Waste - he aha te mea tenei? whakarōpū

Kua riro roa te taata i tera taha o nga momo e tīariari ata i roto i te ao koiora a te whenua. He putanga hou o te ao inarā me i roto i ngā huarahi maha whakaarokore whakamahi rauemi to tatou paraneta a - kohuke, oneone, me te ao kararehe, te wai, me te rangi. Mea katoa he aha tae mo te ringa, he remade i te tipu hiahia o to tatou hapori technocratic tangata. Tenei arata'i kore anake ki te kēkeno o ngā rauemi o te ao, engari ano hoki ki te putanga o te maha nui o āhua tino rerekē o te ururua.

He aha te ururua i roto i whānui? He he raruraru mo tatou e ratou?

Ki te faaohie ka ahuwhānui, te ururua - ko te hua o ngā mahi kāinga, me te ahumahi o te taata, meinga kino ki te taiao. Ko ētahi o ēnei kua ngaro tetahi taonga technocratic wāhanga o ratou ranei ratou uara, me e kore whakamahia i roto i te kāinga, i te mahi ranei i roto i tetahi atu mahi a te tangata. I teie mahana, ko taua te āhuatanga e kua te pea ki mooni toremi i roto i to ratou ake hua ururua, ki te kahore e riro i te mehua tino nui, me te akiaki i te whenua.

Hei whakaaro te tauine o te take, kotahi anake meka: i roto i te tahi mau whenua, he noho o te metropolis hua ia tau ki runga ki te ton o ururua whare. Toni! Aua'e, hangarua te nuinga o enei ururua te, engari noho te nuinga i runga i te tanú nui, i te mea huehue ki tokomaha o nga pa nui rawa i roto i te ao. Hei tauira, a tawhio noa 800 heketea o Moscow whakaritea landfills anake. A pea tekau nga wa atu taiao - i roto i awaawa, i runga i nga pareparenga o awa, he manga, roadsides.

Na whakaaro he tipu nui - metallurgical, pueru, matū - e kore te mea pera nui. Kei te whanganga ano Waste o taua hanga i roto i tana, engari e kore hoki te tau, me te ra. whakaaro Just tenei paru, awa kawa haere i te tipu metallurgical i Siberia me tipu matū vahi i roto i Pakistan, pereoo production i roto i Korea, me te wheketere o ngā hua pepa i roto i China. Waste - he raruraru? O te akoranga, me te tino nui.

Ko te kōrero o te ururua

I mua i te taeraa mai o te rauemi ururua waihanga, mo te wahi tino, kihai i te tīariari. toki Broken, tawhitotia atu ka maka he sote, toremi kaipuke, me te ara wareware, ki ng a ki pa pūkohu ahakoa he hua o te mahi a te tangata ratou, engari e kore e kino te ao tono - organic tukatuka, te mahue inorganic ata me te rangimarie te whenua, e tatari ana mo nga whaipara tākare.

Pea te "tūturu" ururua tuatahi whare - tenei karaihe, engari te wa tuatahi whakaputaina reira i roto i rahinga miniscule. Ko te ururua ahumahi nui tuatahi ko i te tahuri o 18-19 tenetere, ki te haerenga mai o te momo mīhini wheketere. Mai reira, kei te tipu haere rite te horonga ratou tau. Ki te te rau tau wheketere 19 anake tukua ki te hua parariraa huru waro, ahumahi roroa rau tau 21 ringihia ki awa, ngā roto me ngā moana mirioni o mehua o ururua tino paitini, tahuri ratou ki "urupa".

He pono "orurehau" pakaruhanga i roto i te whakanui ake i te maha o te ururua kāinga, me te ahumahi puta i roto i te toru tuatahi o te rau tau 20, me te timatanga o te whakamahi whānui o ngā hua hinu me te hinu i roto i te heke mai - kirihou.

He aha ngā momo o te ururua: whakarōpūtanga

Kua whakaputaina iwi i roto i te tekau tau o mua he nui minamina taua o ururua e taea te ngāwari wehea ratou ki ngā rōpū: ururua kai me te pepa ururua, karaihe me kirihou, hauora, me te rino, rakau, me te rapa, iraruke, me te tini ke atu.

