He aha i nga tikanga o te rangimarie Brest: he whakarāpopototanga o te kawenata, me ona pānga

Soviet Russia, i runga i te ringa kotahi, Germany, Bulgaria, Turkey me Austria-Hungary - i runga i te tahi atu, ka tomo ki roto ki te kawenata i roto i 1918. Mai i taua, he aha i nga tikanga o te rongo mau Brest, okioki i runga i te āhuatanga o mana maha.

takahanga o mua

Ngā o te Brest rangimarie i roto i te 1918 kōrero i te wā torutoru a kei roto e toru ngā wāhanga. i utua te nuinga o nga hui o te aro ki te take Armenian. Kua hoatu Soviet Russia mua he maha o ngā āhuatanga, Heoi, kua paopao Germany me ona hoa i tenei Brest rangimarie. Rā o te whiriwhiringa i runga i te mutunga o te kirimana i roto i te Brest-Litovsk - 1917, Hakihea 9. He he ano hoki te auau whakahau Tiamana. tamata te Sovietí ki te karo i roto i te heke mai i te ngä ao me annexations.

Ko te tūranga o te kaiārahi Soviet

Kua whakawhanakehia e te tuku Soviet te hōtaka, i aru i roto i te whiriwhiringa. Mai i taua, he aha i nga tikanga o te rongo mau Brest, okioki i runga i te tapatahi o te tūranga Russian me ona tangata. Ko te ngā matua o te hōtaka:

• Ko te whai wāhi ki te karo i te mharahara kaha o nga whenua e nohoia i roto i te whawhai.
• Fakafoki o motuhake tōrangapū ki tonu o nga iwi, ko wai ngaro te reira i roto i te akoranga o te whawhai.
• Faingamālie ki te karo i ngä.
• Ko te kupu whakataki o te mana motuhake o paerikiriki motu i roto i te hanganga ture ki te maha etahi o tikanga.
• Whakamana ngā rōpū iwi te tika ki te tīpako i te whenua hanganga ranei o tona mana motuhake kāwanatanga.
• take Colonial e whakatauria i roto i te runga i te mau parau tumu i runga ake.
• Preservation o nga tika me nga rangatiratanga o nga iwi ngoikore.

I whakamahere i te ārahitanga Soviet pehea ki te wahia te whiriwhiringa te pai roa, tumanako puku ki haaparuparu Germany rite ki te hua o te revolution ā-. January 28, i homai 1918 Russia tëtahi. ka karanga Germany mo te hainatanga o te whakaaetanga i runga i taua tikanga rite ki te hua i roto i, i te manga i roto i Poland, te Baltic States me Peraruhia.

whakatika Russia

i rutaki te titauraa a Germany. I runga i te ringa kotahi, e kore i taea e Russia whakaae ki te haina i te fakamā taua ki a ia kirimana, a kia waiho, kaua, ki te tīmata i te whawhai atu i ki whakaae ki taua tikanga. Ko e kore ngā rauemi mō ngā mahi whawhai i nui. Mai i taua, he aha i nga tikanga o te rongo mau Brest, okioki i runga i te kaha o Russia. Leon Trotsky, me ki atu mua, tamata ki te kitea te ara i roto i o tenei āhuatanga. Na ka haere mai te ārahitanga o te whenua o ki te whakatau i whakaaro ia pai. January 28 te matenga o te tuku Soviet hanga he kupu, i arahina ki te whai ake: e kore e e hainatia te ao, engari ko te timatanga o te whawhai, e kore Russia e whakaatu. ua faaite Leon Trotsky te tuku o te iwi, me nga hoia o te pakanga.

ohorere tenei whakatau nga diplomats Tiamana, me te Austria. kihai i ratou e mahara tenei tahuri o ngā. February 18 timata te whawhai o nga hoia Austro-Hungarian. I whakamararatia te Army Whero, i reira ko kahore tetahi ki te tu atu i te hoariri. Ka rite ki te hua, i noho Pskov me Narva. Ētahi o te hoia, e nga i tenei wa i roto i o ratou tūranga, taui kahore he whawhai. he tika kore Russia ki te matapaki i te mea ko nga tikanga o te rangimarie Brest. i tangohia e te taha Soviet tanguru 19 whakaritenga Tiamana.

