Ko te roro maui o te ngakau: anga, mahi, māuiuitanga

te tangata me te kararehe teitei, ngā te ngakau o wha ruma: e rua atria me rua ventricles. Fakatatau ki ai, kua wehea te whakaritenga o te ventricles rite pai rite te atria ki matau, a mahue.

Ko te roro maui ko te timatanga o te tohatoha nahanaha.

anatomy

mahue Post ana roro me te marae maui mā te whakatuwheratanga atrioventricular maui, i te roro tika ventriculus hinana pātaki interventricular rawa taratahi. Mai i tenei ruma o te ngakau rau te haoraora, te toto ki runga ki taua mea taonga e te ki te hāora i roto i te pera iti taka ki te whekau.

titiro te reira i ana roro maui rite te koeko Taupokia, a anake te tetahi o kāmera katoa whai wāhi i roto i te hanganga o te tihi ngakau. Nā ki te nui atu i roto i te ana roro matau, te rahi, kei te whakapono ai e ko te ngakau i runga i te maui, engari i roto i te meka ko reira tata te pokapū o te pouaka.

E tekau ki te rima mitamano matotoru taiepa ventricular maui, i te mea e rave rahi taime atu atu tohu rite i roto i te ana roro tika. he tika ki te myocardium atu whakawhanakehia i te taha ki maui tenei e tika ana ki te kawenga teitei. Ko, te teitei te rōrahi o te mahi i mahi, te matotoru o te pakitara ngakau. Te roro maui pana toto, whai wāhi i roto i te tohanga nahanaha, i te roro tika whakarato rōrahi toto mo te porohita iti. Ko te aha, i raro i ngā āhuatanga noa, kei te ruarua whakawhanakehia te whakamutunga, a ka he correspondingly raro tona matotoru.

katia karere Atrioventricular (rua) i te taha ki maui ko piha mitral, arā, o te posterior me ngā pānui kōrero mārōrō,. Kei te mua i roto i te takiwā o te pakitara wehewehe interventricular, me te tuarongo - waho ona.

Mai i parirau e rua whakawhānui chord - whenu tendon e mau te whitiki ki te uaua papillary. Na roto i piha enei uaua, me te mahi ona mahi, e te, i roto i systole, kahore he hoki o te toto hoki ki te marae.

E piri uaua Papillary ki te protrusions myocardial motuhake (trabecula kikokiko) e kua whakaritea e runga i te roto o te kōhao ventricular. E ngā āta whakawhanakehia taua trabeculae i te rohe o te pakitara wehewehe interventricular me te tihi o te ngakau, engari ko te tokomaha o ratou i roto i te ana roro maui ko te iti rawa i te tika.

Ko te roa, me te maha o ngā tangiata o te takitahi ana roro maui. Ki te tau, o ratou roa āta faarahi, te pā inversely ki te roa o te uaua papillary. More maha atu i kore te rauoro e haere i tetahi uaua piri ki tetahi rau. I tua atu, i te kitea tangiata e hono nga uaua papillary ki te trabeculae.

I roto i te wahi o te putanga o te haoraora ko te piha semilunar, i roto i nei e kore e te toto hoki i te haoraora ki te ngakau haere mai.

Karere hihiko i runga i myocardium ventricular maui tomo i roto i kurupae hi (tona waewae maui). Me kï reira e whakahaua anake te ngātere ana roro maui te roto i te manga e rua - he mua, me te muri.

Rawa o te mānawanawa maui, me ona mahi

Pātahi ana ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te ngakau, ko raro te roro maui, i muri me ki te maui. huaina te mata waho o tona ake porotaka, me te he mata pūkahukahu. I roto i te ora o te rōrahi o te piki ruma i 5.5 cm ³ (mō kohungahunga) ki runga ki te 210 cm ³ (waru ki te rua tekau-rima tau).

I roto i rite ki te tika, te roro maui he porotītaha atu korerotia me te āhua tapawhā, nui uaua, me te paku roa atu i te reira.

tāutuhia e te hanganga ventricular mahue he maha o ngā tari:

• Front (infundibulum) paraparau ki te haoraora roto i te whakatuwheratanga matua.
• Rear (kōhao mau ventricular) e fetu'utaki ki te auricle tika.

Ka rite ki whakahuatia i runga ake, e tika ana ki atu te whakawhanakehia te myocardium o matotoru pakitara ventricular maui ko tahi ki te wha mitamano.

mahi ventricular Mauī he tuku o te toto ki te haoraora (i roto i te tohanga nahanaha ranei), me te ka i roto i te kupenga o pera iti me tōiti puta okana kai me te kopa o te rauropi katoa.

whaiaroaro

I raro i ngā āhuatanga noa, whakahaeretia synchronously nga ventricles maui, me te tika. Ratou mahi e wahi i roto i te rua ngā wāhanga: systole me diastole (aua, te hukihuki, me te whakangā). Systole, i roto i te tahuri, kua wehea ki ngā wā e rua:

1. Ngaohiko: ngā hukihuki tukutahingakore me inerite;
2. Pana: Kei pana nohopuku, me te pōturi.

āhuatanga ngaohiko tukutahingakore hukihuki pāhiwihiwi o weu uaua o te myocardium, rite ki te hua o te tohatoha pāhiwihiwi o te excitation. katia takirere Atrioventricular te i tenei wa. I muri i excitation hipokina muka myocardial katoa, me te pēhanga i roto i te piki ventricles, kati te piha, a ka katia te kōhao te.

