Tamariki hauā - tamariki hauā. Ngā hōtaka mō ngā tamariki hauā

Ko te ara whai hua te nuinga o te whakahaere whakangungu mō ngā tamariki hauā i roto i te kāinga mahi rite te puka mamao, e whai wāhi te whakamahi o ngā hangarau mōhiohio me te whakawhitiwhiti matatau.

Hei wāhanga o te tukanga ako, e taea te whakatinana mamao, no te taea te hanga e ia ākonga i te motuhake marautanga, urutau ki ana peculiarities takitahi o te hauora me te hiahia mātauranga (mahere mō te whakangungu anō, me te whiwhi i te tikanga e hiahiatia ana).

Ka rite ki te acronym tu mo te hia?

Ko hauā rawa noa, me te toharite. Fakatatau ki ai, tamariki hauā - tamariki e whai ngā momo o te ine (hinengaro, me te tinana), meinga he takahi o te akoranga tūturu o ratou whanaketanga whānui, i roto i te hononga ki e kore e arahi tonu ratou i te ora tonu i.

Hei wāhanga o te āhuatanga mātauranga e taea te whakatakoto i roto i te tatararaa atu kuiti. maha rapu whakangungu whakaora motuhake, me te mātauranga tamariki e kua he takahi o te whanaketanga psychophysical (kupu, kite, rongo, pūnaha toitoi, te maramarama, etc), a ratou - tamariki hauā.

monokia te ako Tawhiti tamariki

Ko te tika ki te mātauranga kua he matua o te tika pāpori, me te ahurea mō te katoa e tika ana ki te meka e te mohio a te reira rite te poi o te ora pāpori, te pānga tino nui i runga i te tukanga whanaketanga tangata.

I roto i te āhuatanga hou ko reira tenei kāwai o tangata pērā i ngā tamariki hauā, kei te anga te reira raruraru (ture, pūtea, whakahaere, hangarau me te pāpori) ki te pā ki te taea o tona whakatinanatanga. I roto i te hononga ki tenei ngā ru, me te poignancy riro ako i te huarahi ture, me te ture ki te whakarite i te tika ki te mātauranga.

Mātauranga o ngā tamariki hauā i te tikanga o te tawhiti e āhei ki te whakarato i nga tamaiti te mātauranga o te kounga teitei ahakoa o te wahi ngā o te akoranga. whakarato noaaraa mōhiotanga i roto i ngā mōhiohio rorohiko taiao te tamaiti ki te whai wāhi ki te whiwhi hiahiatia nga pūkenga e hāngai ana ki a ia i roto i te heke mai, me te ki te mahi me te ki te oraraa tika i roto i te whānui.

I roto i te mahi, he maha nga wa i te reira kua kï e ako i roto i tawhiti hangarau mātauranga hanga te urutanga o ngā tamariki hauā he mātauranga e tika ana, me te te whanaketanga tonu o te hōtaka mātauranga taketake o te mātauranga whānui tuarua.

Hua o te Ako Distance

Here, ka whakahaere i te kaiako whatunga me kaiako (kaiako-kaitohutohu) haapiiraa te whakamahi i te motuhake tūtohi rere, whakamahia nei te rite te wehewehe o te tukanga ako i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā tauira e hāngai ana takitahi-o whakahaere me te marautanga, me te mau haapiiraa (i runga i nga hiahia me ngā āheinga o tenei kāwai rānei ngā ākonga).

Ko konei te whäinga tuatahi o te mātauranga te haumaru o te tuakiri o te tamaiti, me te hanga o ngā āhuatanga e tika ana mo tona faaiteraa. Tenei e taea te tutuki i roto i te ako rerekëtanga, e tango ana ki te pūkete te tohu o te whakawhenumi o te matauranga i roto i te kura nui, te tere o ona mahi me te whanaketanga o ngā pūkenga me ngā āheinga.

He aha e nga tikanga e hiahiatia ana ki te whakatū i whare mātauranga mō ngā tamariki hauā?

