"Thoughts mea mate": whakaaro huritao i runga i te whene o te wairua Russian Gorky

Ko te mutunga o te rau tau 20 - he wāhi koki i roto i te hītori me te whakaaro tangata. Ua taa ia tatou e i te wā roa katoa e roa mo te 75 nga tau kua hipa, he tikanga motuhake. A kihai i taea e pai faaite te tikanga o tenei nga theoreticians o te hapori. He pono tukua arepurepu, huru pehi o te tīmatanga o te rau tau rua tekau taea "tītī" o te wa Maxim Gorky i ona pitopito kōrero tika "Thoughts materoto".

e kore he mahi toi hoki tetahi mea i huaina he tuhinga ora o te revolution. I roto i te pukapuka, kahore takawaenga, me tuhipoka te tūranga whakahuatia e te kaituhi i roto i pā ana ki te Oketopa Revolution, ona hiahiatanga me nunu'a o te taenga o te tikanga Bolshevik hou. "Thoughts mea mate" i riria te hua tika ki runga ki te hanganga. Tuhinga tuatahi whakaputaina te "Life New", i ko reira i raro i te guise o pūāhua tā pato'iraa rawa i kati.

Tona "Thoughts mea mate" Bitter hono ki te revolution, rite te ahua o te nui tūmanako katoa o te iwi. whakaaro ia reira he tīwaiwaka o anō o varua, te take o te hokinga mai o te tikanga roa-ngaro o te whenua, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki te mahi i nei e taea iwi, i te pae hopea, ki te tango i tetahi wahi i runga i to ratou ake i roto i to ratou ake hītori.

Na ko reira i roto i te raupapa tuatahi o ngā tuhinga (i roto o 58). Otiia ka mohio Gorky i muri i te timatanga o nga ngā o Oketopa, e kore ko te huringa te akoranga o i whakaaro ai ia. E pā ana ia ki te ko ënei wikitoria, ki te pātai o e kawea ranei nga huringa te wikitoria i roto i te "ora Russian nanakia", ka whakamarama ranei te marama i roto i te pouri o te oranga o te iwi. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, i reira he kua e tīmata ana i te mana'o ki i te kaituhi i huaina reo mo te revolution, kia kia ātete ki te parau mau o te ra tahuri, e taea e kore tetahi ite, ara Maxim Gorky.

"Thoughts mea mate" tino mārama faaite te expressionism o te kaituhituhi, hoatu ratou huru maitatai stylistic te tika ki te karanga ngā kōrero tetahi o ana mahi pai. He he rota o ngā pātai kōrero, mārama fakamulituku papau, pīra aronganui. whakaaro Final o te nuinga o nga oko riro te tautohenga taketake ki nga whakaaro o pepeha Gorky Bolshevik. Ko te take matua mō tenei - ko te wāhi ritenga o tirohanga ki te iwi, me te huru faufaa rerekē. ngā kōrero kawa i te passivity wa taua me te faito, o te iwi, me te hit i roto i ona ringa mana mutunga. Ko tenei kaituhi maha nga tau o tikanga ora, i roto i nei kahore he marama, e kore ano te faatura mo te takitahi, e kore ōritetanga ranei haere noa.

Te revolution, Heoi, rite tohu i te taha o to tatou "Thoughts koriri", kei te hiahiatia tonu. Ko tētahi atu mea - te huinga o ona whakaaro tau'atāina, o te takaro toto e tamau noa'i te tahi coups katoa. Here, te "Thoughts" kawe i te wheako ngā o motu whaiaro fakaanga-. whakakitea Gorky tatou te mauri o te tuakiri rua o te iwi Russian. taea ki faaiteraa rā manakohia te tikanga tenei tangata ko paerewa o morare, engari, ahakoa, ka taea e te mahi i te feat, a tae noa whaiaro patunga-.

Ka rite ki te hua, te take o te kore puta, kia rite ki Gorky, tika e kore te mea kite reira nuinga nui. Ehara i "feia faatau" ranei counterrevolutionaries hara o te waimarie kino - me te wairangi Russian mua, te kore o te tikanga me te tūtohutanga ki te huringa hītori. E ai ki te kaituhi, i tonu te iwi kia riro te mahi roa pakeke mōhiotanga o whaiaro, pure i pononga, tupu i roto i reira, marama te ahi o te ahurea.