Ka rite ki e huaina kaiwhakakökï koiora? Ko te whākōkī rite kaiwhakakökï koiora

huaina te tinana tangata ko te wheketere matüora rawa i roto i noa. I muri i te katoa, nga meneti o reira tupu mano, rau o nga mano o te piti hāora, wāhinga, whakaora, me te tahi atu tauhohe. E āhei ki a ratou puta ki te taua tere nui, whakarato i ia pūtau ki te pūngao, kai me te hāora?

Ko te ariā o te kaiwhakakökï

Rua matū pararopi, me te organic e whakamahia whānuitia taonga motuhake e taea o tere tauhohe matū i roto i nga mano, a te tahi mau taime milioni o te mau tau. Ko te ingoa o enei pūhui - "kaiwhakakökï". I roto i te matū pararopi ko waikura konganuku, konukawata, hiriwa, te konukōreko me etahi atu.

Ratou mahi matua - te hanganga o complexes rangitahi ki te tauhohe o te kaiuru, i tukupu te pūngao whakahohenga o te tukanga kawea i roto i rave rahi taime tere. I muri iho, decomposes te matatini me te taea te whakapae te whānuitanga i te whakakōkī i roto i te taua hanganga kounga, me te ine rite te aroaro o te tīmatanga o te tukanga.

E rua ngā kōwhiringa mō te tauhohe catalytic:

• ōrite - ko te whakatere me te whai wāhi i roto i te āhua taua o te whakawhāititanga;
• heterogeneous - whakatere, me te whai wāhi i roto i te āhua rerekē, i reira ko te atanga.

I tua atu, i reira e ātete ngā pānga o te pūhui - inhibitors. E hāngai ana ratou i tērā iho nga tauhohe e tika ana. Hei tauira, ka taea e whakaiti ratou te nui o te wā i runga i te hanganga o te waikura.

E ere rerekē i te pararopi kaiwhakakökï koiora, me te āhuatanga o ratou tauwhāiti atu. Na reira, i roto i ngā pūnaha ora catalysis tetahi.

Whākōkī - he aha te mea te reira?

Kei te whakamatauria te reira e te mea kahore e te pānga o ngā matū motuhake e whakatere etahi tukanga kawea atu i roto i ngā pūnaha ora, he reira te tikanga e he aporo i roto i te kopu kia digested hoki e pā ana ki e rua nga ra. Hoki taua nui o te wā i e timata te tukanga o te pirau, me te pirau haurangi kai. Heoi, e kore e tenei tupu, me te hua kei te tino tukatuka kē me haora i te hawhe. Mahi He kaiwhakakökï koiora, e te hunga nui reira i roto i te hanganga o ia rauropi. Ko te aha e ratou a he aha te mahi taua hāngai te?

kaiwhakakökï koiora o te āhua pūmua - he whākōkī. Ratou pūtake - te whakahaere hanganga matatini, matou he maha o ngā āhuatanga motuhake. Mämä noa iho, tenei pūmua ahurei ahei o tukupu te pūngao faaitoitoraa o ngā tukanga i roto i ngā kaiao ora me te whakatinana ratou i te tere rawa te uara mua o te torutoru miriona nga wa.

He maha tauira o taua rāpoi ngota:

• catalase;
• amylase;
• oxidoreductases;
• kūhuka oxidase;
• lipase;
• invertase;
• lysozyme;
• protease me ētahi atu.

Ko te kupu, e nehenehe tatou e faaoti e te whākōkī - kaiwhakakökï koiora o te āhua pūmua, e mahi accelerators rite kaha, taea mano o ngā tukanga i roto i ngā kaiao ora ki te tere tiketike rawa. hāngai ana ratou mahi i runga i te nakunaku, piti hāora, whakaiti.

Ritenga i me kaiwhakakökï pararopi pūmua

Ko te whākōkī rite kaiwhakakökï koiora i te tahi mau āhuatanga rite ki te inorganic. Ki te hunga ngā te whai ake:

1. Thermodynamically taea whakatere anake te tauhohenga.
2. e kore e pā te reira i te nekehanga o te taurite matū i roto i ngā pūnaha taurite me te tere taua e rua i mua, me te whakataka.
3. Ka rite ki te hua, i roto i te tauhohe e anake nga hua, e kore ko te whakakōkī roto ia ratou.

Heoi, motu ke i te ōrite, i reira e miramira ana o nga whākōkī hoki.

