"Overton Matapihi" - he aha te mea tenei ariā?

Āhua tata timata ki te whakaputa tuhinga i whakatakotoria atu te ngako o tetahi o te ariā whakahaere kamupene. huaina ana tēnei tikanga ko hanga te kairangahau huaina ko reira te "Overton Matapihi." Ko te ariā rawaka me convincingly whakaahua ana pēhea te whakahaere pāpori, me te mōhiohio o te iwi, me te hapori rite te katoa, i roto i te rau tau whakamutunga i whakamahia te pokapū Euro-Atlantic o te kaha ao. Ko te whakaaro matua o taua mahi ko te dehumanization, te pirau, depersonalization me razchelovechivanie whenei pāpori katoa.

Ko te ngako o te ariā

"Overton Matapihi" - he aha te mea tenei tikanga? Ko te ariā tōrangapū e whakaahua ana i te rohe o whakaaro mō te whakatamarikitanga taea e te hapori tenei. Ko te anga ngā o ngā whai wāhitanga, me te ko te ahua o te matapihi.

tohu ana tēnei ariā ki te noho tuwhera tonu tōrangapū o te whakaaro. Huri i te reira i roto i ki te wikitoria i te feruriraa o te iwi e kore e taea e te reira i te tono o te Statesman. Ka Tetahi whakaaro kia whakaaetia e te Kamupene anake, ki te taka ki roto ki te "matapihi". Heoi, puta te reira i roto i te rārangi o te hunga ariā, e te hunga i te wa i homai e manakohia e te iwi. I muri, ka e taea ki te piri ki te kaupapa here, kahore te wehi o tukuaki'i o extremism radicalism ranei enei whakaaro. Ko te nekehanga o te "matapihi" puta i roto i te take o ngā rerekētanga i roto i te whakaaro tūmatanui, me te hanga i te taupori o tenei taua kaupapa here ranei.

Ko te kōrero o

sociologist American Dzhozef Overton matapihi o te whai wāhitanga mō te whakauru ari moepuku Kāore ako, ka te aroaro ki te whakaaro tūmatanui i roto i 1990. I roto i tenei wā, i mahi ia rite perehitini tuarua o Mackinac Center mō te Center Kaupapahere Public.

"Overton Matapihi" - he aha te ahua o te pānga i runga i whakaaro tūmatanui? kahore he brainwashing, me te hangarau atu mātanga tenei. Whai hua hanga reira te pūnaha tono ōrite, me te te pānga pārurenga meka zavualirovannost.

Hei tauira, kua manako noa ke te tangata subculture takatāpui rite te pai kia rite ki to ratou tika ki te tango tamariki, ki te marena, me te ki te whakatairanga ratou hōkakatanga. I te wa taua ki reira kua korero e pā ana ki te meka i ko te akoranga tūturu o nga mea tenei katoa. Heoi, ehara i te mea na e tatou convincingly Dzhozef Overton i 1990. whakakitea te kaituhi te hangarau katoa e whai wāhi ana ki te whakangaromanga o pūtahi tūmatanui, hua i roto i te legalization o whakaaro moepuku. A i roto i te tikanga ki te whakatutuki i te hua e hiahiatia ana, he mea e tika ana ki te mahi i te katoa e rima kaupae, haere 5 "Overton Matapihi." I roto i tenei hapori tuatahi timata ki te whakatau i tetahi whakaaro ore ki a ia, neke ia ki te paetukutuku o te hāngai, a ka hoatu ki te wahi hou o te ture, ka e kia noaa te tika ki te tīariari tae noa tata te tahi mea rahi ake.

A feruri i te "Overton Matapihi" hei tauira o te kai. Ki te rā, te whakaaro o te legalization o tika tangata 'ki te kai tahi i te tahi tino kī. Whakatö o tenei āhuatanga ki te tohatoha i tenei wa, ko te taea noa. pono Society ka faaite kaha te tenei mahi e wehingia ana. Heoi, ki te timata koe ki te whakamahi i te "Overton Matapihi", e ka hoatu a reira te hunga e hiahia ana ki te whakatairanga i tēnei whakaaro? E ai ki te ariā o te sociologist American, te otinga o tenei raruraru i te kau, ko te i te wā kore, e kiia nei ko "hohore." Ka taea te whakatinana i te whakaaro i muri i anake te otinga o ngā wāhanga katoa o matapihi o faingamālie. mahi te reira i te ara, kahore te huti.

