He aha te mea te reactors matū? Ngā momo o reactors matū

Ko te tauhohenga matū ko te tukanga e tika ana ki te faafariuraa o te matū hohe. Kei te āhuatanga i te reira e te huringa, e tukua tetahi atu ranei hua atu i te tīmata. He kanorau tauhohe matū. Tei te reira i runga i te momo o matū hohe, te taonga hua, nga tikanga, me te wa o te kōtuitanga, whāwehe, displacement, isomerization, waikawa-alkali, pitihāoratanga, me ētahi atu, me ngā tukanga organic.

reactors matū he tank tikanga hoki e mau ana i roto i te tauhohenga i roto i te tikanga ki te whakawhanake i te hua whakamutunga. Tei ratou hoahoa i runga i ngā āhuatanga, me te kia whakarato te tukua mōrahi o te tikanga whai hua te nuinga utu.

momo

E toru ngā tauira matua taketake o reactors matū:

• Tīra.
• tank tonu whakaohokia (HMM).
• piere mono-rere (PFR).

Ka taea te whakarerekē ēnei tauira taketake i roto i runga i te whakaritenga o te tukanga matū.

piere tīra

Nga wae matū o tenei momo e whakamahia i roto i ngā tukanga puranga i te hanga tauine iti, he wa tauhohenga roa ranei te wahi i tutuki te selectivity pai te, pera i roto i te tahi mau tukanga polymerization.

Hoki tenei whakaaro, hei tauira, te tirotiro o e he oko kowiri tira matatahi mahi ā te heihei o, mirumiru hau ranei e te tikanga o papua. kawea whakahaere i te pāmahana te roto mā whakapai utu wera, refrigerators irrigation köurarangi ranei i roto i te exchanger wera.

reactors puranga whakamahia tēnei wā i roto i te ahumahi matū me te tukatuka kai. Ratou aunoatanga me arotautanga hanga matatini, mai te mea te reira e tika ana ki te whakakotahi i ngā tukanga tonu, me te motuhake.

ngā reactors matū Semi-puranga mahi i roto i te aratau tonu, me te puranga. He bioreactor, mo te tauira, kei te wā utaina a tonu tuku hauhā, e me tonu nekehia. Oia atoa, no te, ka ko tetahi o te matū hohe hau māota, ki te kahore whakahaere tonu, te nuinga o reira evaporates te tauhohenga chlorination.

Ki te whakarite ngā pukapuka production nui whakamahia reactors matua matū oko whakarewa tonu ranei ki te stirrer te rere tonu ranei.

Motukore piere tank i whakaoho

E whangai matū hohe wai ki te ipu tira. Ki te whakarite ngā tika o ratou mata mahi i whakaoho. Ko te kupu, i roto i tenei momo o te piere e tonu whangai nga matū hohe ki te awa ki tuatahi (poutū, maitai), a ka whiwhi ratou ki te muri, wā kotahi āta ranu i roto i ia oko. Ahakoa te hanganga o he ōrite te ranunga i roto i ia tank i roto i te pūnaha rite te kukū katoa rerekē i ipu ki te ipu.

Ka taea te tātai te nui toharite o te wā e te nui motuhake o te matū hohe noho i roto i te tank (wā noho) noa na roto i te wehewehe i te rōrahi o te ipu i te tere rōrahi toharite o therethrough rere. tātai ōrau tūmanakohia o te otinga o te tauhohenga te whakamahi i te kinetics matū.

Hanga o tāke he kowiri tira ranei alloys me enamelled.

Ētahi āhuatanga nui o te DMI

i ngā tātai ka katoa e hāngai ana i runga i te ranunga pai. puta te tauhohenga i te auau e pā ana ki te kukū whakamutunga. I taurite, kia waiho te auau rere rite ki te auau rere, te kore he tonu kau ranei te awa ki.

Mea pinepine ōhanga pai ki te mahi ki te maha HMM rangatū whakarara ranei. tāke he kowiri tira kohia i roto i te Niniiraa o ngā waeine e rima e ono ranei e taea te tikanga rite te piere rere plug. taea tenei te wae tuatahi ki te mahi ki te kukū teitei o tauhohenga me, no reira, he auau tauhohenga teitei. Hoki, kia whakanohoia te awa ki ai maitai HMM e rave rahi ngā wāhanga poutū, hei utu o te tukanga whakahaere i roto i ngā oko.