Me whakarite rātou i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i:

1. Paetae o ngā hua e tūmanakohia ana e pā ana ki te whanaketanga o ngā ākonga katoa o taketake hōtaka mātauranga o te mātauranga whānui tuatahi.

2. Ko te whakamahi o rua unahi whakatauranga tikanga, me te motuhake o te paetae mātauranga o ngā tamariki hauā e te whakatau o ratou hiahia mātauranga.

3. hāngaitanga auau aromatawai o rerekētanga o mātau faufaa o ia tamaiti ki te hauā, me ētahi atu ngā ākonga, me ngā mātua (ranei kaitiaki ā-ture) me te kaimahi kura.

4. Whakaraupapa o te tukanga mātauranga e pā ana ki ngā tamariki hauā.

5. whanaketanga ngā o te kaha o tenei kāwai o ngā ākonga ki te taunekeneke me te kōrero ki ō rātou hoa.

6. Whanaketanga me te tāututanga āheinga o ngā tamariki hauā i roto i te wāhanga, ngā rōpū, ngā karapu me tari, me te te whakahaere o ngā mahi hapori whai hua, tae atu ki te mahi pāpori, te whakamahi i te kaha o te whakangungu atu ngā o ngā pūtahi mātauranga.

7. whai wāhi o ngā ākonga hauā i roto i o ratou whakataetae auaha, me te hinengaro tīkina, hoahoa me te rangahau ngā mahi , me te auaha pūtaiao, me te hangarau.

8. Ko te whai wāhitanga o ngā tamariki ki te hauā, ngā mātua me te kaimahi whakaako i roto i te whanaketanga o te taketake hōtaka mātauranga o te mātauranga whānui tuatahi, me te i roto i te hoahoa o te taiao pāpori ā-me te hanganga o ara akoranga takitahi.

9. Whakamahi hei wāhanga o te tukanga mātauranga auaha, hangarau te ako e hāngai ana pūtaiao-e E arotahi ana i runga i nga hiahia mātauranga motuhake o ngā ākonga hauā.

10. mahi tahi i roto i te wāhi mātauranga, me te tuarua, me ngā kura motuhake, e ka tukua whakamahi hua o maha nga tau o te wheako whakaako ki te pā ki te mātauranga o ngā tamariki ki te hauā, me te ki te tono i te rawa hanga mo tenei rauemi.

Ko te kupu, ko te hiahia ki te whakawhanake i ngā hōtaka takitahi mō ngā tamariki ki te hauā, e tika e hiahia ana ratou mau metua ki te whai wāhi. I roto i tenei ara hei mōhio o tona kawenga ki te pā ki te kounga o te ora o ratou tamariki, e kore e anake i roto i te whānau, engari ano hoki i te kura e ratou.

pararutiki kaka i roto i te tamariki: Take

E pā ana ki 50 ratou. Heoi, E ratou katoa ratou pakiaka i roto i te hapū kino, me te whanau o muri.

Ko te (pānga kino taumaha meinga) tino nui ngā:

1. Koi anoxia i roto i whanautanga (hei tauira, e tika ana ki raru meti'a uho, ewe, me te al delamination ka werowero.) Ranei roa i muri i whanau (tamaiti taimi halá,: iti iho i te 37 wiki o te hapūtanga ranei te taimaha iti iho i te 2 kg). Ngā mohio mōrearea e rite whanau taimi halá, ki wāhanga whakawhānau.

2. Ko te aroaro o mate intrauterine (cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis, kōpukupuku, me ētahi atu).

3. mate hemolytic Taumaha o te hou (incompatibility immunological i waenganui i te whaea toto fetal me).

4. He maha ngā āhuatanga teratogenic e pā i te pūnaha io pokapū nuinga i roto i te hapū wawe (hei tauira, te horomanga o taero rāhuitia, tae atu te whakawhānau hormonal, te rongo ki radiation, me ētahi atu).