I tenei ariā, e faahema teka nga hinengaro o te tangata, paingia tenei a Nikita Mikhalkov i tona hōtaka auaha "Besogon". "Overton Matapihi" i roto i tona whakaaro, he maha to matou mata TV, i roto i nei te ngakau o te tangata e taea tomo tetahi mea.

hangarau

whakaahua ana sociologist American nga mahi e taea ai te hapori ki te kawe legalization tino tetahi whakaaro. e kore te Technology "Overton Matapihi" tapaea e te kaituhi. Ia whakaahuatia noa nga tikanga ngā, te whakamahi o nei arata'i ki te hua e hiahiatia ana. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, te aroaro Overton kua hangarau whakahaere i, i tona whai huatanga kia nui te hononga rere.

Ko te wāhanga tuatahi

Ko te wāhanga tuatahi o tenei ariā rite "Matapihi Overton" - he aha te mea tenei wā, he aha te whakaaro e whaia ana i te reira? Ki te whiwhi te hua e hiahiatia ana i roto i te taahiraa tuatahi kia:

- faaore tātau mō te kōrero o te āhuatanga ngā;

- kia ka mohiotia whānuitia i roto i te i te mau melo o te hapori te whakaaro;

- mata ki kōrero ngā o tenei āhuatanga;

- ki te whakaara i te whakaaro ki te mana o te nui kaupapa ao.

Hei tutuki ai tēnei whāinga whakaurua tetahi tītohunga e i roto i te rohe mōhiohio rite te tuwhena-kaiwaea. Tenei āhua o ngā whakaaro ka kukume i te aro o te hapori.

I tua atu, aho kōrero noa āta haere ki whakaritea. "Hohore" āta neke ki "radically". Hia na te iwi whānui ranei taua tītohunga, i te mea i roto i te rohe waipiro, ka mālōlō puna o ngā mōhiohio i runga i tetahi tauira ngā. Ka hoatu tenei i mawhiti whakaaro pai tuatahi - ki te kitea i roto i ahakoa te taua tītohunga whakamataku, a he aha e kore rave i te reira? He aha whai Ko te mutunga e mahi tika e etahi iwi, ia he hari ratou.

kia "hurihia atu" te reira ariā "Overton Matapihi" kai. I roto i te tikanga ki te iriti i te reira i te ari faito ore i roto i te rohe o tuwhena, ka taea e koe te kohikohi kurutetenga mātauranga whakaaro he kaupapa pērā i "ngā tikanga o tāwahi o nga iwi Kiwa." Here, ka kia ngohengohe ki te kōrero e pā ana ki te āhuatanga o te kai tangata, e ka waiho hei ariā tuatahi o te kaupapa i huaina pūtaiao "Overton Matapihi." Tenei taahiraa, i faaitehia i roto i te arotake o te whakaaro tūmatanui ngā ka huri huru tūturu ki pai. tae te wā tuatahi te. whakaurua Kaupapa ki tohanga, me te ngaro te tātau i runga te aparauraa i te reira.

Tenei ariā i roto i to tatou whenua he ona mau hi'oraa oraora. tamata "Overton Matapihi" ki te neke, te ani i te uiraa i roto i te pāpāho e pā ana ki te tūponotanga o te tuku o Leningrad roto i te tikanga ki te karo i te mate o te tokomaha nui o te iwi, a ka whakaatu hoki i te whakarite o te toa Olympic Russian ki te rangatira SS. He take angamaheni o te wāhanga tuatahi o tenei ariā, ka ahu mai te te kaupapa i te rohe whakarerenga enei. Ki te whakaae te kamupene ki te tango i te taahiraa taua, te toe kaupae e tango i te reira wahi aunoa. Aua'e, kihai i nga mua aparau i ngā kaupapa e whakaarohia ana e ratou, whakaaro ratou āta kohukohu.

waewae tuarua

atu e taea te aha kauwhau "Overton Matapihi"? whakaaro te ariā te atamira i muri o te mahi kia rite ki te whakawhitinga i te "tuwhena" ki "manakohia". I roto i te whāinga matua o tēnei wā - whakauru o ariā i mua tātau i roto i nei hapori whakakahore ngā mua e whakamaoritia i roto i te euphemisms fakaeongo kūpapa. I roto i tenei āhuatanga hara te huri tona tikanga taketake. Kei te hoatu te reira i te ingoa e homai he 'uhinga pai. I te wa ano whakarato mōhiohio e pā ana ki te tangata kōrero o ranei e pa tetahi ara ranei tetahi i mua i te āhuatanga Kāore. e kore e taua mahi whakatikaia, engari tuu tonu wahi o te hapori te whakaaro e whai tatou katoa hara.

