Tower Bridge i London. Tower Bridge i London - Photo

Tower Bridge i London - tetahi o te mōhiotia tino i roto i te ao. takoto ona pakiaka kāhua Gothic Victorian i roto i te ture i takoha ngā ki te waihanga i tētahi hanganga, i roto i te haapa'oraa i ki te wāhi e tata ana te pourewa.

whakaahuatanga

Tower Bridge i London i te wa ano, me te tautau te whakarite. whakawhiti te reira i te awa Thames, kei te kore i matara atu i te pourewa o London, ko roto nei honore ko, a ka meinga he tohu o te pa.

Kei te piriti o pourewa rua hono e rua irava whakapae, hangaia ki te taurite te ope whakapae ka puta i nga wahi iri o te whenua ki te rōpū. Ko te wahi poutū o te ope i roto i te wāhanga iri me nga tauhohe poutū o te Junctions e rua takoto i runga i rua pourewa nui. Kei ara tuaka me te mahi taputapu i roto i te papa whenua o pourewa. Ko te kaupapa tae o nāianei o te piriti rā hoki ki te 1977 tau, ka i pania reira whero, ma, me te puru ki te whakanui i te hiriwa tiupiri o Kuini Elizabeth II. I te tīmatanga, ko ia puru-matomato.

Ko te teihana tata o te London Underground - «Tower Hill» i roto i te «Circle» aho, me te «District», a Skytrain - «Tower Gateway».

Anga ke ki te whakapono rongonui, kahore ki te mahi ki te Tower Bridge i London i te waiata «London Bridge He taka Raro» kua.

History o hanga

i whakawhanakehia ngā māhere a tawhio noa 1876, ka kua riro Inia kapi te wahi ki te rawhiti o London. Bridge mo te awa o Thames i roto i te rohe whakaaro ki kia tino nui. Ko te raruraru matua e ko te reira e tika ana ki te haere kaipuke ki rewa roroa ki whakaurunga tauranga i waenganui i te piriti, me te pourewa o London. ka mau te reira i tetahi atu e waru nga tau, a ka timata te rota o te kōrero e pā ana ki te hoahoa i mua i te hanganga.

Na, ki te whakaoti i te raruraru o whiti te awa i roto i 1877, i hanga e te komiti motuhake o te piriti me huna i raro i Tā Albert Dzhozefa Altmana, ua faaite te karanga tūmatanui mō ngā tono. i tukuna Neke atu i te 50 tono, tae atu hanga metarahi Tā Dzhozefom Bazalgette. i karapotia aro mātai Project i te totohe, a anake i roto i 1884 whakaaetia te kaupapa i tukuna e te pa kaihoahoa Horace Jones i roto i te mahi tahi ki a Hoani Vulfom Berri.

oti te piriti i roto i 1894. E rima kaikirimana - Tā Dzhon Dzhekson (turanga), Baron Armstrong (Hydraulics), Uilyam Vebster, Sir HH Bartlett, a Tā William Eroll me tata 450 kaimahi i whai wāhi i roto i te hanga o te piriti. Hoki te hanga o te haurangi ka mau a reira 11,000 taranata o maitai. I taua wa, kihai i tokomaha te iwi rite tona hoahoa Gothic Victorian, engari i runga i te wā hei te piriti kua tetahi o nga tohu tino rongonui o London. I whakatuwheratia mana te reira i runga i Pipiri 30, 1894 Prince o Wales (muri Kingi Edward VIII) me tana wahine - he rangatira i o Wales (Alexandra o Denmark).

Ko te piriti hono kuwaha Iron i runga i te taha raki o te awa ki a Horslidaun Lane i runga i te tonga, e mohiotia nei rite te piriti tomokanga me te pourewa o Tower Bridge Road, aua. I mua ki te whakatuwheratanga o te piriti arararo Tower - 400 mita ki te hauauru - ko te ara poto ki te whakawhiti i te awa i Tower Hill ki Tooley Street i Sautparke. Whakatuwheratia i roto i te tau 1870, ko te Tower arararo tetahi o te tuatahi i roto i te ao o ngā rārangi raro.

A, no te whakatuwheratia te Tower Bridge i London, oho te nuinga o te waka tiriti i runga taua mea e tika ana ki te kore o te utu mō te whakamahi. katia te kauhanga i roto i 1898 e tika ana ki te moni iti.

Tower Bridge i London - tetahi o nga piriti e rima o te whakapaipai, i teie nei i roto i te kainga o ka mau tonu "Bridge House Wakaminenga" - he hononga pai-kore, i te mea i raro i te mātakitaki o City o London Corporation. Ko reira anake te piriti o te hononga, e kore te hono i te City o London ki te rohe Sautpark; arata'i tona putanga raki i Tower kainga o aua pa.

rehe

Ko te pātata o te Gulf me kei roto i te aronga ui e kaha o te piriti ki te haere oko nui te moana. No reira ki te whakatau waihanga i tētahi tuhituhi o hoahoa whakarere e taea te whakatuwheratia ki te tukua te kaupapa o poti. huna te tikanga i roto i rua pourewa. Tae noa 1976, ka i electrified reira, i whakamahia te mana mamaoa mō te kutētē wai i roto i accumulators waipēhi, i pupü engines.

