Count Shuvalov Potr Ivanovich: biography, te kainga

Cronyism, pu'eraa i - i i āwhina ki te pupuri i te marae emepaea i roto i Russia ki te hunga e whakahaere ana ki te tiki tata ki te mana. kotahi tamata te tangata taua ki te karapotia ia ki whanaunga. Heoi turakina Shuvalov hapu i te torona i roto i te tīmatanga o 50-doma o te whānau XVIII rau Razumovsky.

Camera-page Ivan Shuvalov (1727-1797)

i whanau Ivan ki te whānau kahurangi rawakore i roto i Moscow. Ko te taitara o "Tatau" kore Shuvalov Ivan Ivanovich kakahu - rānei i whanau i muri iho ranei, ka ko ia te kingi katoa-kaha. riro ia i te mātauranga pai i te kāinga, i mohio wha reo, lau he rota, i hiahia i roto i te toi a ka tupu tangata taitamariki ataahua, me te tano.

Cousins nei i i te marae o Elizabeth, i roto i te 14 tau i tangohia e ignoramus i Petersburg, a tautuhi reira i roto i-kāmera i te whārangi. I tenei tau, ko ia he tupu iti a pau tona wa noa katoa pānui pukapuka, me te kanikani, a kahore e ngākau kotiro taitamariki. Ko wha nga tau i muri mai i totoro ia atu i raro i rua mita te roa, me te waiho he tangata taitama, he ataahua. I te marena o tona tuahine ki a Prince Golitsinym Ivana kite te Empress Elizabeth. I roto i te 1749, ka hoatu e ia ki a ia tona taitara tuatahi. Ivan Shuvalov ko te gentleman o te whare moenga, e ko te tamaiti amiami. Na hanga tino ko ia anake ki wha tekau Empress te teina.

ruma nui

I maoro riro Ivan te taitara hou - tino rangatira ruma. Ko te nuinga o te marae, he rauaruhe hou Empress whakaaro râ poto-ora. Otiia noho te tupato, ataahua, kore apo hoki te moni, me te kore whakapehapeha Ivan i manakohia ki Erihapeti i mua te mate ia i roto i te 1761.

Ana 'ulungaanga whaiaro, rawa te kore o te tokonga ake ki te moni-hanga, i i taua wa rawa onge. Ko reira mīharo ki katoa, tae atu i te Empress me te parenga, e te whakamahia ki taua mea katoa i a ia te whakatutuki te ana'iraa, te whenua, peasants me te moni. chayala Aging Empress Erihapeti kore wairua i roto i tona kotahi i whiriwhiri, a ia, i roto i te noa'tu o te meka e ki tau, tona huru e kitea tupuheke, tukinotia ia ki te aroha ano.

Ngohe Ivan Shuvalov

e kore ahau e whakaaro e te i roto i te wahi e tika ana i te wa e tika, Ivan ka tika koa te ora me te hari ki te Empress, koroheke nui ki te hei tona whaea. Young, me te ataahua, fashionably me he kakahu, me tikanga pai, arahina e ia i te ora e kore e Dandy noa. whakakitea Shuvalov aroha rerekē mō te toi: ki toi, tuhinga, whare tapere.

Na, e mea ana ki te hanga i te Academy o Toi, i roto i te 1755 haere atu ia i Moscou FS Rokotoff a hoatu ana ki a ia te whai wāhi ki te timata whakangungu i roto i tona whare noa uakina ana e ia te Academy. A, i roto i te 1761 ka kite ia i tetahi kaitou i te whare o te toi heke mai Shubin. tautoko Ivan i tetahi wa, me te kaihanga o te whare tapere Russian tuatahi Volkov F. me A. Sumarokov - te kaitito me te pehe.

Fakataha ki Mikhail Lomonosov, ko ia te kaupapa, ka whakatuwheratia te University Moscow i te ingoa ra o tona whaea - i roto i te rā o Tatiana, i roto i te 1755. Tenei kaupapa, te tiaki ia he wa roa.

Shuvalov mau ngā kaiako, me ngā ākonga, me o ana pukapuka whakatakotoria te turanga mo te whare pukapuka whare wānanga, me te hanga ahua i te whare tā whare wānanga, e ka tā te tuhinga pūtaiao e kore anake, engari ano hoki i te "Moscow News".

Academy o Toi - tona uri katoa. huihuia e ia ngā kaiako ki waho, e rapu ana hoki ngā ākonga pūmanawa, te aroaro he kohinga o ana mahi peita o te Academy. Ana kaupapa tōrangapū, tonu i matau ruarua, te hua e whakaarohia i roto i te maha o te kaumatua me te whakapai ake o ratou mahi, streamlining te taero me i te ope, i whakapono ia e ki te hiahia hoatu matua ki Russian, me te kore tangata ke.

