Mataaro pūkaha American me ihi Robert Fulton: haurongo, ngā āhuatanga me ngā meka ngā

Robert Fulton - tetahi o nga ingoa tino ngā o ngā wā hou. Ite mata maha ngā ngā, te taua o te whawhai, ihi me te pūtaiao. E nehenehe te reira i te rārangi roa o te mau huru ahurei o tenei tangata, engari e te mea pai ki te whakatutuki i te faufaa ai'a o taua maui ki huaai Robert Fulton?

biography

ka mau, me te houkuratanga o te ma'imi i mua nei wahi i roto i Amerika. Rā o te whanau - 1765. Place o whanau - pa o Little Britain. mate Matua Robert ka i toru nga tau o te tamaiti. a Robert ko tona hapu ki te neke ofi ange ki tona whaea - i roto i te pa iti o Lancaster. I reira, tīmata Robert Fulton kura.

nui ki te kia hiahiatia mahue Mātauranga o taua wa. i hoatu tamariki ki te tamau aau mongamonga roa o mahi Kariki me Roma, parau te aamu o te ora o nga whenua Pākehā mamao - e kore e māngai mo te heke mai o te ihi o te moni iti. Kei hea te reira pea atu ki te noho wa i roto i te toa parakimete tawhito i runga i te mata o te pa, rummaging i roto i nga mea kaimahi kohikohi trinkets. Kua i te tau o ma toru hanga e ia tona tātuhi hangarau tuatahi, a muri i runga i ana huahua, hei whakainu i raro poti mamaoa-powered tuatahi o te ao.

I muri i te kura nui, tamata Robert Fulton ia i roto i te mahi whakapaipai. Na ka tamata ia ki te riro i te whakaīngoatia. Kitenga pehea hapa ia te matauranga, faaoti ia i runga i te haerenga roa ki Ingarangi - te whakapaipai o innovations hangarau. Ko reira konei e whakaaro na Robert Fulton katoa, kei te timata i te reira ki te tango i āhua tūturu - moe tahuri ki mooni.

E noho i roto i Ingarangi

noho Robert Fulton i Pineamine Te Hau-ā-uru - tetahi o nga toi tino rongonui o te wā. kihai i whakarere ia tona moe ki te hanga i te moana he kaipuke ki te engine faufaa hou - e kore hoe me kahore hau. I te pae hopea, i hanga te kaupapa. Kua te tuhinga tuatahi o te kaipuke kua tukuna ki te Kawanatanga o Ingarangi i roto i te 1793.

I te 1797 ka whakatutehu ia ki Paris, i reira tonu ia ki te mahi i runga i tona tenenga e e ake tona ingoa - Robert Fulton. Haurongo o te ma'imi kōrero te wā kukū o tona ora. I roto i Paris, Fulton ako Tiamana, me te French, ka whakapai ake i ō rātou ake mōhiotanga o te matū, engineering me te pāngarau. Here tutaki ia ki ihi Dzheymsom Ramzi English nei i roto i te 1786 i hanga he tauira o te tima tuatahi i roto i Te Hau-ā-uru Virginia.

Ko te makanga o te whakatuwheratanga

Na roto i te ohorere o Franklin, whakaaro tona kitea i te râ, takawairore huakore. Kua tohua Admiralty e kore e haere te reira ki te haumi i roto i te kaipuke, nānā te moti-kore. Whakama Robert Fulton me ratou kaupapa e haere ana ki a France te wahi i mate kē ia ki raro revolution, ka haere Napoleon ki kaha 1. pea e hiahia reira France mō kaupapa hou?

Robert Fulton ko Napoleon

Ko nga pitopito kōrero o Count Mirabeau, i reira he whakahua o te hui o te ma'imi American ki Napoleon. Robert Fulton, te kaiwhakarewa o te kaipuke, whakaekea te Hiha o France kapi te kaipuke ki kaipuke hou, e pai whakaturia i roto i te nekehanga i te tikanga o te korohū. tohe ia te Hiha, e ki mihini taua whawhai Napoleon 1 hohoro wikitoria tona tāwhai te koiora - France.

