Tuhinga Shipping: momo me te hoahoa

I roto i te whakahaere o transportations o utanga rerekē e rua i roto i to tatou whenua, me waho tetahi o te tukanga here ko te hanganga me te faaineineraa o te maha o peeke, motuhake. Ko te hunga e kua kawea hāngai ki te utanga, ko te kōrero matamaha i runga i te āhua, te rahi, me te kounga o te hanganga o te utanga kawea me kawe raraunga e pā ana ki te kaituku me te kaiwhiwhi - te tetahi e te haere ki te hoko i tetahi i te tahi atu utanga ranei. Taua tuhinga ko huaina te ariā whānui ko te pepa kaipuke. Heoi, kua wehea ano e ratou ki roto ki te maha ngā rōpū. Ko te kupu, nga momo matua o ngā tuhinga kaipuke - ko:

• tuhinga waka;
• pūkete pūtea;
• faatia.

Transport utanga pepa

I roto i tenei tuhinga, ka whakaaro matou i te reira kāwai tino tuatahi o peeke, e kawe ratou tuhinga, ranei pire o utanga. Kahore transportation taea. Ko tā te reira i te ohipa hoa faufaa. Tei runga i te momo o te waka i roto i nei e te tueke kia kawea, ka taea e nama rerekē rite ki te puka me te ihirangi. kiia puka Special mō te tereina, moana, me te rere te waka, engari te nuinga o te pepa unu ake mo te whakaaro o te kawe i te ara, na reira he iti ake i roto i te taipitopito korerotia e pā ana ki te pire trucking, whakaaetia i roto i te puka i roto i te runga ki Annex № 4 ki te "Ture o te transportation o taonga i te ara."

Ana tēnei waybill puta te i te iti rawa i roto i te nui o toru kape o te kaituku o te utanga. tonu e ia te kape tuatahi o te mea tuarua e tukua ki te kaiwhiwhi, ka toru nga puna, - te kawe. Ki te tika, e taea te nui haere te maha o ngā kape. Ki te hanga kawe tueke e he i roto i te taonga whaiaro o te tangata, ka whakarite i te autocarrier nama.

Hainatanga me te te ihirangi o te tuhinga

Waitohu tenei kaituku nama me te tueke autocarrier, te haapapū ratou ake hiri. A, no te tukuna i roto reira te whakahuatia o tango tueke kawe, hainatia e te taata faahoro e ka mau te tueke. Forwarder i te aroaro o te pūkete atekōkiri i roto i te utanga papatipu me te nui o nga wahi utanga, tona huru, te tikanga o te tākainga me te taatiraa o te raraunga. Kei te tohua, i tua atu, i te wā whakaaetanga mo te waka o tueke.

Ka ngā nga tuhinga kaipuke he rārangi o ētahi atu tuhinga katoa tahi mea: .. Tiwhikete, tiwhikete kounga, buka, whakaaetanga, me ētahi atu hoki transportation o utanga whai tūponotanga katoa ki te tono waka multimodal, i roto i nei te tikanga tā ngā momo o waka. Mai i te rererangi noa te reti kuri. Heoi, noho tonu transportation whenua te rongonui tino. I te wa ano tuhi ratou Accountants hua te nui o ngā raruraru. Me ratou ki te titiro mō ngā rongoā i roto i te mara o te ture waka. I taua wā, e kore e taea e ara nga mana ngā utu ki te takoto ona pikonga. whakaatu tenei i te wheako o te whakamārama mōhiohio tini.

kōwhiringa transportation manakohia

Hoki kawe taonga me taonga tūturu, taea ki te whakamahi i te waka takitahi, e puta i roto i te wahi matua o te moni te kamupene ko te - ranei ratou tukua. A ka taea e haina i te kirimana ā-iwi ki te whakahaere tuatoru-rōpū kaipakihi takitahi ranei ki te whakarato ratonga transportation. Heoi, ki te e kei te tūranga o te utanga mea me tona wahi o te tuku whakahuatia i roto i te whakaaetanga i roto i whenua rerekē, ka whakamahia te Kawenata i te kirimana mo te ara International o utanga transportation, i mutu i roto i Geneva i te 1956. taua transportation i roto i tenei tuhinga e kore matou e tātari i roto i te taipitopito.

