Whakarite aua (ἀλληγορία) - ko te tikanga toi, e taea ana ki te whakapuaki i te whakaaro waitara i roto i te whakapakoko. puta roa whakarite aua i roto i te toi kōrero i mua i tuhinga i roto i tona tikanga hou. I roto i te mau haapaoraa me ngā whakapono katoa i hanga ai ki faahoho'a nei i te ope o te natura. i ia huānga tona ahua - te atua. Na roto i aua Iliad, te Odyssey, te hautoa o Keret, a Kilikamesi, me etahi atu. Hoatu whakarite expressiveness kauhautanga me te mārama.
He aha te mea whakarite aua i roto i te tuhinga i te wā wawe, e taea te kite i roto i te Evanelia. Akonga o te Karaiti - kaihao ite ore me kaimahi e matara atu ana i whakaaro waitara. Hei kawe ki a ratou te ngako o nga mau haapiiraa, whakamahi Ihu he puka kupu whakarite, e wātea ana i roto i te ara mahinongofua: hepara, hipi, kairui.
I roto i te toi Kariki tawhito i roto i ona ahua katoa tupu nui mua a ko matua te tūturu o te iwi mātauranga. Here whakaaturanga aua o ngā mōhiohio e toi. He aha te mea whakarite aua i roto i te tuhinga o te tahito e taea te kite i wā i roto i te tauira o nga korero tito noa a Aesop. Mā te whakamahi i te rite o te tangata me te kararehe, whakarāpopoto kaituhi pakiwaitara he koha ngā pūāhua ki te kāwai katoa o te rite, me i te wa taua hanga pārekareka o te tauira, tuukino reira ki te taumata kararehe. A i te wa ano paku kopare te whakaeke whaiaro, reira te haapae tuwhera pakanga.
Middle ake. ora Europe i raro i te tukino o te whakataki fuu, ki te whakapuaki nuitia whakaaro kino. Tenei te mahi, ko te ki te kawe i te whakaaro i roto i te puka ataata, i runga i te anga ke - ki te whakaputa ke, ki te hanga wātea anake ki kōkiri. Aesop reo mō kaituhi riro te puka ka taea anake o faaiteraa o whakaaro. Whakarite o te Middle pouri, ki tonu i te wehi, he tikanga o te hepohepo, me te hepohepo o te oraraa. He aha te mea whakarite aua i roto i te tuhinga wharekarakia taea te kite i roto i te pehepehe o Dante "Atua Comedy."
tīmata koero i roto i te Renaissance, tata ki te wa hou. He mārama kitea i runga i te tauira o te rongonui tino i roto i te ahurea ao whiti aua tei tavevo - ". Faust" o Goethe I roto i o te pouri o scholasticism, na roto i te whiua wairua timata te, te mana'o o tona ake hero mii mai ki ite i te hiahia o te marama, haere noa me te oaoa mo te katoa. Ko te tino whakakitenga "Puāwaitanga Pō Uolopēkasi": I roto i tenei pene, lau te hiahia mō te te oraraa noa, me te taiao i roto i te apataki tohu tino noa - Classicism tawhito.
He aha te mea whakarite aua i roto i te tuhinga Eastern, he pai kite i runga i te tauira Chinese, me te Japanese: ki te te tuhinga Inia tawhito i runga i te wairua o ofi ange ki Ahia, me te onamata (whakaahua, me te mātakitaki), te ahurea tata i roto i te kupu whakarite whiti wahi tuatahi. Kei te riro te reira i konei poeticize katoa: ora, mediocrity - no te mea o te whakapakoko CONDENSED.
Ko te Soviet Union. I roto i te whenua te wā e te pēhanga nomenclature mārō, whakatuwhera anake ki whakakororia i te pūnaha, me te maka paru hoariri wä. Kaituhi e kore e nei taka ki te au wä, whakawhiti ki te reo o Aesop. Ko ano,, he whakarite aua. Tauira o te tuhinga - "E te Kaiwhakaako, ka Margarita" tuhi Pasternak me Platonov. Kaha whakatau aua - te maau whakamutunga "Moscow-Petushki" V.Erofeeva sinó wha tikanga raro huru tuku te mea poka aito "i roto i te korokoro i te."
Ko te wā o te postmodernism. Ano, i roto i te kororia whakarite. Tauira i te tuhinga - hua Pelevine me Sorokin. Hoki etahi wa te tautau otkachnulsya: e kore e nui ke whakaaro me tuku ngangahau.
piriti Soviet i waenganui i te taitahi me maitai mahi o nāianei, me te B. Strugackih. Science fiction ahu ki pahika te heke mai. Tuhituhia he wa roa i mua, "Hard ki te kia te Atua" me "Island nohoia" - te whakarite maramarama o Russia o tenei ra.