Kaipuke rārangi. Battleships o te Russian Imperial Navy

Tama'i - he manuao rere i te rakau ki te displacement o runga ki te 6 mano taranata .. i ratou 135 pu i runga i nga taha, whakaritea e rave rahi rarangi i roto i, me te ake ki 800 ngā mema kaumoana. Kua ēnei oko whakamahia i roto i te whawhai i te moana ki te whakamahi o pera-ka karanga tātai whawhai rārangi i roto i 17-19 senituli.

Ko te ahua o tama'ii

Kei te pai te te ingoa "kaipuke rārangi" mohiotia mai te wa o kaipuke e rere. I roto i te pakanga moana mnogopalubniki kapi ake i roto i te kotahi raina ki te hoatu i te salvo o pū i runga i te hoariri. Ko te reira i te ahi tukutahi i pū i runga i-papa katoa whakapangia nui kino ki te hoariri. I maoro, ka mohiotia tenei rauhanga rite te rārangi whawhai. Ko te hanga o kaipuke i roto i te rārangi i roto i whawhai moana i tuatahi whakamahia e Ingarihi me Munuwao Spanish i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 17.

Tupuna o tama'ii he galleons ki patu taimaha, Carrack. puta te whakahua tuatahi o ratou i roto i Europa i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 17. Enei tauira tama'ii i nui mama me poto galleons. tukua enei huru maitatai ki a ratou te parepare hohoro, e ko te ki whakaraina ake taha te hoariri. Ko reira tika ki te hanga i te ara taua e i tika whakahaua te ihu o te kaipuke i muri ki te whangai i te tetahi o mua. He aha e kore i wehi ki te hoatu i te kaipuke poari i raro i whakaeke hoariri? No te mea ko nga taha he rakau multilayer tiaki pono i te whatu kaipuke hoariri.

Ko te tukanga o te hoko tama'ii

I maoro puta mnogopalubny tama'i rere, i te mea neke atu i te 250 tau, kua riro te nui tikanga o whawhai i te moana. e kore e Fakalakalaka tu tonu, te whakawhetai ki nga tikanga hou o te tātaitanga o ngā whare hei kua taea ki te tapahia tauranga pū i roto i te tahi mau porowhita i te timatanga rawa o te hanganga. Ko te kupu, ko reira taea ki te tātai i te kaha o te kaipuke i mua i te whakarewa i te reira. I roto i te rau tau waenganui-17, i reira ko he mārama wehewehe i waenganui i nga akomanga:

1. Ko te tawhito Decker-rua. kaipuke reira e kei tetahi ki runga ake i te tahi atu nei papanga ruma. E hanga ana ratou ki te 50 pu, pupuhi i te hoariri i roto i te matapihi i roto i te taha o te kaipuke. kihai i kaha nui ki te pupuri i te raina o te whawhai enei mahi, a ka te nuinga whakamahia rite te hoia tira.
2. kaipuke Double-rahoraho rārangi ki te maha o nga pu 64 ki te 90 tohu te wahi matua o te kaipuke.
3. Toru- ranei wha-kaipuke ki 98-144 pū whawhai, te whakatangihanga a te tūranga o toa. Tāruru kei roto 10-25 taua kaipuke taea te whakahaere rārangi hokohoko i roto i te hui o te mahi hōia ki te aukati ia ratou mo te hoariri.

Rerekētanga i te tahi atu tama'ii

taputapu Sailing i frigates me tama'ii o te taua - toru-rewa. I runga i ia tapae tika rā tapawha. Otiia te manuao, me te aho kaipuke i te tahi mau rerekētanga. He kotahi anake te pūhiko kati, he rārangi waka maha te mua. I tua atu, he nui atu rite pā ano hoki tenei ki te tiketike o te heitiki hoki te maha o pu i roto i te whakamutunga. Ko atu maneuverable frigates a taea te mahi noa i roto i te wai pāpaku.

Mai i rā kaipuke galleon he rerekē raina tika. I tua atu, i te muri e kore pourewa tapawhā i runga i te kei, ka i te paepae kopere. Tama'i galleon me pai i roto i te tere, me te huri mai, hoki i roto i te pakanga pū. Ko atu hāngai hoki te tau whawhai te whakamutunga. I tua atu, kei te maha whakamahia ratou ki te kawe hōia me kai.