A te reira anake te torutoru āhuatanga kino e taea meinga palsy i roto i ngā tamariki, ka meinga kino nui ki te hauora o te tamaiti.

Āhuatanga o ngā tamariki ki te waimaerotanga ataata

Ka rite ki kua oti deciphered i runga, tamariki hauā - he kāwai o tangata ki etahi ahua o te waimaerotanga. I roto i tenei take - te mahi ataata.

E ai ki te ako o tenei kāwai o ngā tamariki, e whai ake nei i te ia o nga akiakinga o disorders ataata tauwhāiti Kua tāutuhia:

1. Kua nui haere te tokomaha o ngā tamariki ki te kite wäriu (90%) tino. Ko ratou:

• tino matapo - 3-4%;
• i perception marama - 7%;
• VIZUS ki te 0,06 - 10%.

2. Ko te hua i roto i te ōrau o disorders ataata matatini. Heoi, kei te whai pānga te take torutoru noa ki te waimaerotanga ataata, e kua āhuatanga e te hinga kotahi tona mahi. rangahau maha i roto i tenei mara i whakapumautia e te nuinga o kōhungahunga i 2-3 mate kanohi.

3. Haamaraa i roto i te maha o hē e haere tahi i te mate ataata. Tikanga, whai wāhi ratou he takahi o te pūnaha io pokapū.

Integration o ngā tamariki hauā i roto i te kōhungahunga

Ko te tukanga o te whakaako tamariki hauā i roto i te faanahoraa mātauranga o te momo whānui tenei. hoatu ana tēnei take te rawa nui aro i teie mahana.

tikanga mātauranga Integrated e ia hei rangatira tamariki hauā i roto i te kōhungahunga i te taua pūkenga, ngā āheinga, me te matauranga, me i te wa ano, ka rite ki te tikanga whakawhanake.

E kōhungahunga tau whakaaro te ki hei te pai tino ki te tuitui o ngā tamariki hauā ki te rōpū o ō rātou hoa ki te whanaketanga noa.

Mātauranga o ngā tamariki hauā i roto i te kura

E tangohia ratou i reira i muri i te taenga o te mutunga o ako me te äpiha tiaki-hinengaro Komihana, e me e kī e taea te whakaakona te tamaiti hei wāhanga o te kura whānui.

He te hoki whakarato mōhiohio e pā ana ki te āhuatanga hinengaro, me te kaupapa o te whanaketanga o te tangata ngā, me te hua tātaritanga i roto i ēnei wāhanga. Kua whakarōpūtia nga tūtohutanga mahi mō te haere tahi mahi i roto i te kōpaki ākonga.

meka mohiotia tu e te whakawhitinga i te kōhungahunga ki te taiepa kura ko te tino he raruraru, na reira he matua mahi ratonga tautoko mahi mahi taupā ki ngā tamariki hauā ki te pā ki te ārai raruraru o te wā urutaunga.

Ki te aha kia fehangahangai e tamariki hauā i roto i te whakawhitinga i te kōhungahunga ki te kura?

Na roto i te wā o ngā raruraru whakatikatika ngā:

• whaiaro (te tohu tiketike o te manukanuka, papû ore i roto i te ope, iti hihiri ako, takarepa kiritau-);
• pāpori-hinengaro (he tokomaha o ngā raruraru o te maladjustment pāpori);
• hinengaro (whakarongo, whakaaro, mahara, perception, a na i runga i. d.).

Ko te ahunga matua o ngā mahi ratonga tautoko

Me riro tamariki hauā i roto i te kura, puta noa i te tautoko whakangungu o te wāhi e whai ake nei:

1. mehua tātaritanga e pā ana ki ao aronganui me te volitional, whakahihiko me te hinengaro o te tuakiri o te ākonga.
2. mahi tātari.
3. mehua whakahaere (kura kōrero hinengaro, hauora, me te ako, e rua hui kaimahi nui, me te iti, wā whakangungu, hui ki ngā mātua o ngā ākonga, ngā kaiako me ngā māngai whakahaere).
4. mahi Tohutohu ki ngā ākonga, me ō rātou mātua, me ngā kaiako.
5. āraihia (whakatinanatanga o ngā hōtaka e hāngai ana ki te whakatutuki i te take ki te pā ki te ngā pāhekoheko).
6. ngā mahi ako me te whanaketanga nahanaha (takitahi me te rōpū awheawhe ki ngā tauira uaua te urutau).