Rerekētanga i runga i te āhua kei

kaiwhakakökï koiora i maha ngā āhuatanga motuhake:

1. Ko te tohu nui o te selectivity. taea ki te whakahohe anake te tauhohenga motuhake rōpū rite ranei I.e. kotahi pūmua he. Nuinga o ngā wā mahi kaupapa "paru - tïpako ko te tukanga."
2. Ko te tohu tino nui o te mahi, no te mea te tahi mau momo o pūmua e taea ki te whakatere i te milioni tauhohenga o ngā wā.
3. He tino ti'aturi i runga i ngā āhuatanga taiao whākōkī. He kaha anake i roto i te tetahi whānuitanga pāmahana. Kei te hoki kaha te awe te reira i te taha o te pH. He he he ānau e whakaatu ana i te uara mōkito, Riterite mōrahi me te tino arotau mō ia whākōkī.
4. He pūhui motuhake i huaina effectors, e e taea ki te tautāwhi i te āhua koiora o te whakakōkī ranei, hei kōrero, he mana pai ki runga ki a ratou.
5. Ko te tïpako i runga i mahi i te pūmua whākōkī, kia kia tino motuhake. He he he ariā, i huaina nei ko te kī, me te raka. whakaahua ana ia te huarahi paru o te mahi i runga i te tïpako. Te whakakōkī, rite te kī, kei te noho pūmau ana i roto i te tïpako ki tona pae kaha, ka tīmataria te tauhohenga te.
6. I muri i te tukanga e wāhanga rawa ranei te pūmua whākōkī ngaro.

Ko te kupu, ko reira kitea ai te uara ko kaiwhakakökï pūmua tino nui mō te kaiao ora. Heoi, he kaupapa ki etahi ture, me te taiao herea ratou mahi.

Ko te ako o te catalysis i te kura

Hei wāhanga o te marautanga ako rite kaiwhakakökï i roto i te matū me te koiora. haapiiraa Matū e ako ratou i roto i ngā o ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana mō ngā whāiti ahumahi, ki te riro i te whānui o ngā hua momo. whakaaro kaiwhakakökï koiora i roto i te piha haapiiraa te koiora. Grade 9 Ko tā te ako o rāpoi koiora me te matūora taketake. Na reira, ko te reira i tenei taumata o te mātauranga , whiwhi ngā ākonga mōhiotanga taketake o te āhua o whākōkī o te taonga kaha i roto i te tinana o mea ora.

I mau haapiiraa whakahaere ngā whakau i te mahi matū o enei matū i motuhake pāmahana me te pH awhe:

• ako o te pānga o te hauwai waikuratei rite te whakakōkī mō kāreti faufau, me te kohuatia;
• pānga i runga i te kai (wera tukinotia me raw), rīwai me ētahi atu hua.

Ko te whākōkī i roto i te tinana tangata

Ia ākonga, e piri, ka hanga e makona mohio rārangi toharite hanganga hono pehea huaina kaiwhakakökï koiora. Whākōkī i roto i te tinana, he whāiti tino motuhake. Na reira ko te reira taea ki te ingoa i te kaihoko catalyzing mo ia tukanga.

Na, e taea te wehea nga whākōkī katoa o te tinana ki te maha ngā rōpū:

• oxidoreductase, hei tauira, catalase waipiro dehydrogenase ranei;
• transferase - Kenaha;
• hydrolases nui hoki te nakunaku: pepsin, amylase, lipoprotein lipase, esterase me te rite;
• ligase, hei tauira, he polymerase DNA;
• isomerase;
• lyase.

Mai katoa o enei pūhui he pūmua i roto i te natura, me te he matatini o huaora i te hanganga, kei te mahi wehe denaturing te kirika te hanganga, me reira, te whakamutunga o tauhohe matüora katoa. I roto i tenei take, te tinana tata ki te mate. Na reira, e hiahiatia ana te pāmahana tinana tiketike te ki te kawe ki raro, i roto i te mate.

Whakamahi o te kaiwhakakökï pūmua i roto i te ahumahi

E mea pinepine, e whakamahia te whākōkī i roto i rerekē ahumahi :

• matū;
• pueru;
• kai.

I runga i te whata e taea kite koe cleansers me teretere ki te ihirangi whākōkī - ko te whākōkī e whakapai ake i te kounga o te horoi horoi tenei.

He aha e kaiwhakakökï koiora?

Pe si◊aki he uaua ratou uara. I muri i te katoa, e kore anake e ratou tukua kaiao ora ki te ora, manawa, kai, faaohipa pākia, engari ano hoki homai tatou te whai wāhi ki te whakangaro i te koraha ahumahi, riro rongoā ki te tiaki me te tiaki ratou hauora me te taiao.