Mōrahi paerewa tukunga whakaaetia me ratou

Hei whakahaere i te katoa o te taiao i reira he kotahi anake ara - te whakataki o MPE (mōrahi paheke whakaaetia) ki puna o contamination me mana tino i runga i te whakatinanatanga o enei paerewa. E ai ki nga tikanga MPE huinga hangarau, me te pūtaiao i raro e kore e te ihirangi roto i te kahu mata o pollutants rangi i te plurality o puna hei paerewa kounga teitei e kua hiahiatia hoki te taupori, me te te me te ao kararehe o te rohe.

Tāuta MPE me mana

Tüturu, mo ia puna, taea ki te paru i te huru, whakaturia paheke tīkina mōrahi ko. Here pērā i ki te tuku i te parakino i te tirohanga o te purara me pāhekoheko ki ētahi atu wāhanga e kore te hanga ngä nohanga pa ana te kounga rangi, me te nui rawa i te täkupu whakapumautia. E pā ana hoki tēnei ki kamupene takitahi me te huinga katoa o ngā puna o te whakataunga pollutants rangi. I tua atu, kia mohio ki te whakaaro tirohanga katoa o te whanaketanga o hinonga.

anga ture branched Russia te ki te whakarato i te mana kāwanatanga ki runga i poke katoa, te aromātai i te tukanga kounga rangi me te mana na roto i te haamauraa i tona purenga MPE paerewa. He aha e nga tukunga whakaaetia mōrahi? Ko tenei ta tatou e mea i roto i te tuhinga.

tuhinga

I roto i to tatou whenua e mahi i tenei ra tuhinga normative - "Mōrahi kukū whakaaetia (MPC) o pollutants mō ngā wāhi noho tangata", e ngā 628 matū kino, mōrahi, me toharite MPC kotahi-wā, i ia matū o te piha haapiiraa mōrearea, tohu rohe mōrearea. He he ano hoki he wāhanga mō te pehi i te tuku o matū "B" no te mea o ratou mahi koiora faahiahia. Taua matū riria me e toru tekau ma waru.

I faateiteihia e te pāmahana te tukunga whakaaetia mōrahi o matū kino ki te huru i te puna kotahi, ngā i roto i te kukū mata o rangi, engari e kore nei e nui te MAC tātai e tātai motuhake. Regulates te kounga o te taiao, me te i raro i te mana o MPE, i te mea te hangarau tukanga e e pūtaiao tāia. paheke tīkina mōrahi (MPE) o matū kino ki te huru i ngā mātāpuna ahumahi e takoto i runga i te whakatakoto me te ako o ngā ratou tawhā me ngā āhuatanga o te matū kino e kua tukua ki te huru me tikanga kōhauhau o te kau.

Tātaitanga o ngä nohanga whakaaetia

Hei kawe i ārai te tirotiro parukore, me te wā tuku kerēme tika ki ngā mahi whakangahau katoa i roto i te tikanga ki te tika te whakatau i te tukunga whakaaetia mōrahi (MPE) e pā ana ki ngā tipu ahumahi whakamahi raraunga motuhake mō te tātai i te kukū o ke matū kōhauhau.

Whakatakotoria he uara paerewa, ki te whakarato i te tiaki mo te taiao rangi i te matū taiao kino tuha ki te huru - te paheke whakaaetia mōrahi: rōrahi o te parakino ia wa wae (nga puna contamination kotahi). Ko te taikaha o te uara aratohu ko te taikaha o MPC i te taiao e karapoti te puna o te poke, e arata'i ki te pānga tino kino mo te rohe e karapoti ana, a mo te hauora o te taupori, i reira ora.

ture

Ko te rōrahi o "Tiaki o te kōhauhau" tuhia te mahi i mahia e te matenga tari te whakahaere, i reira te hanga ano whakaaro rite ki te mea e waiho te mōrahi tukunga whakaaetia o pollutants ki te kōhauhau (MPE) me NE - tukunga poto whakaae - mo te hinonga. I roto i "tukanga māori Time" whakaatu te hanganga o tenei rōrahi.

whenua katoa ahumahi whai ture taiao, te whai i te whāinga o whāiti parahanga o te kōhauhau me te taiao. I roto i Russia, te ture "I Air Protection", e he hakari te MPE tohu ture, MPC ko RāRRā (takitarotia whakaae) o matū kino. Whanaketanga o ngā mahere mahi, te tiaki i te peihana rangi, e hāngai ana i runga i nga hua o inenga.

