. d. HG NW. I muri i te ao hou, o te whakamātautau kāwanatanga rahua (1985-1986 tau). I roto i te 1986, 26 April, mutu e tika ana ki te aituā Chernobyl. kawea wāhanga o te taputapu i roto i Komsomolsk-i runga i-Amur, he aha i mea i runga ake.
• I roto i te kainga o Big Cartel, e tata ana Komsomolsk-i runga i-Amur 50 ° 53'34 "ki. w. 136 ° 50'12 "he. d. HG NW me 50 ° 23'07 "p. w. 137 ° 19'41 "he. d NW HG -. anake te tikanga mo te tohu fariiraa. whakanohoia whakawhitihia turanga i huri noa te Kati Lian-2. Kua tangohia te i te mataaratanga whawhai i roto i te 1989, i runga i Noema 14 e tika ana ki ngā rerekētanga i roto i te āhuarangi ao. wahia teie mahana.

hoahoa

I roto i te whakaahua Chernobyl "Doug" titiro magnificently. Ko te ahanoa tino ngaro ki te 1980, aroturuki o ngā tiketike-teitei i te tawhiti o te 900 ki te 3000 km i roto i te rohe circumpolar. Ki te awhina o kotinga-mata, me te kaha i te wa o te hihiani, kua tahuri te hōia i roto i, i roto i te tikanga totonu o te kupu, ki te titiro ki tua atu i te pae.

No te mea o teie mau huru, te ingoa tenei matatini i "Duga 1". I hanga te reira e te aua kaihoahoa me ngā: Pin Yefim Kuz'minskii Franz'Eta Shustov, V. Shamshin V. Vasiukov.

hanganga

Whakaae, tino ngā ki ako i te whakaahuatanga o te Chernobyl "Dougie." Tona hihiani whakahaeretia i roto i te whānuitanga auau 5-28 MHz.

I runga i te tawhā āhuahanga pū o Duga uaua ki te korero. Information tuhinga wātea nuitia huakore, me te pea fakakehei. E hanga Antennas i runga i te parau tumu o te pūihi ngohi poua. Mai te taua ropu auau whanui, e kore ai tetahi pūihi īnaki, e tahuri iho te rōrahi katoa ki rua nga wahi, a hoki i kitea ngā huānga pūihi e rua:

• High-auau pūihi Chernobyl "Arc" i te roa o 250 m me 100 m roto i te tiketike. I runga i nga mahere o tona roa ko te 230 m.
• Low-auau pūihi :. Teitei o rewa 135 ki te 150 m, te roa - i 300 ki te 500 mita te mahere tona roa ko te 460 m.

Ki enei tawhā, he kitea i tata ki hea i roto i te rohe aukati Chernobyl te hoahoa. I tū teihana Tata obliquely ionospheric-hoki "Circle," i te mea he pŭpŭ tauturu mo Duga, a mo te whakaputa i nga raraunga nāianei i runga i te wahi o ngaru irirangi, taea ki te neke i roto ia ratou, te auau te tīpako tauine tino pai.

Chernobyl "Arc" hihiani tikanga anake ki te farii i tohu. pokapū Broadcasting i kei tata te kainga o Rassudovo 60 km i Chernobyl-2 e tata ana te pa Ljubech (Chernihiv rohe). E hanga whakawhitihia Antennas ano i runga i te parau tumu o te pūihi ngohi poua me whai āhuatanga iti: ko to ratou teitei rite ki te 85 m B / h, kia rite ki a E. Shevchenko, i rewa ai i te 1988 tau ..

e kore Whakaoti katinga o Chernobyl-2 hanganga metropolis i kawea tonu atu ki waho: whakatārewatia te mahi i tae noa ki 1987. Otiia hohoro reira ka mārama e i roto i nga tikanga o te tuku e kore e taea ki te mahi i te rohe. Taka Duga wae taketake i ka nekehia atu.

meka ngā

Ko te tiketike o te Chernobyl "Dougie" patu ia. I runga i tenei kaupapa te kiriata kiriata i te Russian Woodpecker i 2015, i te mea hoki pai te hakari kiriata motuhenga ke "Sundance" i whakawhiwhia te tekau rahi.

Hoki tangi angamaheni i roto i te Etera (hua ka te patotoraa) timata, "Doug," ki te karanga Russian Woodpecker ( "Woodpecker Russian").

"Woodpecker Russian"

Na, e koe kua mohio e ko nui te tiketike o te Chernobyl "Dougie". ka anga Tuatahi haapurororaa hiko o tenei ahanoa i 1976, i runga i te 4 Hōngongoi. takahi i ratou i runga i te ao i roto i te whānuitanga irirangi o 3 ki te 30 MHz. tohaina ngātere i wā o tetahi-whakatekau o te tuarua. kawea Tohu rēhitatanga i roto i kore anake taputapu motuhake i rongo ia i roto i te transistor ohie rite te wiriwiri patoto.

I roto i te whenua maha huri noa i te ao i runga i te "Woodpecker Russian" uaina iho mano o amuamu i mau ngā reo irirangi runaruna me kamupene. Mai te patototanga te "Arc" i iarere e i raro i te tiaki o whakaaetanga ao mō te kohi harangotengote, kua whakaaturia nga mana US, Canada me te UK kauwhau te Soviet Union. Otiia kihai i te Soviet Union manako noa e, "Woodpecker" vai.