Ko te ahua o tama'ii roto i Russia

I mua i te kingitanga o Pita kihai i whai ahau taua hanganga i roto i Russia. tuku te raina kaipuke Russian tuatahi ki rite "HaereKi e tomu'a". Na roto i te pia ma o te rau tau 18 i roto i te Russian Imperial Navy i ki te whai 36 taua oko. I roto i te timatanga ko reira he oti kape tauira Western, engari na te mutunga o te kingitanga o Pita ahau, ka anga rārangi kaipuke Russian ki te whai i ona ake āhuatanga motuhake. i nui poto ratou, i iti iho te na'ina'iraa, e pēhia pā te seaworthiness. E tino pai te tano enei kaipuke ki nga tikanga o te moana o Azov, a ka te Moana Baltic. Tika wāhi i roto i te hoahoa me te hanganga o te emepera ka mau ia. Ko tōna ingoa - kakahu te Russian Imperial Navy he kaipuke ki Russia Oketopa 22, 1721 i runga i April 16, 1917. rangatira Naval taea mahi anake iwi i nga rangatira, me kaipuke i roto i kaipuke - taritari i te iwi noa. Ko oraraa taatoa te ora ratonga o te Navy mo ratou.

Tama'i "Ma Piti Aposetolo"

whakaturia "12 Aposetolo" i i roto i 1838, ka rere i roto i 1841 i roto i te pa o Mykolayiv. Ko te he kaipuke ki 120 pu repo i runga i te poari. I roto i te katoa i reira i 3 oko kaipuke Russian o tenei momo. I whakanuia ēnei kaipuke mo tona huatau me te ataahua o te puka e kore anake, a ratou kahore e rite i roto i te whawhai i roto i te sailboats. Tama'i "12 Aposetolo" Ko te wahi tuatahi o te Russian Imperial Navy, i i te rākau o te riri paixhans pū hou.

i penei e i taea ki te whai wāhi i roto i tetahi pakanga o te Black Moana tāruru ia whakarau o te kaipuke. noho tonu tona tinana, me te kore ano riro tetahi rua. Otiia ka tenei kaipuke i te pokapū tauira whakangungu, whakarite reira te korero o taumaihi Russian me pa taiepa i roto i te Caucasus Te Hau-ā-uru. I tua atu, mahi te kaipuke e i roto i te transportation o ropu, a haere whenua ki te rerenga roa mō te 3-4 marama. Muri, i waipuke te oko.

Ngā take mō te tama'ii ngaro ratou hiranga

Ko te tūranga o te kaipuke rakau o te raina rite te kaha matua o te moana ngaueue hoki o te whanaketanga o te pū. pū poma taumaha ngāwari ngoto poma poari rakau puru ki te puehu wewete, reira hei he nui ki te waka, me te meinga ahi. Ki te aroaro o te kore i te pū i tohu he riri nui ki ngā hiwi kaipuke ', nga pu poma taea tīmata i te raro o te tama'ii Russian anake te torutoru täia tatini. Mai taua wa, i reira ko he pātai e pā ana ki te tiaki o ngā hanganga i hanga o te whawhai whakarewa.

I roto i te 1848, he mea whakaaro ia te hurirere takahuri me engines korohū ngā kaha, āta timata sailboats kia rakau ki te waiho i te atamira. refitted ētahi kaipuke i a rite rawa ki te waeine korohū. Hoki, tukua e rave rahi kaipuke nui ki ngā rā i, ka karanga ratou peu rārangi.

Battleships o te Russian Imperial Navy

I roto i te 1907, he piha hou o kaipuke i Russia e huaina ratou rārangi, ranei i roto i te puka haapotohia - tama'ii. Tenei pū Armoured manuao. Ratou displacement Ko 20 ki te 65 mano. Tana. Ki te whakarite tatou i nga kaipuke rārangi rau tau 18 me te tama'ii, whai i te muri te roa o i 150 ki te 250 m. I ringa i ërä patu i 280 ki te 460 mm. Ko te waka o te tama'i - i 1500 ki te 2800 te iwi. whakamahia ratou i te kaipuke ki te whakangaro i te hoariri i roto i te hanganga o ope hōia me te tautoko pū mō ngā mahi whenua. i hoatu tona ingoa ki te kaipuke e kore anake i roto i te mahara o te rārangi kaipuke, pera hoki te take i ia ratou ki whakahauora i te raina o tātai whawhai.