I roto i te whakapae kōwae mahi multistage roherohea e taiepa wehewehe poutū o teitei rerekē, i roto i nei rere te ranunga hūkere.

A, no te e ruarua tairewa nga matū hohe nui ranei rerekē i roto i te mātotoru o te pūrere multistage poutū (karaihe-kapi kowiri ranei maitai) i roto i te aratau countercurrent. he whai hua hoki tauhohe reversible tenei.

Ko tino whakauru te moenga iti fluidized. Nui arumoni piere fluidized-moenga kua he pāmahana nui kākahu engari Ranu tairewa me kāwanatanga te mono i a rere molengofuá therebetween.

piere rere matū

PFR - he pūrere (kowiri tira), kua mäminga ai te matū hohe kotahi ranei atu wai i roto i te putorino ngongo ranei. e karangatia ano ratou rere tubular. Ka taea e whai te reira i putorino maha korere ranei. E whangai nga matū hohe tonu i roto i tetahi pito, ka haere mai nga hua i tetahi. tukanga matū tango te wahi rite haere te reira ranunga.

Te PFR tauhohenga tere pūnaha rōnaki: he tiketike rawa te kokoru, engari ki te whakaiti i roto i te kukū o matū hohe me te tukua hua nui haere ihirangi pōturi tona tere. Tikanga, tutuki taurite hihiri te.

Ko te takotoranga whakapae, me te poutū o te piere angamaheni.

A, no te te whakawhitinga wera hiahiatia, kua whakanohoia te korere takitahi ki te koti anga me wera ngongo exchanger ranei whakamahia te. I roto i te take whakamutunga, kia te matū rānei i te whare ranei i roto i te putorino.

Ipu o te whakarewa ki te nozzles diameter nui ranei PFR bathtubs rite, me te whakamahia whānuitia. I roto i te tahi mau whirihoranga whakamahi rere axial me toropā, kiriuhi maha ki exchangers wera integrated, tūnga whakapae poutū ranei o te piere, me te pera i runga i.

kia ki ai oko ki te kaiwhakahohe ki mea korakora e mangere catalytic ranei ki te whakapiki ake i te whakapā interfacial i roto i te tauhohe heterogeneous.

Ko te faufaa o te PFR ko e kore e tangohia nga tātaitanga ki pūkete te Mixing poutū whakapae ranei - tikanga o tenei e te wā "rere plug". Ka taea te whakaurua nga matū hohe ki te piere kore te kokoru anake. Ko te kupu, ko reira taea ki te whakatutuki i te kakama teitei o te EPA ranei whakaiti i tona rahi me te utu. Ko te tikanga ki runga ake i taua o te NRM o te rōrahi taua mahinga PSC. Hoki ngā uara rite o te rōrahi me te wā i roto i te reactors tauhohenga kōkeke ka whai i te ōrau teitei o te otinga atu i roto i māpele te ranu.

taurite hihiri

Hoki te nuinga o ngā tukanga matū e taea ki te whakatutuki i 100 ōrau otinga. heke ratou tere ki te hua tenei taupū ake ki te kau, ka tae te pūnaha he taurite hihiri (ka kore e te tapeke whakautu huringa ranei i roto i te hanganga puta). Ko te mata o te taurite i roto i te nuinga o ngā pūnaha he iti iho i te 100% otinga o te tukanga. Hoki tenei take, ko te mea e tika ana ki te hanga i te tukanga wehenga pērā i Māturu, ki wehe te toe tauhohenga i-hua o te ūnga ranei. ētahi wā e taea te makamaka ēnei tauhohenga i te timatanga o te tukanga, hei tauira, pērā i te tukanga Hepere.

Ko te tono o te EPA

reactors rere Mono whakamahia mō te faafariuraa matū o pūhui i roto i to ratou kaupapa i roto i te pūnaha, Ahakoa he ngongo, mo te whakaaro o nui-tauine, tauhohe nohopuku, ōrite heterogeneous ranei, tukanga production tonu me ka tuku nui o te wera.