World Association o amateurs irirangi noa tamata ki te pehi i te "Woodpecker Russian" na roto i te ngana ki te päpäho titaha tapawhā i roto i te ritenga atu i runga i te auau taua ki te waiho i te arai Woodpecker transistor USSR. Otiia kihai i angitu tenei nganatanga.

I runga i te whakarite o "Woodpecker Russian" iwi ka anga ki te hanga whakapae rerekē. Na, kua whakaaro noa ana tiketike-rangatira ariā mana hinengaro. Ko tētahi o nga tohunga o te Tāhuhu o Defence mea e te tohu "Woodpecker Russian" Ko te puna tino kaha o te radiation hiko e te ake hanga e te tangata. tohe ia e tenei puna o Psychoactive, mai te mea 40 miriona Watts me te 10 ngātere ia te rua. whakamoemititia ia i te meka e anapanapa tenei pūngao kei i te Soviet Union me tomo katoa i roto i te United States. kawea uiui Shtatovskih Federal Communications Commission i roto i 1988 me, i roto i te mutunga, ka kitea e te tumu mau o te 'pewa'.

ako

Ētahi atu ngā pānga ka taea o te mahi "Woodpecker Russian" e huringa i roto i te rangi ki ngā pānga kino i runga i te mahara o te tini kaha ako pokapū maramarama Western, tino tātari i te "pewa" rite patu whakamātautau USSR. I pai te whakaturia enei whakapae, rite kua tātarihia i roto i te whānuitanga o te mana kaha o te radiation magnetoelectric mō tau maha.

Hei tauira, he kaiputaiao Tesla i roto i te rau tau wawe Kāre ahokore unga hiko, e tika ana ki nei i raru te supply te mana, me te kua puta rau o ahi ngahere e tika ana ki te whatitiri. I roto i "Spekyula" raraunga makasini rangahau kua whakaputaina e kitea e taea te tuku i te tahi mau tohu auau Magneto i roto i te whenua.

Ongó ki tona mata i te koki o 30 nga nekehanga, he hohonu i roto i te ngaru tu puka whenua e kua hanga e ki te ngaru tukuna e te matua whero-wera o te ao ratou. No te mea o tenei kia puta vero kōhauhau me ru.

E ai ki ngā pūrongo, kua whakapumautia nga Norwegians te teihana reo irirangi kaha, radiation magnetoelectric nei taea hoatu ara ki te ari nonlinear Kōhaungōtata e arai atu i te mahi noa o te kōpuku "Dougie."

kua tētahi atu wāhi o te rangahau kua te ahanoa o tohu tuku e pā te konä tangata.

onäianei

whakamārama Construction o te teihana e tata ana te Chernobyl karihi tipu te mana ki a ia ihirangi pūngao faahiahia. Raraunga i te "Chernobyl-2" tonu te whai i roto i te teihana whakahau, i runga i te whawhai ohipa ahanoa tonu-parirau ake noho: tu doorman ake ka mahi huri noa i te karaka. Tae atu ki ngā tohunga me te kairangahau.

I runga i te pae i roto i te tīmatanga o te ahi 1990 tupu, no te mea o te mea mutu te turanga ona mahi i roto i te pūnaha whakatūpato wawe.

tutuki nga hua whakamātautau tuatahi o te teihana Chernobyl i te aronga o nga ara pini-raki i. Nā ki te aroaro o nga potae neke, marutuna raruraru ionospheric me ētahi atu āhuatanga kino i roto i rohe neke, me te neke o te tūponotanga o te kimi rōnihi pere he iti rawa. I roto i tenei hononga, te kōpuku "Ljubech-1" Hoki ki te rework. I i kawea ai i te mitimiti "neke" hōtaka pera-ka karanga. Kua tohe ngā e mahi i te mutunga pai nga hua i.

E te ara, rorohiko i te uniana i 1S31G KarereHuna. Rorohiko K-340A mō te tukanga i te tohu hua ki ngā wāhanga motuhake. taputapu tuku tikanga mo te mihini-hanga tipu i roto i Dnipropetrovsk, a ngā o ngā teihana reo irirangi 26, ko te whare e rua-papa te rahi o ia o nei.

kiriata

Kua whakahuatia kua matou i runga ake i hanga e pā ana ki Chernobyl "Doug" Doc. kiriata. oti rawa kiriata autaia "Woodpecker Russian" te ki te tūhuratanga o te rerekē o te aitua Chernobyl, i puta i roto i 1986, i runga i 26 April. Ko tōna kaiwhakahaere Ko te American Chad Gracia. Ko te protagonist o te kaitoi peita Fedor Aleksandrovich, te tātari i te pūnaha totalitarian Soviet, te akapapu e kore i kōpeka tenei aituā.

ngā mōhiohio whai hua i roto i te kiriata i te rota - pai, e ai ta tetahi o nga interviewees e ki te whakarite i te aituā Chernobyl taea te tangata i te pinepine kaimahi o huarahi rerekē.