O te akoranga, he takarepa hoki o ratou pānga kino i runga i te taiao ratou. Hoki te kanohi atu ataata o te ururua katoa wehe matou ki te maha ngā rōpū rite ki te tohu o te contamination.

Na, he aha ururua "pai", me aha - te "kino"?

"Light" ururua

1. Pepa. Ēnei ngā nūpepa tawhito, pukapuka, mātārere, whakapiripiri, pepa, me te pepa, karekau, makasini mōhinuhinu me te mea katoa atu. Tukatuka me te hangarua o te huru pepa ururua ko tetahi o te kuware tino - te nuinga o ratou, ko te pepa ururua pera-ka karanga, ka tahuri muri hoki ki nūpepa, makasini me pouaka pepa. A ara mahue i roto i te poka, a ka waiho ururua pepa wareware i roto i te wa poto (ki te faatura ki etahi atu momo) ki te wahi i runga kahore mahi āhua kino nui, i roto i te tua ki te tae oneone, me te wai ki te whārangi tāngia. Ko te uaua tino mo te whāwehe tūturu o te pepa mōhinuhinu, engari te kuware tino - te mata, me te pōkurukuru.
2. Food. Katoa organic kohua ururua, wharekai, hotels, pāmu tūmataiti, pāmu e ahuwhenua me ngā wheketere kai - katoa e kua "hemo" tangata. hoki hanehane hohoro kai ururua, ara ka whakaaro koutou e runga i te tekau tau o mua i roto i te kai kai iti me iti māori me te ake matū. Just ia me raru e āhua - hei tauira, kei te whakamahia nuitia paturopi mō kararehe tipu, matū e whakanui i te ora papa me te whakaaturanga o te kai. noho te reira i te wahi motuhake o koiora kua me te korotutu. Koiora kua, kai kaiao, ko te kaupapa o te tautohe wera ratou hoariri, me te kaitautoko. Korotutu Ko interlocks hoki te whāwehe tūturu o te mea waro - i roto i ngā tau nui, tahuri ratou a reira atu i te huringa taiao o te whāwehe me hanga.
3. Karāhe. He pea Karāhe me ona ngā wehenga te ahua tawhito te nuinga o "ururua tangata-i hanga." I runga i te ringa kotahi, he mangere ratou, a kahore e tukua ki roto ki te taiao, e kore e rereke i te rangi, me te wai. Heoi, hoki he tokomaha makona nui o te karaihe te whakangaromia e kāinga taiao - te hapori o kaiao ora. Hei tauira, kararehe e kua whara, ka mate, kahore tikanga tiaki marara whānui mongamonga koi - a ko tenei kahore ki te whakahua i te rarua ki te iwi ratou. Term roha o te karaihe ko e pā ana ki te mano nga tau. ka whai ki te wikitoria haapueraa tawhiti, me ipu maka i roto i te tukunga paru tenei ra matou uri tawhiti, ka tonu kia i roto i te whenua tonu. e kore ko te take o te faufaa rahi Glass te tikanga koraha, a na reira i nui haere a ratou tau e ki ia tau e haere.

Waste "pakeke reo"

1. Kirihou. Ko te nui o te ururua kirihou ko inaianei mīharo tika - he tatauria ohie o ona momo e tango o whārangi te tokorua. e kore e waiho te reira i te faarahiraa ki te mea i taua i teie mahana i te kirihou mahi tata katoa - tākai me te whare taputapu, ipu, kakahu, taputapu me waka, oko me parahutihuti. Decomposes Ko rua rite nohopuku te karaihe kirihou - tau 500 anake. Engari i rite ki a ia, ia tukua tata tonu ki te taiao matū paitini. Hoki, kia reira etahi o nga āhuatanga o te kirihou "ōka tino." e mohio ana torutoru iwi e i roto i moana o te ao i katoa "motu" o ngā kawea ipu, korere, peke, me te tahi atu "kōtaha" o otaota. whakangaromia ratou miriona o ngā kaiao moana. Hei tauira, e kore e taea e manu moana wehewehe i waenganui i nga wahi kirihou o kai, a fakanatula mate i tanumia i te tinana. kirihou Waste kohi ko tetahi o nga raruraru taiao tino nui i tenei ra.
2. ururua Metallurgical, ahakoa ngā hua hinu, etahi ururua matū, me te hanga o te ururua motokā (tae atu ki ngā potae tawhito). poke tenei katoa te taiao rawa kaha (rawa, ki te whakaaro koe te tauine), engari pirau āhua tere - mō te 30-50 tau.