I muri te whakarongo ki te ma'imi, ka mea Napoleon:

- nga ra, hoatu e ahau ki runga ki nga kaupapa fakalilifú tepu, me te whakaaroa kuware atu e e taea. Just inanahi, i whakaekea e ahau te whenua i runga i te rohe o Ingarangi kaieke hoiho, e noho i runga i te aihe ringa. Haere atu - kei pea koe tetahi o te hunga haurangi!

Ko reira ngā e tau e waru anake i muri, peia te kaipuke Ingarihi "Bellerophon" Napoleon ki te pae o tona whakaraua tuatahi - i runga i St. Helena .. I roto i te moana tuwhera tutaki te kaipuke ki a Ingarihi tima "Fulton" e tere ana ki te awhina o engines korohū.

mau tima "Bellerophon" ka ngaro i runga i te pae. Ka rite ki whanga ana e ia te kaipuke American, ua parau te kanohi Napoleon:

- E kore whakarongo ki Fulton, ngaro ahau toku karauna.

Ko te kaipuke tuatahi

I roto i te takiwa, kei te rapu Fulton mō kaitautoko mo te hanganga o nga kaipuke tuatahi ki engines korohū, i roto i 1800 ki te waka ruku "Nautilus", te wikitoria i te tokonga o pakia i kua whakaatu i roto i France. Ko "Nautilus" ko kahore pai mō ngā take hōia, ko reira puhoi rawa, me te rere nohopuku ngāwari Dodge submarine hoariri. i iri hanga atu o nga kaipuke, ka whakatau te uara o mua i tau anake te rau i muri - i roto i te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao. Mahalo faauruhia e tenei kaipuke mo te maha nga tau i muri i Verne ki te tuhituhi tona tahuti ore "Kāpene Nemo". I roto i 1803, te wai o te Seine crisscrossing te tima tuatahi. Ko hoki nui-tauine ko tonu e kore production wa nui me te moni. Na whakatau Robert Fulton ki hoki ki Amerika.

moana Conquest

I roto i Amerika, Robert Fulton, he tau torutoru pau i runga i te whakapai ake o motors wira parau tumu o te mahi mamaoa-powered. E toru tau i muri mai, i muri i hoki mai ki tona whenua i roto i te mutunga o te raumati o 1807 whakarewahia te tima tuatahi i runga i nga wai o te Hudson. ka karanga ana to'utangata ia "te tima Northern awa o Claremont," engari i roto i te tuhituhi hītori, kua mohiotia ia rite "Claremont". I roto i te meka, Claremont - te ingoa o te whenua atu Fulton, i i kei roto i te 177 kiromita i New York. Te rere tuatahi, "awa Te Tai Tokerau" i hanga i runga i te Hudson, i "Clermont-New York." Whakaatu i o te pūmanawa ōhanga o tona tenenga, arai Fulton tona tūhura me kua whakaritea tuku o te kaipuke i roto i te United States.

Steamboats i roto i Russia

I roto i te 1813 ka ui Fulton te kāwanatanga Russian ki tukua mai tika motuhake mo te hanganga o tima awa i runga i te rohe o te Russian Empire. Emperor Alexander 1 hoatu ki a ia nga tika tika katoa, engari ki te mahia te tikanga o te Kawanatanga o Fulton, a kihai i taea. kore kua hoki tau e toru kua whakarewahia kahore kaipuke. I muri i te matenga o te ma'imi i te heriheri i roto i 1815 mo te hanganga o kaipuke hokona Charles Byrd, e i roto i te taua tau whakarewa te kaipuke tuatahi o tona mamaoa-Powered. o te pūrongo hui i whakaputaina i roto i "te Tama a te fatherland" makasiní. He hoki ko te tuatahi ki te whakamahi i te kupu "poti", e muri riro te wahi o te reo Russian hou.