Na, tuhia te whakamutunga i roto i ngā pūrongo tauanga (Puka №2-TP - rangi), whakamahia i roto i te tātai ōwehenga, e whakaatu nga tukunga tīkina mōrahi o matū kino. Ko ha konga o te whakarite e te mahi o te hanga, me te āta whakarite i te objectivity o aukati moni - utu mō pira. I tua atu, ki te tika utu haumi tika, me te kouma ū ki ngā whakaritenga taiao i roto i te heke mai, homai te whāinga pāpori, me te pūtea o te hanga.

mehua ngā mo te tiaki o te rangi te viivii

Hoki ia hinonga whakahaere whakawhanakehia kaupapa tukunga tīkina mōrahi o pollutants. karanga tenei hoki ki mehua whakarite tikanga o te hinu koraha, e mau ana i roto i tohu kaiao o hinonga, me te te wāhi matatini rangahau geo-hauropi o te hanga hinu me ngā wāhanga katoa o mana o nga hinonga o te hanga hinu.

A, no te hoahoa hou, me te toe langa ngā hinonga, mo ia o ratou, he tauira o te mōrahi tukunga whakaaetia o matū kino. whakahuatia MPC ariā i roto i enei paerewa ko rite toharite nohanga whakaaetia (SDK), e taea whakatika te rōrahi te pira tīkina mōrahi o kanoirite iratuki, hei tauira, ki te taiao.

MPC i roto i te oneone

Ko te tino uaua ki te whakatū i mōrahi tukunga tīkina o pollutants i te oneone. oneone i roto i iti iho i te pūkoro atu te mata o te wai, me te huru, na te haaputuputuraa o te pūhui matū tomo te oneone, i reira te mea he roa te wa.

Hoki tenei take, te take matua whakatau te MPE mo te hinonga rōpū ranei o hinonga, mo te wa mahi e hiahiatia ana mo te haaputuputuraa o te pira ki te taumata MAC. Heoi, ko te oneone hohe tonu tukanga microbiological, i reira puta tukanga tinana, me te matū e taui i te matū ke tomo ki te oneone, me te hōhonu, me te kore e whakaritea ahurei te aronga.

huarahi rerekē

Ki te whakaaro ki te tauira mōrahi tukunga whakaaetia (MPE), e taea te whakahaere pira parakino anake whakaritea ki reira, a ka kua meinga reira ki rite ki te rohe. Tukunga wehenga ki whakaritea me ta◊emaau fakatokãteline titau te huarahi rerekē ki te kaute, me te mana.

Hei tauira, tāmau pūnaha hau whakawera hou, me te ara te whakakapinga o ngā pūnaha ngā whakahaere i runga i te wai wera steam ranei, he haumaru te taiao hoki. Ngingiha o te hau tūturu whakarato waikura hauota me te waro hāoratahi. Ahakoa i roto i te haurehu waihā tahunga wahie tīari puta noa pira whakaaetia mōrahi.

Na, mo te tauira, maha kore otaota matū ki te pupuri i te kukū o te pira parakino. Na ka whakaurua ngā wāhanga tukunga whakaiti, ia tika tāuta poto ruruku (UTC). Me tautuku ēnei pira ki tohu paerewa tangohia hoki hinonga ki te kaha ano.

puta ngā hua Tuhinga i roto i ia pūrongo ia whā marama, me te ā-tau. Wai whakaturia nga tukunga whakaaetia mōrahi? He he he whakahaere taua - Goskomgidromet, i te mea te paerewa whakairoiro katoa o te ihirangi o matū kino i roto i te pira ahumahi.

I te kaitiaki hauora tūmatanui

tikanga akuaku Pūnoa i roto i te hanga whakaurunga me i te rohe katoa o te hinonga, me te i roto i te kainga tukua te ihirangi o matū kino, e kore nei e nui nga ngā o te pira whakaaetia mōrahi. Hoki hanganga ture mutunga ki te MPC me ko te kaupapa o te pira whakaaetia mōrahi mō ia kamupene me ia taonga.