Ko te "taimaha" te nuinga o ururua

1. Ururua kei roto mēkuri. ine pāmahana Broken me rama, etahi atu whakaaro. mahara tatou katoa i riro i te ine pāmahana mēkuri pakaru te puna o te mānukanuka āhuatanga reinga - peia tonu ngā tamariki i te "paru" wāhi, i ngā pakeke rawa āta kohia "harurutanga" i runga i te papa o te pōro maitai wai. Ko te tāoke tino o te konuoi e ōrite kino mō te tangata, me te mo te oneone - nga tekau tau o taranata o rauemi maka atu, hei he tūnguru ki te taiao. Ko Ko te aha te mēkuri whakaritea ki te tuatahi (rawa) piha o te ati - whakaritea tūemi motuhake mo te fariiraa o te ururua kei roto mēkuri me ngā ki enei matū mōrearea e whakanohoia i roto i ngā hiri, tapanga me rongoa noa ngā wā pai, ka ratou e taea te humarie tikanga o - mo te hangarua kau o te konuoi ko te tino hauarea.
2. Pūhiko. Pūhiko, whare, ahumahi me ngā pākahiko automotive roto i te mata e kore anake, engari ko te waikawa pungatara, me te te whānuitanga o ētahi atu matū paitini, hei he nui ki te taiao. Kotahi pūhiko noa, i ka koe i te mamao TV, ka maka ki runga ki te huarahi, pinepine paihana o mita pūrua o te oneone. I roto i nga tau tata nei, kua puta he tokomaha pa nui ngā kohinga pūkoro mō ngā pākahiko whare whakamahia me accumulators, e tohu te tūpono tiketike fai e taua ururua.
3. ururua iraruke. Te nuinga ururua mōrearea - mate me te whakangaromanga i roto i tona puka parakore. ururua iraruke i roto i rawaka kukū whakangaro mea ora katoa, ara kahore whakapā tika. O te akoranga, e kore tetahi e maka atu pau rakau wahie i roto i te tanú - te whakanohonga me tikanga o ururua i te "maitai taimaha" Ko te tukanga tino nui. Hoki te taumata iti-a ururua taumata takawaenga (he āhua poto hawhe-te ora), ngā ipu i roto i nei e ki tonu nga mea timatanga whakapau ki te paru sima uku ranei. I muri i paunga o te hawhe-te ora, e taea te tikanga o te paru rite mau taua ururua. tukatuka taumata-tiketike ururua te mo te whakamahi tuarua o hangarau matatini, me te utu. Ki tonu o te tukatuka ururua taumata-teitei "whakarewa paru", i te taumata hakari o te whanaketanga hangarau, he mea e taea, a kua whakanohoia e ratou i roto i ngā motuhake, rongoa hoki te wa rawa te roa - hei tauira, konukarihi-234 hawhe-ora o āhua mano kotahi rau nga tau!