I muri mahi i runga i te taiepa ventricular o te piki pēhanga toto ki waru tekau mm HG. v., me te rerekētanga ki te pēhanga i roto i te haoraora ko 2 mm HG. Art., Oroko piha semilunar, rere toto ki te haoraora. A, no te he o nāianei kōaro i te paki toto te pūtahi o semilunar takirere Slam.

Muri te whakakahore te myocardium ventricular me roto i te piha mitral i te toto e Atrial tomo te ana roro. Na tuarua te tukanga.

Mahue pōrearea ventricular

Te wehe pōrearea systolic me diastolic o nga ruma ngakau.

A, no te pōrearea ventricular systolic, heke kaha ki te pana toto i te kōhao ki te haoraora, i te mea te take tino noa o te kore ngakau.

te tikanga puta taua pōrearea tika ki hukihuki o pā, e hua i roto i te hekenga i roto i te rōrahi patu.

Mahue pōrearea diastolic ventricular - he hekenga i roto i tona kaha ki te whakakiia ki te toto, he kōhao (arā whakarite whakakī diastolic). Ka taea e tēnei huru arahi ki takawhita Tuarua (e rua venous me matua), haere tahi nei i dyspnoea, mare, me te paroxysmal dyspnea pō.

hē ngakau

He congenital me riro. Ko te hua o raruraru i roto i te wā embryonic te whakamutunga. ngā te kāwai vaolo hangahapa congenital, anō i roto i te ana roro maui ki rānei te roa rauoro kotiti pātaki ngatata i waenganui i nga ventricles, transposition (wāhi rerekē) o oko nui.

Ki te reira te mea he tamaiti o te Atrial koha ranei taiepa ventricular, venous me te matua toto te konatunatua. E kiri he kikorangi, i te tīmatanga ko anake te tohu tamariki ki taua hauātanga mā te whakakotahi ratou ki te transposition o nga oko.

Ki te he reira rite he koha taratahi transposition, arata'i te hypoxia ki whakaeke mate tonu. I roto i ētahi wā (ka kitea te reira koha i mua i te fanauraa) he taea ki te whakahaere i te mahi.

Ko te whakahaere maimoatanga hāparapara tika, me te mo te tahi atu hē ventricular maui (hei tauira, hē o te piha te pūtahi o te piha mitral ranei).

Mahue hypertrophy ventricular

Te āhuatanga taiepa hiri ventricular.

Ko te take o tenei huru e taea e:

• whakangungu wā roa-tamau (hākinakina ngaio).
• hohekore tinana.
• kai paipa Tupeka.
• Waipiro.
• mate Farben.
• Duchenne.
• Stress.
• Piringa māuiuitanga iaia.
• Mōmonatanga.
• Atherosclerosis.
• mellitus Diabetes.
• Ischemia.
• Takawhita.

I te tīmatanga, he asymptomatic te mate, me te ahunga whakamua o te tukanga whakatika teka angina, kaihapai, whanoke, rohirohi. Na ka hono kore ngakau āhuatanga e dyspnea (tae atu te hunga i roto i te toenga).

kore ventricular maui

E mea pinepine puta te reira i roto i te papamuri:

• hē te pūtahi o.
• Glomerulonephritis.
• Takawhita.
• infarction myocardial.
• aortitis Syphilitic.
• manawa atherosclerotic.

āhuatanga tēnei māuiuitanga e cyanosis ahu whakamua, hāhā o te manawa, ngoikore, te mamae i roto i te ngakau, i roto i te ofatiraa o te tahi atu tinana, me te pera i runga i.

Tātaritanga o abnormalities ventricular mahue

• Ultrasound (faaotiraa o malformations congenital);
• ECG;
• MRI;
• CT;
• pouaka X-ray;
• PCG;
• echocardiography.

Me pēhea te ki te hamani i te roro i mahue o te ngakau

Ka rite ki whakahuatia i runga ake, maha rapu hē ngakau maimoatanga hāparapara.

Ka taea te tukinotia hypertrophy o te mānawanawa maui o te ngakau ki te huinga o blockers peta me "Verapamil". te whakaiti i tēnei aratuka te mau faaiteraa haumanu o mate. Hoki taero dieting me te pato'iraa o mau peu kino, whakaiti taimaha me te whakaiti o te horomanga tote tūtohutia.

kia te kai kia taonga whakahaurangi waiu, me te miraka hua, hua, kaimoana me ngā huawhenua. I tua atu, ko te here, ko ki te whakaiti i te nui o te ngako, sweets me kai starchy. mahi āhua tūtohutia reira.

Haunga tono maimoatanga momo me te maimoatanga hāparapara te, e hāngai ana ki te tango i wahi myocardium hypertrophied. Me mahara te reira e whakawhanake tenei māuiuitanga i roto i te tau torutoru.

No te haere mai te reira ki te mahue kore ventricular, i roto i tenei take, te whakamahi i te motuhake "ngakau" taero "Korglikon", "corazole", "Strofantin", "hena", "Kordiamin", me te hāora inhalation me moenga okiokinga.