He ko he ture o te Federation Russian: "Parenga Environmental", "tahumaero me te hauora pai-oranga o te taupori" me "tiaki Air", rite ki nei nga tukunga me tukunga o pūhui kino, kawea tikanga ururua i roto anake i runga i te kaupapa o te whakamanatanga, puta nei e tinana kāwanatanga mana motuhake. e Resolution ki pūkete katoa o MPE me MPD (tukunga me tukunga), me te maha atu tikanga mo te huru tupato ki te taiao, me te hauora tangata.

Ngā o te tuhia

Tetahi kamupene e kua ara anake te puna o te pira kino kia Hukihuki MPE. Ki te he i te iti rawa kia kotahi tumera ngonge ifi he wheketere iti he whakahauanga mo te mahi o te tipu tenei tuhinga. Ko te ture taiao o te Russian Federation regulates te hiahia mo te kaupapa taua.

arotakengia mōrahi paheke whakaaetia te katoa 5 tau, me te whakahaere i te kaupapa tino i roto i tenei wa. kia arataki ngā āhuatanga motuhake te faatitiaifaroraa mua o te MPE. Hei tauira:

• Kua puta ke āhuatanga kaiao i roto i te rohe;
• kua puta ke te maha o ngā mātāpuna o te pira: i reira e hou tīariari nekehia atu ranei;
• huri o te hōtaka hanga o te hinonga me te faaohipa i te reira, kua puta ke te hangarau i runga i.

Ki te kore haapa'o ki paerewa whakapumautia, ka whai ki te utu mo te tetahi e nui te tukunga tīkina mōrahi te kamupene. Ko te whanaketanga o te rohe tauira tukunga, tenei mahi matatini, me te wero, whakamana tonu i ngaio.

Whanaketanga o MPE

āhuatanga taketake o te whai ake:

• wātea katoa hei wāhanga o te ahanoa kitea ki puna tukunga rārangi. Whakaemi te rārangi o puna katoa o nga pollutants tukuna.
• utu whakaae me te wā ränei. He kirimana mo te hoahoa me te ruruku o MPE.
• MPE kaupapa e whakaaetia i roto i te marae kāwanatanga.
• Te faaineineraa i teie nei faati'a mo te tukunga tīkina mōrahi.

He matatini kore anake, engari ano rawa haepapa te hui. I roto i te take o te mahi-kore mahi hē o te whanaketanga o te rōrahi o MPE ranei, he raro ki te taunahatanga whakahaere tino te kamupene: kua mōrearea te reira ki whaina taimaha, me te ara whakatārewatanga o runga ki te iwa tekau nga ra.

He te whāinga e whai ake nei Inventory o puna tukunga (te wāhi taketake tuatahi):

• kite me te pono pūkete o puna katoa o parahanga i roto i te rohe tauwāhi hinonga;
• Kimi puna, rōrahi me te hanganga o te pira;
• matū moni kaute kino (pollutants) ki te taiao.

Ko te ihirangi o MPE kaupapa

Tūtohutanga e pā ana ki te waihanga o te hoahoa MPE mo hinonga whakatau te hanganga o te hanga kaupapa. kia whakaurua tenei i roto i te wāhanga e whai ake nei whakahauanga.

1. Waitara.
2. Kupu Whakataki.
3. Mōhiohio e pā ana te hinonga.
4. Ngā āhuatanga o te hinonga i roto i ngā o te puna kōhauhau.
5. Ko te hua o te tātai me te faaotiraa o te MPE matua.
6. Rārangi o mehua ki te whakahaere i te pira, ki te he kino tikanga huarere.
7. Ko te whakatūnga o te mana i runga i te whakatinanatanga o ngā paerewa i roto i te hinonga.