Attitude ki te raruraru o te ururua i roto i te ao hou

I roto i te rau tau 21, te raruraru o te parahanga o te ururua ko tetahi o te tino tino me i tautohetia. Same rerekē ko te huru ki reira nga kāwanatanga o whenua rerekē. I roto i te maha whenua Western, te raruraru o te tukatuka me te hangarua o te ururua ko o faufaa rahi - te wehenga o te ururua whare aru i te tukatuka haumaru, rau o wheketere mo hangarua, ngā wāhi e tiakina motuhake mō te tikanga o matū tino kino, me te paitini. I roto i nga tau tata nei, he kaupapa here o "ōhanga ururua-kore" i roto i te tahi mau whenua - he pūnaha i roto i nei e kia rite ki te 100% te anō o te ururua. Ko te tino tawhiti haere tenei huarahi kua matou Denmark, Japan, Sweden, Scotland, me te Netherlands.

I roto i te toru whenua ao nga rauemi pūtea, me te whakahaere mō te pūnahanaha tukatuka me te hangarua o te ururua reira. Nā tēnei, i roto i landfills nui te wahi ururua terenga i raro i te mana o te ua, ra me te hau emit au paitini tino paitini, a pau katoa a tawhio noa hoki tekau o kiromita. I roto i Brazil, Mexico, India, whenua African, rau o heketea o ururua mōrearea karapotia maha-miriona metropolis, e ia fakalahi ratou "rahui" ki ururua hou, me te hou.

nga ara katoa o te pae whakakahoretia o paru

1. te tikanga koraha i roto i landfills. Ko te tikanga nui rawa mō o tikanga koraha. I roto i te meka, kua nekehia otaota i roto i tika o aroaro, kua maka reira i roto i te tatau. Ētahi landfills Ko te rokiroki rangitahi mua ki te tukatuka i runga i te tipu paru, me etahi, rawa i roto i te toru whenua ao anake tupu i roto i te rahi.
2. Landfilling o ururua Kōmaka. Ko nui atu "ritenga" peheé otaota. Ko nui ngawari te me nui atu whai hua tōna tukatuka. Tata kua oho whenua Pākehā Western katoa ki te pūnaha o te ururua motuhake, me mo whakarerea e ia te "maha" mōkihi ki ururua whare whakaratohia whiu he nanakia rawa.
3. Incinerators. I roto i taua tipu e huna ana te whakamahi i te wera ururua. Tei runga i te momo o te ururua me te āheinga pūtea, mā te whakamahi i ngā hangarau.
4. Incineration ki te whakaora pūngao otaota. Na e whakawhiti atu me te ake refineries ki te hangarau mō te hanga o te pūngao i te ururua - hei tauira, i roto i Sweden "pūngao paru" ngā 20% o ngā hiahia te whenua o. Kei te timata te ao ki te matau e te ururua - te reira moni.
5. Tukatuka. He wāhanga nui o te ururua taea te hangarua me te makamaka. Ko reira ki te whānuitanga mōrahi o disposability e rapu nei i te whenua whakawhanakehia. Ko te kuware tino i roto i te tukurua he pepa, rakau, me te ururua kai.
6. Preservation me te rokiroki. Kei te whakamahia i tēnei tikanga mo te ururua tino mōrearea, me te paitini - mēkuri, rokiroki iraruke.

Ko te āhuatanga ki te tukunga paru, me te tukurua i roto i Russia

Russia i roto i tenei whakaaro, ko tawhiti muri te whenua whakawhanakehia. Ko te fifi tauwehe te rohe nui, he maha nui o hinonga tawhitotia, te āhua o te ōhanga Russian, a kia me te mea i whaki, te mentality kāinga e pai whakaahua ana te faaiteraa rongonui e pā ana ki te whare noho, me te hiahia tino o te noho tata mohio e pā ana ki te raruraru.

I nei kia

tae Sweden te taumata o te tukurua, me te whakahaere ururua e kore i reira nui! Swedes ara te āwhina i roto i tenei Norwegians take, mo te utu kōmaka atu ratou ururua whare, me te ahumahi.

hoki miharo nga Japanese e ratou hoa - i roto i Japan 98% o te whakarewa whakamahia mo te tuarua. Ano, tata, kitea kaipūtaiao Japanese huakita e kai kirihou! E ai ki ngā whakatau tata tupato, enei moroiti i roto i te heke mai ka riro i te tikanga matua o te hangarua polyethylene.