Kaikauhau pakiwaitara anaana Ivan Tolstoy

Tatou katoa - te kaipānui. Ia o tatou kua i te iti rawa kia kotahi te pukapuka, engari lau. Na e te pai. No te mea te tuhituhi auaha kua kotahi te kounga mīharo - ehara i te mea he kohinga tika o ngā mōhiohio, me ngā raraunga e pā ana ki te mooni hītori ranei e pā ana ki te whanaungatanga tangata, ko reira te tahi mea atu. I roto i te pānui, te ite nei tatou ia tatou iho i roto i taua wa, i matau ai tatou me whakatikaia ai te tini mea, kia mahara te hononga i waenganui i te iwi.

pānga mahi toi to tatou whaiaro roto, to tatou wairua. A me pehea maha e matau tatou te mea i tuhituhia? Hoki te aha whakaaro? He aha te tikanga o te whakaahua i enei ngā? Ko reira he iwi e whakaara enei koi, ngā pātai maha fakamamahi: He mea tika ki te aromatawai auahatanga, ahakoa wareware deservedly tangohia ake tenei ranei e ahua ahurea ranei. Whakautu ki a tatou i runga i ngā pātai katoa te āwhina hītori o tuhinga, pēnei i Tolstoy, Ivan Nikitich.

Ivan Nikitich me tona hapu

January 21, 1958 i roto i Leningrad, i whanau Tolositoi Ivan Nikitich. Ko te whānau i roto i te mea i whanau ai ia, kua mohiotia ki te katoa. Ivan Nikitich - mokopuna o pāpā te kaituhi A. rongonui N. Tolstogo o. taha o tona whaea, Lozinskoy Natali Mihaylovny, - te mokopuna o te rohi pehe Lozinskogo M. L. Matua - ahupūngao Soviet, he hoki teina Ahorangi Tolstoy N. A. o Michael i te ahupūngao, tuahine Natalia me Tatiana - kaituhi.

I te tau 1975 puta ia i te kura nui, a whakauru i roto i te haapiiraa taote. ako ahau ki reira mo e toru nga tau, i roto i nei i rua peia ia i reira. Ta Ivan Nikitich, ka peia te wā tuatahi, me te anō-whakapumautia, ka mohio ia ko ano reira e tika ana, pera kihai ia i hiahia ki te ako ki reira. Tirohia te E pāngia "koroua" ira, kahore i reira hiahia i roto i te rongoa. Kotahi ra ka korerotia e tana wahine ki a ia e ki te rite ia koutou philology, he mea e tika ana ki te waiho i te philologist. Na ka tomo ia ki te manga Philological o University Leningrad.

Manarūtanga ki te hītori o te hekenga

ako ia i roto i te absentia, no te mea mahi rite he aratohu i roto i te maunga Pushkin. Ahakoa na, ko ia oaoa ki te kaupapa o te hekenga. Na te hopoia kitenga i roto i te tari o Pushkin rāhuitia te rōrahi issuance o "Commentary i runga i te pūrākau" a Nabokov Eugene Onegin "," ki te whakapati i te mana ki te hoatu enei pukapuka ki a ia. Ko ratou i roto i te reo Ingarihi, me te i roto i hoki, i korero Ivan Nikitich Tolstoy ki iriti i te reira ki Russian mō kaimahi.

whakamaoritia Nabokov te kōrero roa, kua tae mai tika te wa ki te tiaki i te tītohu. korerotia e ia i te kaiako i hiahia ia ki te faaineine no te te kaupapa o te tītohu. Ki i mea ia e kore e kia korerotia ingoa o Nabokov i roto i te whare wānanga Soviet, he mea e tika ana ki te titiro mo tetahi atu kaupapa. tuhinga whakapae i hiki poto. I muri i tu'ite, whakaako ia reo Russian me papai i te kura nui.

Koero me te whakaputa tuatahi

tenei wa katoa, ako ia pūranga, tuhinga e wātea ana, me te tuhinga tuhituhi. tino hiahia ahau ki te kia tāngia i roto i te 21 tau, mahara Ivan Tolstoy. Otiia i mohio tona tuhinga anaanatae emigre, kihai i kahore whakaputanga maia ki te whakaputa i ona rauemi. A i roto i nga tau 25 i toe riria ki te tā. whakamarietanga ia ia ki te meka e kore ko te ake tenei. A pera tonu te meatanga. I te 1986, ka nekehia atu te kanga, me te huru ki Nabokov i roto i te whenua i te iti mahana. A i roto i te 1987, Ivan Nikitich i tuatahi whakaputaina.

