Kaimātai hinengaro American me sociologist Meyo Elton: biography, whai ki te pūtaiao. whakamātau Hawthorne

ariā Modern whakahaere ke i runga i ngā whakaaro pūtaiao o tetahi o nga kura matua - te hinengaro, e tango ana ki te pūkete te tūranga o te whanaungatanga pāhekoheko me ngā tauira o te whanonga. whai nui ki te whanaketanga o te kura o Whakahaere, whakaurua Elton Mayo. Tangata kura whanaunga tohua te timatanga o te rangahau hou i roto i te mara o te pāpori o te whakahaere, hinengaro whakahaere me te hinengaro whakahaere.

Elton Mayo: A Biography (1880 - 1949)

whanau Meyo Elton i roto i Ahitereiria (Adelaide) i roto i te 1880 i roto i te utuafare o te mau-whenua. Whakamahere tikanga ki te whiwhi wha tau ako rongoā i roto i te rerekē whare mātauranga tona koroua, nei ko te taote rongonui, Mayo Elton: Adelaide University, University Edinburgh, te kura London o Medicine. Maere e te momo, ia i roto i 1911 puta i University ki te tohu i roto i "Psychology."

faaoti Meyo Elton ki horo'a ia ki te pūtaiao me te kua whakaako i te University o Queensland (Brisbane), aru e te University o Pennsylvania (Philadelphia), me mai 1926 - Harvard School Pakihi (USA). Hoki e rima nga tau, Meyo Elton, he kaiwhakahaere orometua me kaupapa, mahi i roto i te rangahau ahumahi, utua e te Rockefeller Foundation. I muri i tūranga, oho ia ki Ingarangi, i reira ka mate Meyo Elton i 1949.

ngā Hawthorne Mayo

Ngā rongonui i roto i te hapori pūtaiao i ngā o Elton Mayo, i puritia nei i roto i Hawthorne i tetahi o nga kamupene ārahi - "Electric Western" i roto i te 1927-1932 tau. whakaritea te tukanga whakaputa i te hinonga i roto i te tirohanga o ngā ariā whakahaere pūtaiao o Taylor ko Ford.

i paternalistic tauira whakahaere HR. I nga kaimahi wa taua i te penihana kī, inihua hauora me te hauātanga. arotahi te reira i kore anake i runga i te hanga o te hanganga ahumahi, me te te hanga o mara hākinakina, ngā kura, ngā toa, karapu, me ētahi atu Ko te maha o ngā kaimahi - 30 mano tangata o Iwi rerekē.

ngā wāhanga o te ako

Ko te ako tuatahi i roto i te whakamātautau (1924-1927 gg.) I hāngai ana ako i te pānga o te marama ambient i runga i hua. E kore te whakapae e pā ana ki te pānga pai o te māramatanga i whakapumautia. ka whakatata nga kairangahau whakarongo ki te meka e te huri mahi hua i raro i te mana o ngā āhuatanga kino.

(. 1927-1932) i te ingoa "ngā Hawthorne" i roto i nei i whai wāhi te maha o ngā rōpū te wāhanga tuarua o te ako: te kapa kohikohi ropu tinei tānga i runga i kaimahi exfoliated Mika, typists ropu me te Pirikeeti o nga tangata, ko wai e whakarite e nga rārangi waea, pōkai awhiowhio te, me ētahi atu . ko e tika ana ki te ōrite o ngā āhuatanga mahi te kōwhiringa o te rōpū - mahi auau, i hiahiatia pū tiketike.

Ko te ngako o nga ngā Hawthorne

I roto i te whakamātautau o te kapa whai wāhi kohikohi tānga i te tīmatanga whanganga e ratou te taumata takitahi o te hua. I roto i te tukanga o te rōpū kaimahi rangahau whakarato i te whānuitanga o ngā āhuatanga atu, ke tikanga mahi, me ētahi atu i roto i te tikanga ki te whiwhi raraunga e pā ana ki te āhuatanga e pā mahinga. Hei tauira, i whakamahia te tikanga o te whakatairanga i te rōpū ki te whakauru i whati atu mo te okiokinga, te wā heke mahi wiki, me te rā, kaha aroturuki te hauora o ngā kaimahi, i hoatu atu te aro ki nga kaiuru o te whakamātau whakahaere te kamupene o.

whai wāhi ēnei moni ki te pānga o te whakapai ake i te mana o kaimahi, te haapa'oraa i te huru hoa i roto i te kapa. Neke atu i te wa, i te kapa, he pakanga i waenganui i nga kaimahi wahine e rua, me te matenga o te whakamātau, ka anga hua ki te hinga. I muri i te pananga o enei kaimahi, me te tango ratou ki to ratou wahi o te kaha production hou kua nui haere e tata 30%.