Whakarōpū o te kāwai o tangata e A. R. Muller

Kei te hāngai te reira i runga i te āhua motuhake o te hara, e ko, tamariki hauā e taea e:

• turi;
• pakeke o te rongo;
• te mutunga turi;
• matapo;
• waimaero te;
• roto i te ofatiraa o te mahi o te pūnaha musculoskeletal;
• roto i te ofatiraa o te aronganui me te volitional;
• hauā hinengaro;
• ki te pōhauhautanga;
• ki disorders kupu nui;
• matatini hauātanga whanaketanga matatini.

E ono momo dizontogeneza V. V. Lebedinskogo

Ka rite ki whakahuatia mua, tamariki hauā - he kāwai o tangata ki etahi hauā. Na, ko te ahua tuatahi o taua mahi dizontogeneza underdevelopment hinengaro. Tona tauira angamaheni - retardation hinengaro.

Ko te momo tuarua - te whanaketanga roa kanohi poliformnoy rōpū he rerekētanga (infantilism, waimaero pūkenga kura underdevelopment o mahi cortical teitei, me ētahi atu.).

toru o te momo kau hoko i te whanaketanga hinengaro (te tīmatanga noa, a muri takahi tika ki injuries mate o te CNS ranei).

A maha - te whanaketanga takarepa, i te mea he rerekētanga psycho-tinana, engari i raro ki maumaui nui o rānei tirohanga, ranei te pūnaha musculoskeletal, ranei rongo.

fakakehei rima o te tirohanga te whanaketanga, āhuatanga e te huinga o nga momo i runga ake.

Tuaono - he takahi o te tukanga o te tuakiri hanganga. I roto i tenei take, i te tauira angamaheni ko nga momo momo o te psychopathology.

Ko te ngako o te mahi ki te tautoko i ngā tamariki ki te hauā i roto i nga whare nohoanga

Ako-whakawhanake mahi ki ngā tamariki hauā - he ki te āwhina i roto i to ratou whanaketanga hinengaro, me te pāpori (te hanganga o whakapakoko o whanonga takatika-pāpori, me te ki waia ki te ahurea o te hapori, ngā pūkenga, me ngā āheinga mahi o ia rā akoranga).

i hanga te hanganga o te mātauranga me te whakangungu o ngā tamariki hauā whakawhanaketanga e pera e i roto i ia wā tau, a i whakaratohia ki ngā mahi whakatika whānui, me te motuhake.

Aha kia meatia ki te arotahi ki runga i te tiaki o tenei kāwai o nga tangata te mahi?

He ahurei tamariki hauā, kia kia tiaki fakatonutonu kia wehewehea nui taea. E titau te reira teimaha, manawanui me te mahi arotahi. Me kaiako ki te kia mārama he aha te ahua o ngā tikanga whakaako, ko te pai ki te tono ki te ākonga motuhake, me pehea ki te āwhina i fekuki ia ki te mau fifi i roto i te akoranga o te whakangungu, e pā ana te nuinga ki tona mate.

Mahi ki ngā tamariki ki te hauā a tikanga tau kōhungahunga whai wāhi mai ratou i roto i te taiao i āta hangaia mātauranga me te whanaketanga, me te te whakahaere o te whakangungu kia whai, kia tangohia e ki pūkete ratou tau, me ngā āhuatanga psychophysical.

Na, te mutunga, kia whakamahara ano reira te tuhinga uiuia maua te ariā. Tamariki hauā - he kāwai o tangata, e kua āhuatanga e raruraru (hinengaro tinana ranei), e titau te huarahi rawa whakaritea ki te ako.