Ko wai whai wāhi i roto i te transportation

ratonga kiritaki e fakafo'ituitui, tika tukua e te waka shipper mō te utanga. He kawe - he tangata e kua tika te ratonga tika mahi-kaha, - whakahaere o transportation. Ko te whakaritenga matua o tenei ahua o te whakahaere - mau mai i mea ki te kaiwhiwhi, te haamauraa ki te kiritaki. Ko te hua ko te taua rite te kawe. Heoi, hoki tona kawe mahi hopoi kore anake tueke whaiaro, tomo ki kirimana ranei (i roto i ngā, i te pire o whakawaha mo te hariata) ki ētahi atu kawe. ite e ia he momo o ngā mahi o additionality, ki te whakarite i te waka o taonga. Hei tauira, te faaineineraa o ngā hua mō te transportation, whakawhiti tueke i te kawe tuatahi ki te whakapae tuarua o transportation o peeke, rēhita o ngā tuhinga kaipuke, inihua, me te mahi o ngā tikanga ōkawa.

Haulier taua, ki te kahore hoki waka, te maua e anake te utanga, me te unloading mahi. Ki te te consignor te kawe hoatu ana mahi uncharacteristic, na kia wawao te mea i roto i te marae e ai e haere tonu te kirimana waka ki te kia retrained. O te akoranga, ko te taea tenei i roto i te anga o te tautohe, ōhanga pupirikana ranei.

I runga i te mākete waka ara hanga he tuku ratonga me takawaenga kanorau. whakaatu ratou āwhina i roto i te mahi o etahi "e pā ana" ngā tukanga, kahore te fariiraa i te ngā whakataunga mo te misioni hopea - tuku o mea ki te consignee. Nuinga o ngā wā me te reira ki te mahi ki te māngai. Ko te whakaaro o te kaikaute - ki te whakarite transportation o nga uara koloa-rauemi peeke e hāngai ana, tae atu ki ngā tuhinga kaipuke, e hāngai ana i runga i nei kia te kamupene, kahore te wehi tango pupirikana me aroaro ki te tango i te utu o te tāke ki te moni. Hoki tenei, e hiahiatia ana te tino kaikaute e ki matau nga tumu o mahi nekeneke.

Tuhinga o te utanga

Whakatau me whakahau o te kāwanatanga Russian puta he wāhi o te ture schetovodnom kaute (Article 3 o te ture Federal "I pūkete schetovodnom" tau 129). Nā tēnei, TN - ko te mahi tuatahi o tino accomplices katoa o te waka arumoni - shipper, kawe me te consignee. Whakamahia i oti rawa TN rave rahi pukapuka ki te Tāhuhu o Finance. Ahakoa e whakahokia reira ki etahi kaiutu.

I te huinga matua o raruraru - kore o te māramatanga o ngā rerekētanga "TH" me te ariā o "waybill". Otiia i roto i te tikanga ki te hanga i te tuhinga e tika ana, e hiahia ana koe ki te tika kapo me te matau i te whakaaro o ngā momo ngā katoa o ngā tuhinga.

āhuatanga VT i te tauira ngā

Pea te kaihokohoko ki te whakaora i te hua ki te kiritaki utua te kawe. Hoki te rēhitatanga o ngā mahi kaihokohoko ', whakamahi ia nama mō te tau puka kotahi TORG-12. A, kawe reira kua he nga rererangi motor - e kawe ratou tuhinga. Na i ngā mauranga autocarrier kore taonga, me taonga, a ki te taua rōpū. fariiraa Direct o nga taonga i tukua ki te ūnga rite ki te maha, ngā me te kounga o te kore e whakatinana i te reira. Nga ipu me tākai mō ngā hua takitahi e kore e taea te whakaaro, he e kitea e ratou. Na reira, ko te "huringa" o taonga i roto i te utanga motuhake - ko te tukanga ōhanga motuhake, me te pai uaua, i te mea te kawenga o te kaihokohoko-shipper.

