Fakaangá o te pūrākau "Tamaí mo e Fohá". I. Roma S. Turgeneva "Tamaí mo e Fohá" i roto i te arotake, fakaangá

"Tamaí mo e Fohá", te kōrero o te hanga nei kei te nuinga o e pā ana ki te hua, "Rudin", whakaputaina i roto i te 1855 - he pūrākau e hoki Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev ki te hanganga o tenei tuatahi o tona hanganga.

Ka rite ki a ia, i roto i "Tamaí mo e Fohá" ka huihui nga whenu katoa kōrero i roto i te pokapū kotahi, i hanga e te ahua o Bazarov - miharo Democrat. Ko ia whakaoho ake nga fakaangá katoa me kaipānui. E rave rahi i tuhituhia ngā fakaangá o te pūrākau "Tamaí mo e Fohá", kua meinga mai te hua nui te moni, me te totohe. tūranga matua i roto i te pā ana ki tenei pūrākau, ka tapaea e matou ki a koutou i roto i tenei tuhinga.

Mahu'inga image Bazarova hua mahara

ko Bazarov kore noa te pokapū o mahi te wahi, engari raruraru ano hoki. Mai tei tona matauranga o te whakarau, me te tuakiri te nuinga aromatawai o te tahi atu āhuatanga katoa Romana Turgeneva: tūranga o te kaituhi, ngā pūnaha huru, ngā tikanga toi whakamahia i roto i te mahi, "Tamaí mo e Fohá". E ai ki nga upoko o nga fakaangá whakaaro te pūrākau, a ka kite i roto i reira i te tea hou i roto i te mahi o Ivan Sergeyevich, ahakoa ko reira māramatanga rawa rerekē o te tikanga o tenei mahi te rohe.

He aha riria Turgenev?

Ambivalence o huru o te kaituhi ki tona hero arahina ki te whakahē me tawai o to'utangata. Turgenev kurua tukino hoki i taha katoa. korero fakaanga o te pūrākau "Tamaí mo e Fohá" te nuinga negative. kihai i taea e maha kaipānui mahino te whakaaro o te kaituhi. Mai i te pukapuka o Annenkov, me o Ivan Sergeyevich, ako tatou e te MN i riri Katkov, te tai'oraa i te tuhinga o "Tamaí mo e Fohá" i te pene. Tona Aita te te meka e mahi i te protagonist kingi rawa me kore e kitea ātete ki hea tika. Kaipānui me fakaanga o ātete puni tino rahi hoki Ivan Sergeyevich mo te tautohe kāinga, i puritia e ia ki a Bazarov i tona pūrākau "Tamaí mo e Fohá". E au ra Ko tōna ihirangi ki a ratou e kore e katoa manapori.

Te nuinga rongonui ko te tuhinga o MA roto maha atu tikanga Antonovich, whakaputaina i roto i "Contemporary" ( "Asmodeus to tatou wa"), me te he maha o ngā tuhinga e kua puta i roto i te moheni "kupu Russian" (manapori), no ki te pene o DI Pisarev, "ko ënei whakaaro," "realists," "Bazaar". Enei fakaangá o te pūrākau "Tamaí mo e Fohá" aroaro rua whakaaro whakahawea.

Pisarev whakaaro e pā ana ki te pūāhua matua

Rerekē Antonovich, e arotakea rawa tōraro Bazarov, ka kite Pisarev i reira i te "wā o te hero." Hakari Kua whakaritea tēnei fakaanga tenei ahua ki te "iwi hou", e whakaaturia ana i roto i te pukapuka "He aha ki te mahi?" NG Chernyshevsky.

ka haere mai te kaupapa o "Tamaí mo e Fohá" (te hononga o whakatupuranga) i roto i ana tuhinga ki te mua. Whakahuatia e te māngai o te aronga manapori whakaaro weherua tonu o te mahi a Turgenev riro i rite "wahia i roto i nga nihilists" - te meka o te totohe ā-i vai na i roto i te kaupapa manapori.

Antonovich o Bazarov

A kihai i whakaohooho te kaipānui me fakaangá o "Tamaí mo e Fohá" i tupono e rua ngā pātai: e pā ana ki te tūranga o te kaituhi, me nga Momo whakapakoko o te pūrākau. Ua riro raua na nga amo e rua, te tikanga nei, ka mohio a tetahi mahi. I te whakapono Antonovich, ko kino-whakaaro-Turgenev. Ko te tikanga o Bazarov aroaro e enei fakaangá, e kore te tenei whakapakoko tuhituhia atu "i te ora" mata, me te "wairua kino", "Asmodeus", tukua nei te he whakatupuranga hou o te kaituhi riri.

I roto i te feuilletonistic tikanga roa Antonovich tuhinga. Ko te fakaanga, kaua ki te ki te tapaea he tātaritanga whāinga o te mahi hanga i roto i te pakiwaituhi pūāhua matua, hei whakakapi Sitnikov, "akonga" Bazarov, i te wahi o tona kaiwhakaako. Bazarov, rite Antonovich, he kore whakatau toi, e kore te whakaata, e whakaata ana te whakatupuranga o muri. Fakaangá mea e hanga te kaituhi o te pūrākau he lampoon whakangaro, e kia ahanoa i roto i te tikanga ano. Ko te whakaaro Antonovich - "ngangau koutou" ki te whakatupuranga o muri o Turgenev - kua kua tutuki.

