Leo Tolstoy, "Youth", he whakarāpopototanga o te

Tale Tolstoho "Tupú" ngā i roto i te raupapa pukapuka mōna ko te pukapuka whakamutunga i muri i nga wahi "Kōhungahunga" me "fatu-". Ko te kaituhi haere i runga i ki korero e pā ana ki te whānau Irteneva ora. tonu te arotahi o te kaituhituhi ki Nicholas, kua tupu-ake, tamaiti-tau 16-tau.

Koroke me vero wairua taitamariki i roto i te aamu "Tupú"

Oti Tolositoi "Youth", he whakarāpopototanga o nei tatou whakaaro inaianei, i roto i 1857, te tau, 5 nga tau i muri i te tuhi i te huringa pukapuka tuatahi - "Kōhungahunga". I roto i tenei wa ke ahau me te kaituhituhi ia: wairua whakatika, nui reworked i roto i tona ngakau, me te i roto i te hinengaro. Fakataha ki a ia i haere he ara hohonu, me te uaua o te whaiaro matauranga-me māra morare tona hero tino, Nicholas: i tairongo, tamaiti pai, tahuri ia ki puai ie rapu fefeka tona ara he tangata taitamariki.

haamata Tolositoi "Tupú" (he whakarāpopototanga o te reira i roto i mua o tatou) whakamārama Nikolenka āhua o te ngakau. Kei te faaineine ia ki te tomo i te Whare Wānanga, me te moe e pā ana ki te heke mai, me tona whakarite tiketike. Ka ia whakaturia te mahi o te whanaketanga morare, tuhi te aito i roto i te pukapuka motuhake ana whakaaro mahi hoki mahi, ngā kawenga, ngā ture e me whai ia ki te hiahia ia ki te riro i te tangata pono fakalaumālie.

I te Wiki o Tapu, ispovedyvayas te aroaro o te confessor, mana'o Irtenev purea hohonu, ofi ki te Atua, me te aroha motuhake mo ia, ki te iwi, me te koe. Young Nicholas hari e ko ia taua he whakamiharo, marama, a ka hiahia ia ki te whare katoa, ka mohio te utuafare e pā ana ki reira. A i te po, whakaaro e pā ana ki ano tetahi atu raruraru, te mauiui roa, peke he marama iti ake, ka rere ki te whaki hou. I muri i te fariiraa i te hou te faaoreraa hara, me te hara, ko ia tino hari. E au ra e i roto i te ao i reira he kore tetahi parakore ake me te whakamarama, engari ka i roto i te pai o te tamaiti hinengaro tiri ana ngā wheako me mana'o ki te atekōkiri kapa, e kore nei i faaite i to'na mau mana'o. Nikolenka te koa āta ngohe ki waho, a ka mutu te wiwi o reira ki te mea na nui.

ln Tolositoi "Youth", he whakarāpopototanga o e e fakamanatu tatou, kei te hanga e rite ana te ahua o te kōrero ki te hero ia. Kei te tonu te tangata taitama rave i roto i te whaiaro-whakamātautau, whakaaetanga whakatau he o koe ranei. Ia rapu fefeka whakautu ki te pātai "aha te mea pai?" A "aha te mea kino?". Ko tipu ake, te tomokanga ki te ora hou, pea te wā uaua tino i roto i te ora o nga tangata.

riro Nicholas he ākonga - te reira i te ahua o te haere i roto i te ao pakeke. Na te tangata taitama, o te akoranga, ka taea e kore e tutuki. Ko hoa ki Nekhludoff, taitamariki tangata pakeke neke atu i ko ia, nui, te mana ia. E kore e kowaiwai o mātakitaki, mārama Irtenev aha Dmitry - te tangata ki nei kia waiho ai, he i roto i te tamarikitanga "koura": e kore ia e inu, e kore e paowa, e kore e tikanga rudely me kārangaranga, e kore e whakamanamana whakaora i runga i nga wahine. A ko reira rawa te ritenga o te whanonga o te tahi atu hoa Nikolenka - Volodya me Dubkov. Heoi, titiro ratou ki a Nicholas tauira "molodchestva" me "comme il faut": tikanga noho noa, te mahi te mea ratou hiahia, kakai me te rake, a tonu te tiki i atu ki reira. pee Nicholas ana hoa, otiia e kore te mea te mutunga kahore pai.

Tamau noa Tolositoi "Youth", he whakarāpopototanga o nei te tino hanga reira taea ki te mahino te ngako o te hua, te "whakamātautau" muri Nikolenka: hei motuhake me te pakeke, me tono e ia he karanga pāpori he hoa o te utuafare, noho totoka, i noho noa, māia, kia mau te whakahaere ahuareka, a na i runga i. d. Taua mau hahaereraa e te hero ki fifi, i pokaia e ia i roto i te ora fakamāmaní, ka titiro te iwi ki te kia campy, te ngau ke, teka. E kore te mea te hero kia nui mārama pehea maoritia mana'o te uho o te iwi, na ko reira tino ngāwari, me te hinengaro anake ki Nekhludoff. Ko te taea ki te whakamārama i te rota, te aperaa i te reo moralizing, e pupuri ana ia ia ki Nicholas, i runga i te taahiraa rite ia. I raro i te mana o Dmitri Nikolai ite e wāhanga tipu, kei te tū nei ia, e kore ko reira noa te huringa whaiaroaro i roto i tona tinana, me te hanganga o tona wairua.

Leo Tolstoy "Tupú" hanga ki te aroha, te kitenga i roto i o ratou Nicholas taitamariki utu teina pakeke - i'oa o te hero, me te ia. No reira, te wera me te nanakia ki i pā te kaituhi ki te pūāhua matua, tona ao i roto. Hei tauira, ka i roto i te kainga admires pono Irtenev āhua, mana'o ia reira hohonu a lhianga - he reira te utu ki te kaituhi, no te mea fokotu'u mai tenei huru te ao i roto taonga o te hero, tona rerehua maiteraa.

I roto i tona pene whakamutunga hanga "Tupú" Tolositoi tatou whakaaro te rota. Ka tīmata ki te ako, ka eke ki te tamarikitanga pai taiao ākonga hou, Irtenev tīmata tuatahi ki te ora rite ki ona ture, ki te neke atu i Nekhludoff. Ko pretty hohoro tīmata te hero kia kite: i roto i te marama i reira he kore ruma fakamātoato mana'o, ponana, waiaro. Katoa whakakapi reira nga tikanga o nga proprieties pāpori me ngā here. mamae te reira i Nikolenka, i whakama i roto ia ia, i tona ataahua, moe kūare, me te iwi, e karapoti nei ia ia.

Otira ka whiwhi ia tetahi ra, he pukapuka, hainatia nei e te "Ture o Life". Tangi, whakatau ia e e tuhituhi ia ture hou mo te, te ora parakore tika, me te kore e huri ia ratou. Kei te tatari ia mo te hawhe tuarua o tona tamarikitanga, tika me e kia nui oaoa tuatahi.