Ngā o te whakamātau fokotu'u e nga taritari hou, vēkeveke ki te whakaatu i to ratou utu, me te pai-whakapumautia, āta tukinotia ki ratou mau ohipa ngaio, me kaimahi pakeke, mo te wehi o te pananga, kua riro hoki atu hua.

Ko te kaiwhawhaki ropu tuarua, te rōpū mana, utua hoki utu mo te mahi rōpū, me kahore e te tahi atu tikanga atu hanga hoki ratou.

Brigade Work, i i mahi i roto i te delamination o Mika, kua utua rite ki te takitahi pūnaha utu wahi-tere. riro rōpū typists utu wiki e hāngai ana i runga i nga hua o te mahi whakamana takitahi.

Ko te tūranga o te mahi whakamātautau i roto i Mayo

riro Meyo Elton pūrongo e pā ana ki te whakahaere o te raupapa o rangahau i roto i te anga o te whakamātau, whakaahuatia a tikanga nga hua, tohutohu te kamupene nga kairangahau, te iwi whānui mohio ki nga hua o nga ngā Hawthorne. Ko te kamupene "Western Electric" utua mahi o Mayo i te nui o $ 2,500 ia tau (1929-1933.). I te mutunga o nga ngā, i te tau 1933, whakaputaina ana e ia he pukapuka Mayo "raruraru tangata o te ao ahumahi," i whakakitea nga hua e kore anake o rangahau, me te uhi take o te pūmautanga pāpori o te hapori ahumahi.

Tikanga o nga hua o Elton Mayo

Tātari i te hua o te ngā Hawthorne, hāngai ana Meyo Elton i te hinengaro o te mahi, te tāutanga ā o te kaimahi, tona utu ki te mahi i te mahi, me te te huru hinengaro i roto i te kāhua kapa me te ārahitanga.

Kua tuhia feia faahapa e utua e kore e nui te aro te Mayo poapoa rauemi mahi. Whakaaro e pā ana ki te pūmautanga pāpori, tuhipoka Mayo e rite ki te hua o te noho tāone me te ahumahi o te hapori kei te faaruru i te raruraru ahurea (anomie).

ariā Mayo

I roto i te whānui, i te ako o whanaunga pāhekoheko i roto i te wāhi mahi me ngā hiahia takitahi kaimahi ', whakatakotoria te turanga mo te tauira hou i roto i te ariā whakahaere, ka e pā ana ki te ingoa o Elton Mayo.

ka Hua o te ako te pūtake mo te substantiation pūtaiao o te ariā o te whakapai ake hua rite ki te hua o huringa i roto i ngā fafa. I roto i te rerekē ki te tahi atu ariā e kua whakaaro hononga taketake o te hua, me te utu, fokotu'u Meyo Elton e pānga te kounga o te mahi utu kaimahi ki o ratou tūranga i roto i te kapa, te whanaungatanga ki te kaiwhakahaere me hoa.

Ko te kupu, te whakapai ake ahurea whakahaere, he matua ki te mana whai hua ake ao pāhekoheko, rite tuhia Elton Mayo. whakamatauria ngā Hawthorne te matua o te mana tangata i runga i te tauira whakaongaonga rauemi o te whakahaere.

Kontsentsiya whanonga pāpori

I roto i te rerekē ki te tangata ōhanga (Taylor) ariā, kua hoatu te ariā o te whanonga pāpori tangata mua Elton Mayo. whāinga Whakahaere ki te whakapiki ake i hua i roto i te kapa. Te kohinga mahi, rite tetahi atu pūnaha pāpori, taonga nesummativnosti rerekē, arā, āhuatanga irreducibility o te pūnaha ki te moni o nga āhuatanga o ona āhuatanga. Ko te mema o o te tokotoko, i ia o nei ko te tangata ki o ratou ngākau nuitanga, me, whāinga, he puka tonu he pūnaha pāpori ahurei.

tikanga whakahaere e hāngai ana i te pūnaha ki te mahi tōtika. Ka kia whakaritea ia rōpū. Ko te tikanga e korero ana, he pūnaha mana e hāngai ana i runga i Mana, kia poto-ora, me te whai hua anake i raro i etahi tikanga. Ka taea e anake ngā mahi te tangata kia angitu ki te, kia āhei tutuki reira ona ngākau nuitanga.