E rave rahi o mua o tona wa te Shuvalov whakaarohia me te whakaurua i roto i te ora anake i raro i Catherine II ko Paora I. I te 1757 tatau Vorontsov tukuna he tikanga tauira i runga i te mea i whakaritea I. I. Shuvalovu te taitara o te tatau, toofa, a kotahi tekau mano nga mua. Ko te taitara o Ivan kihai. I muri mai te taitara hōnore o "kiia" kihai i Ivan Shuvalov manako, me i Catherine I. kihai ia i pai ki tenei taitara.

Palace o Tatau Shuvalov

Ahakoa kihai i Ivan mau te taitara o te Kaute, engari ko te whare hanga pono grandiose, ni'ai te hauwhā katoa. Ko ia ka ko tonu (ahakoa hanga) i runga i ara Italian tata te Summer Palace o tona tapu kaiwhakaruruhau.

i rima tau hanga te whare i roto i te kāhua o te Baroque Erihāpeti. I hangaia te reira e te kaihoahoa S. Chevakinsky. Roto te whare tiaki whakapaipai hītori o te tomokanga ki te tīwae iti ki pane. Kei te nui whakapaipai te roto katoa o te whare ki te stucco. Ko Ko te nuinga tenei te whakatikatikanga i muri.

Ki te rā, i reira ko te Museum o Hygiene, me te whare ano tiakina e te kāwanatanga, no te mea he reira to tatou tuku iho hītori, me te ahurea.

Mate o Elizabeth

I muri i te matenga o tona kaiwhakaruruhau tapu noho Ivan toru tekau ma rima nga tau hoki. kihai ia i feaa, te oati ka mau ia i roto i 1762, te Empress hou, engari haere atu i te marae. Ehara i te ko reira he whakama, engari te reira tonu ke tona tūranga kua reira.

haere Rūtene-Tianara Shuvalov ki waho. I titiro atu ia i te marae o Marie Antoinette, ka haere ia ki te porohita kuiti o tona huarahi, me te pera-ka karanga Lilac League. kua takoto i kaupapa here o France, a, ki te kahore Ivan, he tangata o parakore, mātauranga, e kore reira manene tuwhera-whakaaro i.

A, no te kitea tenei i Catherine II, i tika miharo ia. Na, e matau ana hoki ki waho, ko te torona kanga rangatira Russian, he mana i roto i Europe, hoatu te Empress ia he maha o ngā taumahi takawaenga. whakamana ia ratou ki te kanapa me te riro te ana'iraa o te runanga romiromia,.

I roto i te 1776, ka hoki Shuvalov ki Russia. I homai e ia he penihana o tekau mano moni, a ka i whakatairangatia ana ia ki tino rangatira ruma. Tenei, ratau, ko te paetukutuku teitei o te iari - tuarua ki te Empress anake. Otiia i roto i te whānui, Shuvalov - he rangatira nui rawa, te minion o te waimarie, kei te arahina tūmataiti inaianei. anō-whakaritea e ia i roto i tona whare, a whakahaeretia he Salon tuhituhinga te tina mō kaitito Derzhavin ko ahau Dmitriev, ko Admiral Alexander Shishkov philologist, translator o Homer E. Kostrova. mohio ia me pehea ki te oaoa i te ora, me te mau mai ki reira te pai o hoa.

Shuvalov katoa tona ora roa, a 70 nga tau i ora ai ia, haere tahi e kore hae, me te kororia o te mahara, atawhai, tangata tika. Ehara i te mea i reira ko tetahi ora o ona whanaunga.

Petr Ivanovich Shuvalov (1711-1762)

haere mai Pyotr i gentry Kostroma kawanatanga. Tona papa, te rangatira mano o Vyborg, i taea e ki te tāpiri i te whārangi i te marae o Petra Velikogo te tama. A, no te mate te kingi, ka mau ia ki tetahi wahi i roto i te koroneihana o Catherine I. I roto i te ratonga whārangi, ako ia nga whakaritenga katoa o te marae, ka ko e taea, whakawhetai ki tenei, atu mahi marae.

A, no te te tamahine Velikogo Petra me tana tane mahue mo Kiel, tahi ki a ratou ki te kia mahi ki a kāmera whārangi-PA Shuvalov. I reira i whiwhi ia i te wheako te ora hou.