Mō pehea ki te whakawhanake atu i te tukanga o faati'a kai, pera tauira ka taea. "Overton Matapihi" ka haere tonu ki te neke ki te hokohoko atu o ūkuia pūtaiao. arata'i tenei ki te whakaaro e te tangata e kore nei e hiahia ana ki te kōrero i tenei kaupapa, e kore e whakawhānui ki te matauranga. Ka taea te whakaaro te reira i te bigot tinihanga ranei. Whakarara ki te kai tangata i te tahi ingoa huatau kia hoatu. Ko te tino nui mo te legalization o whakaaro hohore tenei wāhi. Ka rite ki te hua o te kai kore kē. He, hei tauira, anthropophagy. Ki te hohoro ka whakaaro tenei whakamāramatanga whakahāwea, i hohoro whakakapi reira e tetahi.

Ko te whakaaro o te tito ngā hou ko te wehenga atu i te āhua o te raruraru me tona momotuhi. Ko te āhua o te rau te kupu me tona ihirangi, e whakaputa hoariri wä tohenga taimaha.

Āpiti atu ki te kēmu i reira ko te hanga o te tauira ingoa tohutoro. unuhia te marama te pūrākau, ngā kōrero o mua, o nāianei, tika te take paki ranei, e me e ka turetia. Kimihia ia hei "tohu" mahuinga e, i roto i te parau tumu, ka taea ki te whakamana i kai tangata. Hei tauira, ka taea e tatou haamana'o te kōrero o te whaea e, ki te whakaora i a ratou tamariki i te matewai, inu me ratou toto ake. Na nga atua onamata! te tikanga kai ratou katoa i roto i te rarangi. whakapono nga Roma he noa, me te taiao i tēnei āhuatanga! Tautāwhi enei tautohetohe, whai nga kaituhi ki te tapaea takaro o kai hi'o taihara. Tera pea ko reira ara kotahi anake i roto i tetahi taime ngā hītori.

te toru te atamira

hāngai Psychology "Overton Matapihi" i tenei wā kua i:

- whakaaetanga o te whakaaro o te hau māori, me te huru tūturu o te āhuatanga i raro i kōrero;

- te whakakorenga o waiaro ki te kaupapa rite tino Kāore.

I tenei wā ki reira ko te whakawhitinga i "manakohia" ki "whaitake". Te raruraru, rite mua katoa, kua wehea ki ngā momo maha. E ri'ari'a etahi o ratou, ka ko te muri rawa e manakohia, me te reka. I roto i tenei take, te aroaro o te iwi whānui e te rota o ngā rerekē o te tirohanga i runga i ia o nga momo o ngā raruraru e kua whakahuatia tino raugatira ona ngā mema.

I tenei wā o te kaupapa, "Overton Matapihi" i roto i te faatura o te kai e taea te aroaro tukutahi ki te ahua i roto i nga pāpāho o taua tauākī:

- whakapataritari anthropophilia;

- ki te hiahia kia he tangata-tangata e kai ana tūturu i roto i te āhua o te tangata;

- ngā Ko reka te hua i rahuihia, a na runga i ..

I roto i te ngakau tūmatanui hanga he mara tāwhaiwhai o te whawhai. e kore te iwi Normal e tau'a ki te take i whakaarahia, riro tonu te mana o hoariri tuwhena. I te wa ano, kairīpoata me pūtaiao whakamatau te katoa o te hapori e te tangata puta noa i te hītori o tona oraraa i wa wa ki, whangai tahi i te tahi, me e he tino noa.

te wha o nga atamira

Ko te whakaaro o te kaupapa taahiraa "Overton Matapihi" - whakawhiti i te raruraru i te wā o "maruhi" ki "rongonui". I tenei wā:

- tohatoha pārongo i runga i tītohunga papatipu i raro i kōrero;

- i roto i te mahara tūmatanui whakaurua te whakaaro o te aroaro tūturu o te raruraru;

- whakarato tauira raima i te iwi pai-mohiotia, e kore e meinga pato'iraa o te taupori.

Ko te kupu, te wha o nga wā o te hanganga o te rongonui rerekē o te āhuatanga. I roto i te akoranga o te eke tatauranga. hua whika Media i roto i te hua i roto i te rongonui o te whakaaro i te korero e pā ana ki te iwi e whai wāhi i roto i tenei āhuatanga, me te kupu e ataahua kore anake i roto i te whanonga, engari ano hoki i roto i te ahua.

