Yak-130: ngā whakaritenga hangarau, whakaahuatanga me te arotake o te kaupapa

I roto i te neke atu i te rau tau o te hītori rererangi i pā "rere rōpū" mihini ki momo tawhitotia. whakapono te reira e me ako i te pairati heke mai ngā pūkenga whakahaere tuatahi i te tahi mea i mua noa whiwhi koutou ki te pailati o rererangi hou. I takahi tenei iho OKB kaihoahoa ratou. hanga A. S. Yakovleva me NPK "Irkut", te Yak-130 whakaritenga e haere mai ofi ange ki nga tawhā o te wha o nga interceptors, a i roto i te tahi mau rave'a noa te rima whakatupuranga.

"Manu o te Pāti"

Hoki wha tekau tau, whakamahia kura rere hoki whakangungu irirangi Tiekerowākia L-29 me L-39. I mua, ko te kaiurungi heke mai whakaakona i runga i te Yak-52, ara mua - te Yak-18. I mua i te pakanga, "e rere i te tēpu" mahi te rongonui U-2 (hoki e mohiotia ana ko Po-2). I muri i te tiango o te Soviet Union me nga mihini hapori puni, i hanga te Technology Park o ngā kura rererangi teitei, whiwhi pakeke, e kore e morare anake, engari ano hoki i roto i te, te tikanga tinana tino ohie. Kāti tuku i te rererangi e kore anake ano, engari ano hoki nga wahi e manawapa, a he piki haere fakaongosia ora ratonga. I kino ai te āhuatanga i te takamuri o te turanga whakangungu hangarau i runga i te āhuatanga tūturu i roto i te Force Air, e timata tae i roto i te pūnaha Interceptor hou me mua mig-29 me Su-27. I kaiurungi whakangungu L-39 mō te mīhini hou riro raruraru, ki te kahore e taea. Ano, i roto i Russia reira ko he kura whakangungu pairati, i koa he ingoa te ao tiketike, me te ngaro e kia he tenei mākete.

I roto i te wawe 90-doma o te whakahau o te Air Forces o te USSR tīmataria te mahi hoahoa i roto i te mara o te hanganga o te rererangi whakangungu hou. I te pae hopea, i mohio te pai kua rite te Yak-130: āhuatanga hangarau he reira tino rite ki te hiahia o te hōia. Reira i tupu, Heoi, e kore e tonu, ko mua o te whakataetae.

kōwhiringa whakataetae

Ratou whakaaro i runga i te hoahoanga o te heke mai o UGC (whakangungu matatini) korerotia i roto i te tīmatanga o 1991, e wha nga KB:

- "Sukhoi".

- ANPK "mig".

- OKB. A. S. Yakovleva.

- EMZ ratou. VM Myasishcheva.

I titoa TTZ ahua nuinga ki, a reira ariā tino rerekē. "Sukhoi" e whakaarohia ana he tauira C-54, i te mea he putanga o te Interceptor Su-27, taunga ki te whāinga akoranga. Ko te nuinga o hāngai ki te whakangungu tēnei mīhini ite kua kaiurungi atu hoki tīmata. OKB, he mahara ki nga mau fifi ōhanga i roto i te whenua i whiriwhiria ki te whakaiti utu, a ka rite ki te hua whiwhi ratou he inexpensive, engari e kore e whakatau rawa te tūmanako o Air Force rererangi. I roto i myasishchev ki te pātai ka haere ake auaha mā te whakahere putanga mātanga, arā, o tika "rōpū whai parirau" me te matatini whakangungu whenua, engari ahua kawea atu, a ko te utu rawa, haunga kore māhanga-pūkaha te kaupapa, rite tohua i roto i te Tor. Ko yakovlevtsy angitu katoa, whakahaere ki te pupuri i tata whakaritenga katoa optimally. tata ki te kaupapa o nāianei, te mahi rere o te Yak-130, me te huinga o ngā kōwhiringa i roto i te puka o simulators mahi, me te tukanga e hāngai ana i runga i ngā rorohiko me ngā akomanga rorohiko whakaratohia etahi painga Sagittal. Mikoyan ko Yakovlev, te hunga i ui ki te mahi tahi - rite ki te whakatau o te Scientific me Hangarau Komiti o te Force Air, nga kirimana ki nga bureaus hoahoa e rua kua mutu.

hoa ke

He pai te mohio raruraru ki pūtea kāwanatanga o nga tau tuatahi o te oraraa o te Russia motuhake. KB mō te whakaoti i te raruraru i fehangahangai ki te hiahia ki te kitea pūtea. I roto i ngā, whakakitea te kaupapa moni i roto i te kamupene French "Turbomeca" (engines) me "Thomson" (Avionics), ite mau fifi i roto i te hononga ki te kati o te hōtaka "Arepa Jet". Faaite te whakaaro o te mahi tahi, me te Itariana (kaihanga rererangi u "Ermakki"), ano aki e te mākete o Ingarangi. I tenei wāhi, i mohio ai i tetahi atu āhuatanga nui hokohoko ko te meka e te rererangi whakangungu "parakore" he pea ki te kia i roto i tono tiketike i roto i te mākete, engari ki te taea te whakamahi i te reira hoki rite te whawhai, he mea rerekē. tahuri te reira i roto i taua he reira pai hāngai Yak-130, āhuatanga rauhanga, me te hangarau o nei, tae atu ki te whānuitanga whakahaere, ara te taimaha kawenga, tere me te raka, e hāngai ana ki ngā whakaritenga ke.