I muri hoatu whanau ki tana tama, te heke mai Hiha Pita III, ka mate a Anna Petrovna a hoki ana P. Shuvalov ki Russia, arahi te oko ki te tinana o te rangatira i karauna i roto i 1728. I roto i enei tau tutaki ia ki te Mavroy Egorovnoy Shevelevoy, e ka marenatia. ko ia he hoa tata o Princess Elizabeth Petrovna me muri nui i āwhina te mahi o te kingi hao.

e tata ana te torona

I muri hoki mai i ki waho mahi Shuvalov pono kāmera-tauira Princess Elizabeth.

ka mau a Petro he wahi kaha i roto i te tukipoto i te 1741, te whakatū Elizaveta Petrovna ki te torona, a i roto i te mauruuru riro ia te ana'iraa marae nui o te ruma. Kei te tipu haere te reira i tere, me tona mahi hōia. Tuatahi, ia - ka tiaki rūtene me whānui nui anake, engari ko te tau e whai ake nei i te rūtene, a hohoro te apiha tautoko-whānui.

Teitei o tona mahi tere noa, kia rite ki Elizaveta Petrovna kore e wareware i te ahuareka i roto kaiāwhina maramarama nei i āwhina tiki ia torona. Ka whiwhi Petro te Order o St. Anne me kōrero. riro Aleksandra Nevskogo me te toofa. A i roto i te 1746, i roto i te mua o tatou puta Count kua reira Shuvalov. E tenei wa i marenatia e ia kē ki te "huna ana", rite mea ratou, te pononga o te kororia Mavre Egorovne Shepelevoy, e, rite te tuakana, Alexander, ko wai i kotahi tekau tau i te marae, i awhina hohoro ia te neke ake i te arawhata umanga.

Way ake

I te tīmatanga, katoa o ana mahi i roto i te Ope Front. Ia, me ki tona paratunu whai wāhi i roto i te koroneihana o te Empress i Moscow. Na ka mahi tona paratunu i rārangi, engari te Kaute Shuvalov hohoro taukei i kōti, me te kore iti hohoro whiwhi te paetukutuku teitei - Field Marshal. Ka taea e ia te mea, e takatakahi ana kaia i roto i te ora ōhanga me te tōrangapū o te whakapaipai e rua, kia rite ki te pai rite puta noa i te kingitanga.

Offers Tatau P. Shuvalov

Kua i roto i 1745 tatau kua whakawhanakehia Shuvalov he kaupapa i runga i te kohinga o te takoha me ki te aro nama. kite Empress i roto ia ia i te tangata e taea whakahauora i te kororia o mua o te kāwanatanga. whakarongo ia āta ki tona tono mo te whakakapinga o takoha hāngai autaki, ki te Tangohia utu mo te ope o te kohinga tote o minting moni parahi (o pauna o parahi i minted i te hawhe, a ka wha nga wa rite nui te moni, e hopoi mai atu te pai ki te takotoranga moni). Ko te Empress roa maua e te tukauati o whakangahau, na kei te āta hāngai te mana i roto i nga ringa o apo, me te moni-hiakai Pita Ivanovich.

I roto i te 1753, i tona mana'o, i whakakorea nga mau ohipa ritenga ā-, a i roto i 1755, i te whakaaetia te tikanga Customs hou whai wāhi mātātoa.

Huringa i roto i te ope

Kua i 1751, ka ka whānui-i roto i-rangatira P. Shuvalov, ko reira whakahau tata kaiwhakahe o te wehenga. E whakaatu ana ia ngakau nui faahiahia, neke me te aki kaimahi, te whakangungu a ratou, patu Division, a whai wāhi tona pūeru. Ka haere mai tenei i roto i te pepa i muri i runga i, ka e he whawhai-tau e whitu ki Prussia i te 1756

nga ope katoa e kiia hoatu Shuvalov puhipuhi whakangungu me te corps rāhui, i ngā o toru tekau mano iwi. he mōhio ki a ia i tenei take, a pai ia whakaoti nga tikanga o nga pu hou, pu me kākahu hou.

I taua wa, i whakaritea e ia General-feldtseyhmeysterom, e te tikanga te whakahau o te pū, me te te engineering corps. Count Shuvalov deploys mahi whakangungu Carriers me tuku ki te kaumatua he kaupapa ki te hanga i tētahi howitzer hou.

Te kore te haere ki kōrero hangarau, kia tuhia te reira e te mea kua whāngai reira me, engari ko reira tutuki. Ko e whai ake nei te mea i huaina "Unicorn" ko te paetae. Tenei Carriers howitzer whakaaro M. Danilov ko Sergei Martynov, a ka whakamahia ai ki te tautoko i hōia whawhai i roto i te tata i te rau tau i muri i tona tenenga. Ko te ingoa e pā ana te ki te hiahia ki te patipati i te tīwae runga nei tohu i whakaaturia tenei kararehe fantastic.

Ko te koti o ringa o Tatau Pita Shuvalov

Ko te ahua o te kau maka e toru ngā i roto i te koti o ringa o Tatau Shuvalov. Tuatahi, kua māngai ki runga ki te poari, me tuarua, mau ia he whakangungu rakau me te, tuatoru, ki te maui o te potae ki coronet o te tatau. He pohū toru fakamanatu o te rironga ki te torona o Elizabeth. mea ana te taua kei te me te tuhituhinga.