TORG-12: whakakī ture

Ni'ai ki te puka o te hokohoko-12. tohu te reira i te wā o te hanganga, me te rārangi o te taonga i roto i aua ingoa me ngā waeine, i roto i nei kitea e ratou i roto i te pūkete o te kaihoko. I runga i tenei rā tūemi whakarārangitia mahue i roto i kaihokohoko kararehe te maha o rahuitia ranei te kore whakahau e te kiritaki ngā.

I roto i te wahi maui raro o te mākete-12 kaihokohoko tuakiri mōhiohio (te tangata e tukua te kerēme mea me te tino kaikaute) whakaū te whakarerekētanga o te hua i roto i te tueke. āhuatanga te atamira whakamutunga e taki i te taimaha me te maha o ngā pae (wahi). Ana tēnei mōhiohio e tuhituhia i roto i te n. 3, e kei te pire o whakawaha mo transportation. Ko te rā i roto i te wahi maui raro o te mākete-12 tautuhi wa whakawhiti tueke ki te kawe. whakapakari te reira i te hainatanga o te kaihoko mōhiohio i roto i te titauhia utanga «Vacation kawea / hua." Kia mōhio e hainatia autocarrier whakaaetanga o te mea anake i roto i TN.

Ko te wā i roto i te wahi o raro tika o te mākete-12 e pā ana ki te rā o te tuku o nga taonga katoa, a kahore nga taonga. Mai i te wāhi o te tirohanga o te kaihokohoko, e kore mea nei ka mau te reira i te tueke: te kiritaki tika, consignee tona kaihoko ranei (rite ki te kaha o te rōia). Whakakī o nga Tōmua ki hei te anake - "whāngai Georgia" (ki te tukua te mea i runga i ki te māngai) ranei "ka mau consignee Cargo" (tohu tenei waitohu e te hiri o te kiritaki). Rawa kihai i i mohio, whiti atu i roto i te tuhinga. A pehea Ko te tuku o te tueke ki te rōia ki te tumuaki (kiritaki-consignee) i roto i te heke mai - e kore e te kaihoko-shipper tono.

whakairia tuku taonga hanga i te kiritaki i roto i na roto i te tono i te mākete-12 pane. Tārua o TORG-12 ki te tā o te pane ia me ka hoki mai ki te kaihokohoko. I te wa ano, i te tauira, ko te hiranga o te mahi o te whakaaetanga me te whakawhiti o ngā ratonga kawe, hainatia e te tangata mana (consignee) i te tahi atu pito o te ara waka.

I roto i te taitara o te ringarehe-12 kiia hoki tauhaa "Waybill (take, he ra motuhake, me te wā)." A i roto i te TH n reira. 4, "tautoko pepa transportation". haapapu te reira i te tau, me te rā o te hanganga o TORG-12, a tae noa te maha o ona kape, karanga ki te kiritaki. Ko te maha o tautoko pepa ki te kaihokohoko VT hoki kua te kaha ki te tūhono me te nama.

ki te hiahiatia te tauira te TORG-12

Te āhua, te TH-12, ka hoko ta'elava hono. Ko te kupu tino te faa'ite mai TORG-12 i runga i te tumu parau o te waka. Fakataha, he ōrite ki te tuhipoka utanga enei tuhinga nui e rua. I tua atu, e kore e hoatu e pire motuhake whakaritea te whai wāhi ki te whakatau he aha rite te kamupene mauranga. I roto i te Sec. 3 "Ingoa o taonga" ira kaipuke TN (noa) ingoa o te pikaunga, a kihai te "kaute" hua raraunga. Ka rite ki te hua, e kore e tuhinga pērā i nama mo nga taonga, i waho te aroaro o ratou kī paearu hanganga ture TORG-12 tono n. 1, Art. 252 o te Code Tax.