Macrolides. Whakarōpū (āhua-waihanga, māori me azalides)

mowhiti lactone Macrocyclic - ko te pūtake o te hanganga matū o te rōpū o paturopi macrolides. Te whakarōpū tā wehea nei, ki 14, 15 me te 16-membered. E whakaaro ēnei paturopi ki hei te paitini iti.

Macrolides. Whakarōpū i te momo o te takenga

macrolides Natural:

Macrolide "erythromycin" - ko te rongoā paturopi bacteriostatic tuatahi, i tohua te timatanga o te rōpū nui tenei. I riro te reira i roto i 1952 i Streptomyces erythreus - actinomycetes oneone. No te mea macrolide "erythromycin" kua te taonga o reversibly here ki ribosomal 50s-subunit, e takahi ana te reira i te hanganga o te peptide here i waenganui i ngā rāpoi ngota waikawa amino o te āhua, me te mahi ārai kōtuitanga pūmua o ngā microorganisms. Ko te kupu paturopi "erythromycin" e kore e whakaawe i te kōtuitui (pūhui) waikawa karihi. I pota tiketike, i roto i te faatura o etahi momo o huakita kia whai i te pānga bactericidal.

Macrolide "Spiramycin" - ko te rongoā paturopi ahu e te i Streptomyces ambofaciens actinomycetes, ia - te tuatahi o te rōpū o macrolides 16-membered. mowhiti Lactone - ko te pūtake hanganga o te faaineineraa "Spiramycin". Kei a ia ko 16 ngota waro (C) kia e kua piri toru toenga warowaihā: mycarose, mycaminose me forosamine. Teuteu he i roto i te taonga kaha tona hanganga spiramycin tohaina i roto i Canada, Latin America ko Europe.

Macrolide "Josamycin" - he rongoā paturopi, he rōpū māngai o macrolides 16-membered. I whakaputahia e Streptomyces narbonensis. He he pānga o te huru bactericidal. inhibits reira kōtuitanga pūmua o nga pūhui, ārai maukati tuipūmua (waka) ka hono ki te membrane subunit 50s-ribosomal, ai ārai i te utu o peptides i te A. pokapū tukua i roto i te maimoatanga o mate i roto i te hapū.

macrolides āhua-waihanga:

Macrolide "Roxithromycin" - ko te atibiotik āhua-waihanga 14-membered tuatahi tenei. I ahu mai te reira i i te macrolide "erythromycin". Āhuatanga o te hanganga hoatu ana e ia he ātete teitei ki te waikawa, microbiological me whakapai ake ngā tawhā pharmacokinetic.

Macrolide "Clarithromycin" - he rongoā paturopi 14-membered, pārōnaki macrolide "erythromycin". Kua pai ake te reira i ātete ki te waikawa me te whakapai ake pharmacokinetic me āhuatanga antibacterial.

macrolides Natural-paturopi e kaha tino ki a Gram-pai, te tahi mau microorganisms Gram-kino, me te intracellular. He macrolides hou pērā i āhua-waihanga, kaha atu ki Pseudomonas, Enterobacteriaceae, anaerobic microflora me te Bacillus rewharewha.

Na rawa, nga azalides - te whakatupuranga macrolides hou:

Rongoā paturopi "Azithromycin" e pā ana ki te azalides sublcass e te hunga paku rerekē i roto i te hanganga i te macrolides tikanga. Ring i roto i te macrolide "Azithromycin" kahore lactone, engari te 15-membered. Kislotoustoychivot faarahi te reira ki runga ki te 300 wa whakaritea ki te rongoā paturopi, "erythromycin".

Macrolides. Whakarōpū o whakatupuranga:

1 - raau taero "oleandomycin" "erythromycin";
2 - macrolides "Roxithromycin", "Spiramycin", "Josamycin", "midecamycin", "Clarithromycin";
3 - macrolide "Azithromycin".

Tuhinga rōpū macrolide o paturopi. Whakarōpū o mate

Ko te hunga e pā te pūnaha romahā: pakohu kakā whakapeka, tonzillofaringit streptococcal, kakā whiwhi-hapori, exacerbation o Bronchitis, mare, diphtheria.

Kiri, me te kiko ngohengohe: pakewakewa, chlamydia, lymphogranuloma venereum, chancroid, hakihaki.

kōhao Oral: periodontitis me periostitis.

pūnaha kūnatu: köpiro Campylobacter, he whewhe puku.

Hoki macrolides whakamahia mo te ārai o te mate e whai ake nei: pertussis, meningitis, rūmātiki, endocarditis.