I runga i te heke o Elizabeth e ahau

Count Shuvalov ka riro Erihapeti i te matenga märena de o te kāwanatanga Russian. Katoa e fokotu'u te tatau kōrero kei roto i te kaumatua. Heoi, pipiri ore, i roto i te rerekē ki te whanaunga, ko reira rerekē. E mea pinepine fana'o tona mahi ia, ka tūkino i te taonga.

Tino, i ia te tika ki te hoko i te ngahere, ngako me te pera. I hoki Hī mō ika me hiri i roto i te Moana White ko Te Moana o Kapiana tona heriheri. whai wāhi Count Shuvalov i hokona atu i te tupeka, i ia te mahi rino pai. mea te hoa, te State-wahine Erihapeti te ki kua ka i roto i tutei rarangi, me tohu mo te moni.

I muri i te matenga o Elizabeth, i te noa'tu o te huru pai Pita III, tīmata Earl ki te tiki mate a mate i roto i 1762. Ana huru pai me kaha nga te kaha ki te whakarite i nga mea, me te kawe mai i nga mea katoa ki te mutunga. Na noho ana ia i tona ora ki te kaha, Kaute hao Shuvalov. whakaatu tona haurongo i ko ia he tangata makehe, engari to'utangata aroha fingered, kauwhata whakakake, me te fabulously taonga kore tonu te whakamahia.

Tatau mahuetanga Pyotr

e amo Ko tētahi e mahue te Tatau kua he waimarie nui i muri i tona matenga. No te mea rere noa te moni ki tona awa. Heoi, e kore i te pena tenei. Earl ko te tangata rawa tōtōā. Tana mono - tama Andrei Petrovich - mahue nama anake i roto i te nui o 92 mano moni. Otiia i roto i te tau o Catherine Andrei Petrovich kihai i kia ngaro, a ka meinga he toofa, apooraa romiromia,, kawana o te Bank me kaituhi. tonu e ia te whare o nga Counts Shuvalov, e noho kē i roto i te rau tau XIX.

teina Tawhito Shuvalov

tae Alexander (1710-1771) tahi ki tona teina i te marae o Pita ahau, a tīmata hoki tana mahi rite te whārangi. Ko runga rite te marae o Princess Elizabeth, ko ia i roto i te tiaki o tona ōhanga iari. I aua ra ko reira he tūranga nui.

I muri i te tukipoto whare, i roto i i tangohia e nga teina e rua he wahi kaha, ka haere Alexander ki te tupu. Hei timata ki roto i 1742, i te reira iti anake pa nga take o te Chancellery Secret, engari pai te Empress kihai i mahue ia.

whakawhiwhia te reira i te Order Aleksandra Nevskogo, ka hua he rūtene-whānui, he iti i muri mai - i roto i kaiwhakahauhau mana whānui. A mai 1746, ko tatou i mua i Count kua Shuvalov Aleksandr Ivanovich, whakakapi nga tūranga o te matenga mate o te Chancellery Secret me upoko o ona ka tona ora katoa.

I roto i te kingitanga o Elizabeth ahau, a Pita III tae noa 1762, i wehi ia, ka kinongia. Otiia pai ia ki te mahi ki ngā take arumoni, e taea te āwhina te waihanga i tētahi āhua. kore Elizaveta Petrovna wareware kaiāwhina pono ka whakawhiwhia ia i roto i 1753 te tohu teitei o te Russian Empire - te Order o St .. Andreya Pervozvannogo.

I muri mai Shuvalov ka riro i te toofa me kaiwhakahaere mara whānui. I muri i te kingitanga o Catherine, i tonoa e ia ki tona whenua e tata ana Moscow. E te ara, nga teina e toru, ko reira te tangata tino uninteresting taea e koe te mea, taekore.

domesticity

I marenatia Graf Aleksandr Ivanovich ki Ekaterina Ivanovna Kastyurinoy. i apo, me te takare tenei hapu, fakame'apango'ia ara te moni i runga i kakahu e rite ana to ratou mana. whanau te tamahine a Catherine i roto i to ratou faaipoiporaa, homai nei i roto i te faaipoiporaa ki Count G. I. Golovkina.

A, no te ka Alexander ahau reira he State-wahine. He he nounou e whanau tana whare Moscow i A. S. Pushkin. he hiahia i roto i te whare tapere ia, a ka meinga tona pa kaha te tuara o nga kanikani o te Ballet Bolshoi. Ko urikore ona tama, a kahore te te tamahine marenatia. Na i tenei peka Shuvalov uri.

I runga i te tauira o Shuvalov hapu e taea whakaaro pēhea te rerekē i te taua iwi nei i te taua pakiaka.