Na te aha e taea te popularized kai-? Anthropophagus pehu whakaurua i roto i ngā whakaaturanga korero, me te korero. ka whai i te tohatoha whānui i roto i te kiriata, i roto i ngā ataata me te waiata whakamana e kaiwaiata iwi. Ko taea ki te tono me te kotahi o te popularization o ngā tūāhua mahi, ka karanga "Titiro i nga taha." Ko te pāpāho i körerotia no ki te kai tangata kaitito rongonui kaiwhakahaere ranei, a ka hoatu mōhiohio e pā ana ki te kimi mirioni o compatriots kaitangata i roto i te nuthouse.

I tenei wā ka haere mai te kaupapa i roto i te tihi, ka tīmata samoproizvoditsya i roto i tōrangapū, a na polubiznese. D. I roto i te tikanga ki te whakatika i te kaitautoko o legalization o tenei whakaaro wehi e kaimahi kino humanized. E faataahia ratou i te ara pai, ka kitea nga huru e hiahiatia ana. Ka taea e taua iwi te mea e he ratou te iwi auaha, to ratou he IQ teitei a na i runga i. D.

rima o te atamira

I roto i tenei mahi i reira ko te raruraru o te translation atamira "rongonui" i roto i te hōkai o "Political". I roto i tenei take, te whai ake whāinga:

- te āhuatanga o te iritiraa ki te hongere tōrangapū;

- te karanga o whakakorehanga o te whakaaro o ngā wāwahitanga tika tangata;

- te whakataki ki te mahara o te iwi i te huru kino ki te whakakāhoretanga o te āhuatanga.

Movement "Overton Matapihi" i tenei wā, he taea reira rite ki te hua o maha rangahau pāpori, hua i roto i te āhuatanga ka tikanga rite te pāpori-tōrangapū. I roto i tenei take, ka tīmata te whakaaro i mua ngali Kāore ki te kia whakaurua i roto i te kaupapa te kōrero o ngā take tono whakataunga tōrangapū ture ranei. I roto i tenei take, ka te raruraru kia te aroaro ki te iwi whānui rite te hiahia ki te tiaki i "paerikiriki", i te mea i raro i riri.

I te wā whakamutunga o te kaupapa, "Overton Matapihi" kei te te whakarite ture. Kei te patua kē Society i tenei momeniti. te wahi tino matatau o reira anake ka he whakakeke, he iti faateiteihia e ki te paetukutuku o te ture a taea noatia mea tata kī. Heoi, kua hapori rite te katoa, kua whati, ka rite ki o ratou mate.

nunu'a o te hangarau

Ka rite ki te hua o te haere i roto i te ariā e rima ngā wāhanga katoa huaina ko ngaro "Overton Matapihi" tangata tona au maite i roto. Engari, anake te roto mamae me te totohe noho ki te iwi. Te tangata whakaū tenei hangarau e kore e whai ki te hanga katoa te tangata fiefia. hanga "Matapihi" kaupapa e ki te whiwhi i te pere e hiahiatia ana i roto i te whanaketanga o te hapori. ko te kupu timata Kaiwhakamahi ki te ngaro pa ki to ratou ahurea me pakiaka. riro ratou whakaraerae me te ngako. He tauira o tenei e taea e te auau whakamomori tiketike, kitea nei i roto i nga whenua whakawhanakehia. Ko te aha e taea tatou te mea e katoa o te runga ake - he hangarau whakangaromanga tūturu. "Overton Matapihi" tangohia atu iwi o te tangata, ārahi ratou ki te whakangaromanga.

pato'iraa

Turia atu te mana o ngā whakaaro teka e taea e te kore i nga wahi katoa, me te wa katoa "noa". pupuri anake ratou ake individuality, e kore e hoatu e matou te mana o ia i roto i te ringa he. e kore e kia patua e te whawhe nui o te hapori, ka taea ngā tikanga, mau peu, me te ahurea o ratou tupuna, ko wai me āta penapena reira, ka tiaki. ka tauturu i ēnei uara tonu ki te tiaki i te individuality o ia me te tangata katoa. e kore e tika i tenei ki te whai i nga whakarerenga iho roa-riro. Kati ki te faatura ratou me te taonga. A ko reira utu te haamana'oraa e whakaahuatia te hangarau Overton, tino ngāwari tono i roto i te hapori kātaki wahi i reira he kahore mana'o, Kahore hoki i puta mārama i waenganui i te pai me te kino.