I te wa ano, haapii ia i te tā, me te Humanitarian Institute. I roto i te 1994 arata'i Nabokov akoranga i runga i te whare wānanga. mahi ia rite te ētita o "Star" makasini, he kaipānuiwhakatika i roto i te buka aamu "whakaaro Russian". mätanga te reira i roto i te tuhinga, me te hītori emigre, i runga i te tuhinga o te wā o te Cold War.

mahi tuhi

I roto i te 1992, Ivan Nikitich Tolstoy - te tino ētita o te whare whakaputa Tobias Grzhebina. Kaikauwhau i te pukapuka e te kaituhi nei e takoha ana ki te noho i roto i whakaraua, me te mahi i oti rawa ki manene, me o ratou ora ki waho. ia "wheako" ētita i roto i te tino mai 1994. I whakaputaina atu i te 500 o ana arotake pukapuka, tuhinga, me te arotake. Kaituhi o "era Itari", "laundered Zhivago Roma."

mahi Everyday o kairīpoata

Mai 1988, Ivan Tolstoy, he kairīpoata (Freelance) ki "Radio Liberty". I te mutunga o 1994, karangatia te kamupene ia ki te āhua. Mai 1995 ora ia, a mahi i roto i Prague. I roto i te kupu Ivana Nikiticha, mahi reira nui. Tangata e kore e tangohia tetahi, e kore e takoha ki te taupoki ana etahi kaupapa, me te e kore e whakapūtā aha ki te mahi i whakawhiti. Kaupapa whiriwhiri ia. I roto i to ratou mau faaueraa ora tonu, e ai ta Ivan Tolstoy, taea e iho te kaupapa hōtaka ngā, me te whakaongaonga e pā ana ki te whānau rongonui o tatau mo Tolositoi nei haurongo.

Ivan Nikitich kore noa ki te ariki o ngā kōrero nui korero - he ora, pohewa, kanapa. Otiia ki te ariki nui kitea ratou. mahi ia ki pūranga, i roto i ana kupu, he mea tino whakaongaonga, i nga wa E haape'ape'a mea ohorere e whakamārama he rota o te ora o te hekenga. Ki te matau koutou, ka whakaaro te horopaki e runga i te papamuri o mua, te pikitia Koinei ngā. Ko tenei rite te mea kia whai wāhi kōrero. Ivan Tolstoy ako i te rauemi o te inanahi, e arata'i ki tenei ra.

Haere Ivan Tolstoy

Ivan Nikitich kahore ake whakaaroa. hāngai ana kōrero katoa e anake i runga i meka. Just nga meka nui ki whakairo ngā ki te katoa mārama - i roto i te hītori. Whakatauritea ēnei meka. A, no te whakatairite huri i te reira i roto i te kōrero ngā. Ko te raruraru anake ko, e ai ta Ivan Tolstoy, ki te mahi i ngā kōrero hītori na ātahu e reira e kore anake i taea whakarongo. Otiia i taea e ki te matau te aha i tupu ai te katoa, he aha te mea te hononga i waenganui i te hui ngā.

kairangahau ahurei, ko ia te maere kōrero ngā mo ratou kaipānui me e faaroo ra. Ivan Nikitich - ārahi hōtaka, tae atu "Ngā pakiwaitara me ingoa." huringa kaituhi o "pāhotanga Radio Liberty. Hawhe te rau tau i runga i te rangi. " Kaituhi me te ope o "Te haere hītori Ivana Tolstogo" me "Keepers o te tupu" i runga i te hongere "Culture".

whakatuwhera ona hōtaka kōrero ohorere e pā ana ki te iwi, hua me ngā. Tohunga o te ahurea Russian, he kaikauhau pakiwaitara ngingila me te tangata erudite mīharo. Ia mesmerizing noa ana mau tere - i roto i te tuhinga, i roto i te wa.