Motupaika me te hoahoa whānui

Ētahi huringa ki te whakaritenga kitea i roto i te ahua o te Airframe: meinga rounder tona ihu (teihana hihiani whatu-tauwāhi ranei inaianei kua tāuta reira). inaianei i reira ki te whakaako e kore anake kaiurungi Russian engari ano hoki ke, a kia riro te reira i ki pūkete i te hoahoa o te Yak-130. Kua āta tātarihia ngā āhuatanga hangarau o te mihini hou rite Russian Su-27 me mig-29 me US F-16,. I kitea te reira e hiahiatia te rererangi i ki ake i te koki mōrahi o te whawhai ki te 40 °, me te noa teitei. I roto i te whānui, i te huri mai e hiahiatia ana. whiwhi rite ki te kaupapa whāngai mo te rima o-whakatupuranga Interceptor, tae atu i te āhua ngā o te parirau, me tona mechanization tiketike motupaika General, neke atu katoa-neke stabilizer me poutū hiku.

Simulator me demonstrator

Ko te huru tino nui mo te whakatū o te rererangi whakangungu hou ko te whakamahi o te whakatutukitanga o te hangarau mamati hou. Ko te pūtake o te pūnaha katoa i runga i te poari i te taputapu maitai Russian me taputapu, tae atu ki te integrated mamati-waea SU me reprogramming kaha ki te whakatū i te momo o te waka rererangi e ka rere i te pairati. I tua atu, i roto i te wā tuatahi o te rererangi whakangungu "mateaki" ki te tauhou tauira, kei te muru nei i ia ia, a ka riro atu, me te ake tino. maha te Russian Air Force whakataruna rerenga i Su me MiGs, engari, i roto i te parau tumu, i reira he mea uaua ki te waihanga i te tokonga o te mana Pākehā "Mirage-2000", "Rafal", "Typhoon" ranei te American F-18, F- 16 ko F-15 me F-35, a ka tomo ki te simulator hōtaka o ngā āhuatanga rauhanga, me te hangarau. Yak-130D (atu pukapuka tikanga "demonstrator") i hanga i tona rere tuatahi i roto i April 1996.

whakatārewatanga waho

Ki te tika, kia whakamahia te rererangi rite te wae ru.

Whakatika ki te toru taranata o missiles me poma e taea te kawe Yak-130. āhuatanga Hangarau, tae atu i te tere o te piki me te huri mai, i roto i te pūnaha tino utaina, o te akoranga, ka whiwhi kino, engari kua tukua te reira i roto i te hui o te pānga tupuhi i roto i ngā o te rangi aoniu.

I muri i te ariā whānui o tono ao, kaihoahoa rawa rererangi waru hahi whakatārewatanga raro i te parirau, me te kotahi pylon ventral. Ka taea te tukua patu i roto i ngā ngā:

- P SD-73 "rangi-ki-rangi" - pcs 4.

- X SD-25M "rangi-mata" - 4 RW.

- Nursaya i roto i poraka UB-32, e-IP-25 me ētahi atu gauges (57 ki te 266 mm.) - kia rite ki te maha o tautau.

- pōma 250 ranei 500 kg (tae atu concrete-) - kia rite ki nga here taimaha.

- rīpene poma RBK-500.

- Tanks hei tahutahu ST-500.

- Containers pū repo.

Hei whakanui i te pūtoro o te whawhai kotahi toru ranei haereere kia whakamahia ai mo te whakatārewatanga o atu tāke wahie.

āhuatanga o

He whakamīharo tohu whāinga, rawa whakaaro te rahi ngā iti me te taimaha o te Yak-130.

Ko te mahi whakaritea o te Yak-130:

• roa - 11 245 mm;
• parirau - 9720 mm;
• tiketike - 4760 mm;
• taimaha te wakarererangi mōrahi - ki runga ki te 9 m;
• kawenga whawhai - 3 m;
• tere mōrahi - 1.050 km / h;
• tuanui mahi - 12,000 m;
• kikī o +8 G ki -3G;
• koki tīkina o whakaeke - 40 deg.;
• whānui i waho PTB - ki te 1060 km;
• Ferry tawhiti i waho PTB - ki runga ki te 2000 km;
• roa te wakarererangi - 335 m;
• tere tango-atu - 195 km / h;
• tere tauranga - 180 km / h;
• roa - 10 mano haora rere 30 tau maramataka ranei ..

raupapa kāwanatanga

I te mutunga o te take mano tau o kaiurungi hōia te tino heke i roto i te rite ki nga wa Soviet. Heoi, i roto i te tua ki ngā kura, o nei i reira e toru anake, te hiahia mo te whakamātautau motokā maatua e pokapū ritenga hou. Ano, kua tupu te utu o wahie i roto i te kotahi tekau nga tau whakamutunga tino me te tōtika o tona auau rere (o 600 l / h) i te mua L-39 pai hou Yak-130. Whakaahuatanga, āhuatanga mahi, te taea o te whakamätau i whakangungu i runga i ngā mīhini o ngā momo rerekē - meinga tenei katoa e te tīmatanga o te hanga rangatū o te UTI hou.

opuaraa

Ko te kiritaki matua - te Russian Air Force. hanga ana te waka rererangi i runga i Naz "Sokol" ki te auau o e pā ana ki te tatini cars tau. Tuhinga Hanganga whakaritea whakangungu Krasnodar. Air Force Commander General o te Army Vladimir Mikhailov fakafo'ituitui ite Yak-130. āhuatanga Hangarau o te rererangi, huri mai, kua hanga he whānui o terenga me noho pai o te mahi whānui te mana'o pai. I roto i te tau e haere mai ana ka kia nui haere te maha o ngā waka i roto i nga wae whakangungu me ngā pokapū whakangungu ki rau e toru, me te rahi katoa o te mākete, tae atu ki ngā kaihoko ke, tata tohunga te ahua i roto i 1000.