Tuhinga e hiahiatia ana mo te whanaketanga o te kaupapa VAP:

• Mahi mōhiohio poto i runga i te hanga, te hanganga, me te tokotoko o te hinonga, whakaahua ana te mahi me ngā āhuatanga o ngā mea katoa (e rua hanga, me te arumoni wehewehenga, tari, wāhanga, kapa, tari, tari, whakaurunga, whare, a na i runga i).
• Hoki ētahi atu kōrero o te kamupene. Ko te kamupene kāri ara iahiko, me te-a whakaritenga kāri ara iahiko.
• Ko te tiwhikete o te rēhitatanga o te kāwanatanga o te hinonga ture.
• Taunakitanga o mana o te whenua, whare, whare, hanganga, ranei he riihi mo reira katoa.
• tiwhikete whakapaunga o ngā rauemi mata ia tau.
• Rārangi o taputapu tukanga.
• whakaahuatanga Taipitopito o te tukanga katoa.
• Mōhiohio e pā ana te aroaro o te PSU (whiriwhiringa puehu), he kape o te uruwhenua i runga i te CCP, tona mahi, a na reira i runga i.
• pūnaha Scheme HVAC ki raraunga tika e pā ana ki te teitei me diameters o putorino, pā pane me ratou hua, te maha o ngā hāora mahi ia ra, me te pera i runga i.
• FAQ e pā ana i te waka i runga i te whārangi toenga o te kamupene, te tauwhāiti te maha, kōeke, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki o ratou wahi o te waka rokiroki ranei wāhi o ratou tiaki, me te hanga.
• tiwhikete tohu o te mātauranga taiao e kawenga mō te taiao o te hinonga.
• kaupapa tukunga mua (ki te kore te hou i hanga te kamupene).

Tātaitanga o MPE

Hei tātai i te MPE he tātai tikanga e tika ana. Ki te mārama me pēhea te MPE tāuta, e hiahia ana koe ki te mohio i te āhuatanga matua e tohu i te purara o te pira:

• Climate me ngā āhuatanga kōhauhau;
• wāhi puna parakino tukunga;
• whenua me ona āhuatanga;
• āhuatanga Physico-matū o tukunga;
• te diameter o nga mangai o te putorino;
• mangai tawhiti o te putorino i te whenua.

ture mana

tautukunga Aroturuki ki te raraunga inaianei MPE katoa - tetahi o nga wahi tino nui o te kaupapa. Ka taea te wehea tēnei wāhanga kia rua nga wahi: whakahaere tika puna parahanga i runga i te MPE me te mana o te rohe ki te wāhi noho pātata.

Kėia MPE kaupapa mātanga tino tohu ki te wheako i roto i hinonga i ngā mara, ka tangohia nei ki pūkete nga ture whakapumautia katoa, me te hanga tika wāhanga katoa o te kaupapa.

Ko te kupu, whakamana mana te paanga kino o ngā mahi - ōhanga te kore ranei - takitahi me hinonga ture i runga i te rohe pātata ki te hinonga, me te hau me te wai kai, tae atu manawa whenua. Na e te kaupapa ki pūkete tenei mōrahi paerewa tukunga whakaaetia e, o te akoranga, e kore te taua.

Te aroturuki me te whakawhanakehia hoki paetae o te mōrahi tauira taea te kawea tukunga whakaaetia i roto i te taha o te hinonga iho me ki ona ake mana production, engari atu maha haumaru ki te tuku i te reira ki te Tari o Rosprirodnadzor, e te mauria atu te mana kāwanatanga.

ruruku o te kaupapa

Fakafekau'aki te kaupapa ki te kia unu ake i roto i Rospotrebnadzor me maha atu taime. Ko te kaupae i roto i tenei ara e whai ake nei:

• whakaaro mohio whakahauanga i runga i te MPE kaupapa i roto i te pūtahi kāwanatanga tēnā;
• Whiwhi i te mutunga parukore, me te tahumaero Rospotrebnadzor;
• whakamātautau me te whakaaetanga o te rohe tauira tukunga Rosprirodnadzor.

Ko te kupu e tutaki ratou paerewa o mōrahi tukunga tīkina o matū kino ki te oneone, te wai, me te rangi. Katoa kamupene - puna pahoho o taua poke. Ka mahi tika MPE kaupapa anake, ki te tango ratou ki te pūkete katoa paerewa hangarau, me te te parahanga papamuri, e kore e kia nui ratou paerewa taiao, me te mā, e kore e manakohia kawenga tino mo te pūnaha kaiao katoa o te rohe.