January 9, 1905 - toto Rātapu (poto). kōrero

Ko tētahi o nga ngā tino fakamamahi e tangohia e wahi i roto i te hītori o Russia - Rātapu toto. Poto, January 9, i kawea 1905 i te mahia o te whakaaturanga, tae e pā ana ki 140 mano māngai o te piha haapiiraa mahi. ¶ Na i roto i te St Petersburg i roto i te kingitanga o Nicholas II, e ka timata te iwi ki te karanga i te toto. He maha hītori whakapono e ko tenei ohipa te hiringa whakatakotoria ki te timatanga o te revolution 1905.

Rātapu toto: he hītori poto o

I timata te mutunga o 1904 pōuri tōrangapū i roto i te whenua, i tupu te reira i muri i te hinga, i tukua e te kāwanatanga i roto i te pakanga Russian-Japanese kiki. He aha ngā arahina ki te shooting papatipu o kaimahi - te ati, i ka mohiotia rite Rātapu toto? I roto i te poto, tīmata reira katoa ki te whakahaere "Runanga o kaimahi wheketere Russian."

Te mea faahiahia, mātātoa whai wāhi te hanga o tenei whakahaere ki te Tari Pirihimana. Ko tenei tika ki te meka i āwangawanga e pā ana ki te tipu haere te maha o wenewene i roto i te taiao mahi nga mana. Ko te whakaaro matua o "Assembly" ko te tuatahi kaitiaki o te piha haapiiraa mahi i te mana o te whakatö-pāhoro, whakahaere o te mātauranga tahi. Heoi, e kore te te "Hui" tika te mana e te mana, hua i roto i te huringa koi o te whakahaere akoranga. Ko tenei te nuinga e tika ana ki te tangata te tangata, i ahu reira.

Georgi Gapon

He aha e George Gapon ki te ra fakamamahi kia e ka mahara rite Rātapu toto? Poto, ko reira ko tenei tohunga te Fakamānava'i me kaiwhakahaere o te whakaaturanga, ko na pouri te putanga o nei. ka mau Gapon runga rite matenga o te "Whakaminenga" i te mutunga o 1903, i te reira hohoro tahuri atu ki te hei i tona kaha pūmau. moe He tohunga hao e haere tona ingoa ki raro i roto i te aamu, kauwhautia ia te rangatira pono o te piha haapiiraa mahi.

Ko te rangatira o te "Whakaminenga" whakaturia te komiti ngaro, lau tuhinga tapuí nei te mau melo, ako ia te hītori o te kaupapa pāhoro, ki te whakawhanake i ngā mahere mo te pakanga mo te piha haapiiraa mahi. Hoa ka Gapon wahine Karelin, koa mana nui i roto i nga kaimahi i.

"Ko te hōtaka o e rima", e ngā te titauraa tōrangapū, me te ōhanga motuhake o te ngā mema o te Komiti Secret, i whakawhanakehia i roto i te Maehe 1904. Ko ia te tangata e mahi pera i te puna i nei i tangohia titauraa e i whakaritea nga demonstrators ki tapaea ki te kingi i roto i te Rātapu toto i roto i te 1905. I roto i te poto, i taka ratou ki te whakatutuki i ō rātou whāinga. I taua ra, e kore te pitihana i taka ki roto ki te ringa o Nicholas II.

Ko te ohipa i te Putilov Plant

He aha te hui whakanohoia ana nga kaimahi ki te whakatau i runga i te whakaaturanga papatipu i te ra, i mohiotia te rite Rātapu toto? korero poto e pā ana ki e taea e te reira pera: te hiringa ko te pananga o te maha iwi e mahi i te wheketere Putilov. he i te mau melo o te katoa o ratou "Runanga." horahia Hau e to ratou tukunga atu iwi no o ratou mema o te whakahaere.

Te pōuri i roto i te Putilov horapa ki ētahi atu pakihi e kua mahi i taua wa i roto i St Petersburg. Timata anga patu papatipu ki te horapa mātārere ki te titauraa ōhanga me te tōrangapū ki te kāwanatanga. Ākina e Gapon faaoti ki pitihana te ariki fakatāutaha Nicholas II. A, no te faahiti ki te kingi, i te pānui i te kuputuhi ki ngā kaiuru "Assembly", te maha o i nui kua 20 mano iwi kua whakahuatia ratou hiahia ki te whai wāhi i roto i te whakawhitiwhiti.

Kua tāutuhia te reira me te rā o te hīkoi, i haere ki raro, i roto i te hītori rite Rātapu toto - January 9, 1905. Poto e pā ana ki te ngā kaupapa matua whakaahuatia i raro nei.

e kore toto i whakaritea

ka mōhio o te mua haamouraa o te whakaaturanga, i tae nei e pā ana ki 140 mano iwi te mana. He mahue 6 Kohitātea ki tona whānau i roto i Tsarskoye selo te Emperor Nicholas. ka karanga a Minita Interior he hui ohorere te ra i mua i te hui, ka mahara nei rite te toto Rātapu 1905. I roto i te poto, e kore e tukua ki nga kaiuru o te hui i whakaritea e te reira i roto i te hui ki te haere ki te Palace Square kore anake, engari ano hoki ki te pokapū pa.

Ko reira utu te whakahua e kore i whakaritea tuatahi te toto. Ko te mana i kahore feaa e te mano titaria kaha o nga mau patu, engari kihai i enei tūmanako rite.

tāmate

Ko te haerenga, i oho ki te Winter Palace, ngā o nga tangata, wahine me te tamariki, e i kahore patu ki a ia. E rave rahi o te marchers kawea whakaahua o Nicholas II, nga kara. ka whakaekea whakaaturanga kuwaha Nevsky i te taha o te eke hoiho, ka tīmata te shooting, whakatangi e rima matā.

rongo nga matā e whai ake nei i ki te taha Trinity Bridge St Petersburg ko Vyborg. hua maha ngā waipūtanga i me te Winter Palace te wahi tae nga mautohe te Alexander Garden. te scene kapi ki tinana i hohoro taotū, me te mate. papatu Local tonu tae noa ki te mutunga i te ahiahi, tika 23 haora whakahaere nga mana ki te titaria te demonstrators.

pānga

Ko te pūrongo, i te aroaro ki a Nicholas II, tino understates te maha o te iwi whara i runga i te 9 o Hānuere. Rātapu toto, he whakarāpopototanga o nei kētia i te i roto i tenei tuhinga, kī te ora o 130 iwi, tetahi 299 i whara, ki te whakawhirinaki koe i runga i tenei pūrongo. I roto i te meka, kua nui te maha o mate, ka werohia wha mano iwi, tonu te ahua tangohia te mea ngaro.

whakahaere Georgy Gapon ki mawhiti ki waho, engari i roto i Maehe 1906, i patua te tohunga i te pāpori-mua. Te tavana Foulon, nei i te pā ana tika ki nga ngā o Rātapu toto, i tonoa atu kua January 10, 1905. ngaro ia tona mahi, me te Minita o te Interior Svyatopolk-Mirsky. Whakaminenga ki i tū Emperor mahi tuku i runga i te 20 o Hānuere, i roto i te akoranga o reira, ua faaite Nicholas II tatarahapa e patua na e rave rahi te iwi. Heoi, ka mea ano ia e kua mahia nga demonstrators he kino, whakahe ki nga whakawhitiwhiti papatipu.

mutunga

I muri mutu te ngaro o Gapon papatipu patu, mate iho i te oaoa. Heoi, ko reira anake te marino ki mua i te tupuhi, hohoro titau te kāwanatanga arepurepuraa tōrangapū hou, me te patunga tapu.