He ana te pai PFR te wa noho whakaritea, arā, i tetahi wai (kōkeke) tae i te wā t, mahue reira i te wā t + τ, te wahi τ - .. wā Residence i te tipu.

reactors Chemical o tenei momo riro taumata tiketike o te mahi i runga i ngā wā roa o te wā, me te whakawhiti wera pai. Ko te āhuatanga o PFR ko te uaua o te aroturuki i te pāmahana o te tukanga e taea arahi ki ngā rerekētanga pāmahana houhou, me o ratou utu teitei.

reactors catalytic

Ahakoa e maha wae o tenei momo whakatinana i roto i te puka o te EPA, e rapu ratou tiaki matatini ake. Ko te tere o te tauhohenga catalytic he hautanga ki te nui o te whakakōkī i roto i te whakapā ki te matū. I roto i te take o te whakakōkī totoka, me te tauhohe wai he hautanga ki te tere o te rohe e wātea ana ngā tukanga, te tomokanga o ngā matū me ngā hua, me tei te kōwhiringa i runga i te aroaro o te Mixing ririhau.

Ko mau maha te tauhohenga catalytic he maha-taahiraa. E kore huru nga matū hohe tuatahi anake ki te whakakōkī. Ki te ia tauhohe me etahi o nga intermediates.

Ko te whanonga o te kaiwhakakökï ano nui i roto i te kinetics o tenei tukanga, rawa i roto i tauhohe matūngahinu tiketike, rite e taupāhohea ratou i sintering, coking me ngā tukanga ōrite.

Taupānga o hangarau hou

Kei te whakamahia SAR mo te faafariuraa o te koiora. I roto i te ngā o reactors pēhanga teitei e whakamahia. Te pēhanga i roto i a ratou e taea e tae 35 MPa. Mā te rahi maha ki te rerekē te wa noho i 0.5 ki te 600 hēkona. Ki te tae pāmahana i roto i te i te taikaha o te 300 ° C whakamahia te ki reactors electrically wera. whakamana kai koiora e HPLC-papua.

nanoparticles aerosol PSC

He he nui te pānga i roto i te ariā me te whakamahi o nanoparticles mo ngā take, tae atu ki ngā alloys tiketike, me te conductors kiriata matotoru hoki te ahumahi te hikohiko. Ētahi atu tono ngā inenga o susceptibility autō, te tuku i roto i te kōwarotanga autō tawhiti pōkākā, me te karihi. Hoki enei pūnaha he mea e tika ana ki te whakaputa i te rahi matūriki whakahaeretia. Ratou diameter te tikanga i roto i te whānuitanga o te 10 ki te 500 nm.

Nā ki to ratou rahi, te āhua, me te tiketike wāhi mata motuhake o enei matūriki taea te whakamahi mo te hanga o ngā uhi Paku, kiriuhi, kaiwhakakökï, okouku, catalytic me reactors photocatalytic. tauira Taupānga o nanoparticles ngā ma'á e ₂ mō pūoko te waro haukura, tio ₂ muka, SiO ₂ silica colloidal me muka optical, C mo taima waro i roto i potae, Fe mo te rauemi tuhi, Ni pākahiko me, i roto i te moni iti, palladium, konupora a bismuth. E synthesized enei rauemi katoa i roto i reactors aerosol. I roto i te rongoā, kua whakamahia nanoparticles mo te ārai me te maimoatanga o mate maru ia, implants wheua tāwhaiwhai, me te mo atahanga o te roro.

tauira production

Hoki matūriki alumina i raro i te awa hauhauhā, kukū ki te whakarewa te matao o te i roto i te RAC 18 mm te whānui me te 0.5 m te roa o te pāmahana o 1600 ° C i 1000 ° C / s. Ka rite ki te hau irava i roto i te piere mai nucleation me te tupu o matūriki alumina. Ko te auau rere o 2 DM ³ / min me te pēhanga he 1 atm (1013 Pa). Ka rite ki te matao o te hau e, a riro supersaturated te kaupapa, e arata'i ki te putanga o matūriki i collisions me rāpoi kohu ki toutou noa tae te matūriki te rahi tino. Ka rite ki neke te reira i roto i te hau whakawhāiti rāpoi konumohe supersaturated i runga i te matūriki, te whakanui ake i to ratou rahi.