Ko te roa o te piriti katoa ko te 800 waewae (244 m) me te teitei o te pourewa, i hanga i runga i poutoti - 213 waewae (65 m). Kei te wehea te whanganga pokapū o 200 waewae (61 m) ki e rua paraharaha rite. Ko neke atu i te whanui o te 30 m me te taimaha o 1,000 tōne taea te whakatuwheratia i te koki o 83 nga nekehanga ia o ratou. I roto i te tūnga tuwhera, te piriti ko te ara o tata 45 m teie mahana te putanga mai ia ki te tiketike e tika ana mo te wahi o te kaipuke .; ki te haunga o te awa kaipuke, e mau ana i te ariki. I roto i tenei take wahi o te hanganga, whakaarahia tino. 1,000 anake nga wa i te tau - I mua i te piriti tata e rima tekau nga wa i te ra, me te i ēnei rā whakatuwheratia. Hua te whakamahere i roto i te mua (mo kaipuke ipu, a na i runga i. D.), Na manuhiri taea te haere ki te pae piriti, me te kite ka ina e whakaarahia ai, ka tukua iho. Ka utu ara e whakatupato.

tauhohenga

Ahakoa te piriti - ko kore tenei rohe, fakaangá ngaio i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 20 i feaa e pā ana ki tona ahua. "Ko ia te tumuaki tuarua o te reka kino, me te pretentiousness, falsification o nga meka tūturu o te hanganga", i tuhituhi HH kī Statham ko Frenk Brengvin e "kore hanganga atu heahea atu te Tower Bridge, maka ki runga ki te awa rautaki".

piriti toro

tūruhi maha tango tonu pikitia i runga i te whakamārama o tenei hanganga rahi. taea hoki e koe te haere i roto i te piriti, te wahi e kitea e koe i te tirohanga nehenehe o London ki te whakawhiti i waenganui i nga pourewa rua. I tetahi wa, kua roaa ratou he ingoa tohe kairau rerenga me pickpockets. Te wātea anake i arawhata, i uaua whakamahia ratou, ka katia nga pedestrians mua i roto i 1910. Re-whakatuwheratia i roto i te 1982 i te Tower Bridge Exhibition - whakaaturanga, noho i roto i nga pourewa o nga whitinga piriti me nga ruma pūkaha Victorian. Here e taea hoki te kite koe i roto i te Tower Bridge, whakaahua, kiriata, korero kōrero e pā ana ki te whare mīharo. O ngā moni he engines steam tūturu. I roto i te whakaaturanga ka whakatupato.

Redecorating 2008-2012.

I roto i te Paenga-whāwhā 2008 na'e fanongonongo ai e ka tū te Tower Bridge "facelift" utu 4 miriona pauna. I waruhia mahi peita tawhito iho ki te whakarewa whanau, me te peita i roto i tae puru, me te ma. i karapotia ia wāhanga e ngahere, me te kirihou paruru ki te ārai i te hinga o te peita tawhito i roto i te Thames me te parahanga awa. Tīmata i waenganui-2008, kaikirimana mahi he mōrahi o te hauwhā o te piriti i te wa ano i roto i te tikanga ki te karo i ngā raruraru, engari i ētahi wā ko mooni te katinga ara.

oti te tukanga o te peita i roto i 2009. I kawea ano te reira i roto i te mahi i runga i te whakakapinga o te pūnaha piriti raiti. Roto te pūnaha rama-whakaaro maha whakawhitinga whakaturia hangaia e Eleni Shiarlis, rite e whakamahia ratou mo whakaaturanga, me mo te tahi atu mau tumu. E tāuta te mea timatanga katoa i roto i te ara hou, kahore te awhina o kōhao. Ki te awhina o māramatanga riro Bridge he tirohanga auheke i te po.

Whakahōu nga mekameka whakatārewatanga wha i oti i roto i Maehe 2010, mā te whakamahi i te pūnaha paninga hou tono ake ki ngā papa rerekē e ono.

I roto i tenei tuhinga ka taea e kite koe i te Tower Bridge whakarerekētia, whakaatu te hanga i roto i tona kororia katoa nei whakaahua.

meka ngā

He ko he kōrero e ki te piriti tata hokona i roto i te 1968 i te kaipakihi American Robert Makkaloh kawe i roto i Missouri. Tenei meka Ko ratou, Heoi, ka whakakahore.

I roto i te Mei 1997, te motorcade o te peresideni Bill Clinton i wehea rite ki te hua o te whakatuwheratanga o te piriti.