He aha e kore ratou i taea whakarerea noatia Turgenev Democrats?

Antonovich i te kupuroto o tona tuhinga hunga, me te taratara tawai te kaituhi i i tahuri ia i roto i te ahua e te rawa "mohio" rite tetahi o nga Momo whakaaro te reira Dob. Kairīpoata o "Contemporary", i roto i te tua, te kaituhi i taea e kore e muru te āputa ki te makasiní. whakaputaina te pūrākau "Tamaí mo e Fohá" i roto i te "Gazette Russian", he whakaputanga momo e i hoki ratou he tohu o te break whakamutunga ki manapori Ivan Sergeyevich.

Souks i roto i "faaino tūturu"

i faaite Pisarev tetahi atu wāhi o te tirohanga e pā ana ki te huru matua o te mahi. e kore te reira whakaaro ia kia rite ki te Caricature o etahi takitahi, me te he māngai o te ia momo pāpori, me te wä hou puta. Ko te hiahia iti rawa i roto i te huru o te kaituhi ki tona hero, me te āhuatanga ngā o tenei whakapakoko toi faaiteraa tenei faaino. tikanga Pisarev Bazarov i te wairua o te faaino tūturu pera-ka karanga. Ua faaite e ia i roto i taua i rītaha te kaituhi i roto i tona whakaaturanga, engari i whakatau te momo rawa o Pisarev tino - ". hero o te wā" rite te I roto i te tuhinga ui "Bazarov" mea e whakaaturia ana i roto i te pūrākau, te huru matua, kanohi rite he "mata fakamamahi" - he momo hou, e kore te mea nei i nui tuhinga. whawhati atu atu me te ake i te pūrākau i te atu tikanga o te faaino Bazarov. Hei tauira, i roto i te oko "Ko te ko ënei whakaaro" me te "realists" i roto i te ingoa o "Bazaar" Kua reira i huaina momo era raznochinets-kaipikau, i roto i te outlook he tata ki Pisarev.

Whakapae o haukume

Whāinga, oro marino o Turgenev i te ahua o te protagonist pehi whakapae o rītaha. tutaki he ahua o "Tūkorehu" a Turgenev ki nihilists me nihilism, ko te kaituhi i nga whakaritenga katoa "waehere o te honore" - "Tamaí mo e Fohá": ka faatura e ia te hoa tauwhainga i roto i te whawhai ataahua, "patu" ia. Bazarov rite te tohu o pōhēhētanga kino, kia rite ki a Ivan Sergeyevich, ko te hoariri tika. Ritenga me te Caricature, i whakawakia te kaituhi o te tahi mau fakaangá, kihai i whakamahia ratou, no te mea ratou i taea hoatu he hua rawa ritenga, ara underestimating nga ope o nihilism, he reira ati. rapu Nihilists ki te hoatu i to ratou lzhekumirov i te wahi o "mure ore". Turgenev, mahara tona mahi i runga i te ara Yevgeny Bazarov, i tuhituhi AU Saltykov-Shchedrin i 1876 mo te pūrākau "Tamaí mo e Fohá", i te mea hiahia i roto i te aamu o te hanganga o tokomaha, e kore te mea te reira maere aha kua noho he mea ngaro mo te nuinga o kaipānui o tenei huru, no te mea e kore e taea e te kaituhi āhua whakaaro pehea i tuhituhi ia ratou. ka mea a Turgenev e mohio ia kotahi anake te mea: e kore i te reira i roto i reira na kahore au, kahore he whakaaro rītaha.

Tūnga o Turgenev

korero fakaanga o te pūrākau "Tamaí mo e Fohá" te nuinga-iu kotahi, hoatu aromatawai pakeke. Na, Turgenev, pera i roto i pūrākau o mua, mawehe kōrero, e kore e hanga whakatau, āta huna te ao i roto o tona hero i roto i te tikanga e kore e ki te hoatu te pēhanga ki runga i te kaipānui. E kore te mea te papā o te pūrākau "Tamaí mo e Fohá" i runga i te mata. Na tika ki te whakamāori fakaanga Antonovich me Pisarev rawa arongia te tūranga o te kaituhi whakaaturia te i roto i te wahi o te hanganga, te āhua o ngā papā. E whakatinana ratou te ariā o te whakarau o Bazarov i te mahi kaituhi o "Tamaí mo e Fohá", nga whakapakoko o e he tonu tautohetia ngā kairangahau.

Eugene i roto i ngā tautohetohe ki Pavel Petrovich kia hira, Heoi, i muri i te "aroha whakamātautau" uaua roto pakaru. fakamamafa'i te kaituhi i te "nanakia", whakaaro maramarama o tenei hero, me te hononga i waenganui i ngā wāhanga katoa e hanga ake tona ao. Bazarov - he maximalist, e whakapono e te utu i whakapono, ki te kahore e papā reira ki ētahi atu. Ka rite ki tenei huru ngaro tetahi "hono" i roto i te ao "mekameka" - kua anö e ka ui nga ētahi atu katoa. I roto i te whakamutunga, ko reira he "hou" Bazarov, he "Hamlet" i roto i te mua.