Germany, Kei te tono te ite i te hepohepo o te āhuatanga i roto i Russia inaianei nui atu rohe (rima nga wa), e ko tata te rakau katoa o te waro me te rino ore te whenua o me ora 50 miriona te iwi i. Ano, ka takoto te taha Soviet ki te utu i te herenga nui. i haere tuku Russian New e Grigory Sokolnikov. ka mea ia e te mea kahore he pai rawa, me te kore e taea te karohia haina i te tiriti te rongo i roto i te āhuatanga i homai. Ua faaite hoki ia tumanako e he poto te āhuatanga o nāianei.

Ngā o te rangimarie Brest - poto

• Makanga o nga kawanatanga i roto i nei te kāinga ka kaha Belarusians.
• Ko te aronga o te rangatiratanga o Ukraine.
• Tuhinga kawanatanga privislyanskih o Estonia, Livonia, Courland, te Duchy Grand o Finland.
• Manga rohe Caucasian - Batumi me Kars.
• Making rangimarie ki te UPR.
• Ko te Tuhinga o te ope, me te kaipuke.
• Care o te kaipuke Baltic ki te turanga Finnish me Paratiki.
• Ko te utu o te 500 miriona moni koura, me te 6 piriona tohu.
• mahue Paratiki Fleet te turanga i roto i Finland me te Baltic States.
• Whakamutunga o te whakatö-orurehau.
• ka haere atu Black Moana maha te Central Powers.

pānga

Ko te kupu i mutu ai te rangimarie Brest. Ko te rā o tona hainatanga - March 3, 1918. Ukraine, Poland, nga āhua Baltic me wahi o Byelorussia kua momotuhia i Russia. Ano, utua nga Sovietí i Germany neke atu i te 90 taranata o te koura. Nga Tiamana, he whakaware, kia hiahia ratou ki te whakarite i te mana o te kāwanatanga tika o Ukraine timata te mahi o tona rohe. I te wā i tenei ara mauī whakatikanga ake SR me whawhai ā e te puka o whawhai nui-tauine. Te pato'iraa koi whakahē te tauākī e Lenin i a Russia kahore whiriwhiri, engari ki te whakaae ki nga ngā o te kirimana. Ko kūwawa te ope. whakakitea hopearaa o te rangimarie o Brest e kua karangatia e kaitautoko pato'iraa mō whakaoho rongonui i roto i te tikanga ki te pehi i te hoia Tiamana-Austria. whakahē State Entente te rangimarie hainatia. Mai i Maehe ki August 1918 te taunga o ngā hōia Ingarangi, me te Japanese i Murmansk, Vladivostok, Arkhangelsk.

Whakamutunga o te rangimarie o Brest

e kore Brest rangimarie i faataahia no te te wa roa ki te ngāue. Whiringa 13, i muri i hinga i te Austro-German ope (e tika ana ki ona hoa), whakakorea Russia reira. I te ra o te whakakorenga, te kaiārahi Soviet, oho ia ki Moscow, wehi i te whakaeke Tiamana i runga i mua. I muri i hanga te whakakorenga o te kirimana whakaaro ātetenga rohe i muhu. Kua whakaratohia e te kaiārahi Soviet nga noho o te Caucasus me ētahi atu wāhi mau pu e whiriwhiri ratou ake iku'anga. I mua, Mahuru 20, 1918, i haea wahi o te rangimarie Brest ki Turkey.

Kei te mea te reira e whakaū i te mau hopearaa o te rangimarie Brest te mana o Lenin. timata nga mua ki te whakaatu ki a ia ake ara whakawhirinaki. I te mutunga o te Pakanga Civil i 1922, whakaturia i roto i te nuinga o te Russian mana Soviet.