Rangatiratanga Pereyaslavl: wāhi matawhenua, te ahurea, Pereyaslavl rangatira, hītori

i hanga Old rangatiratanga Russian Pereyaslavl i huri noa te pa o Pereyaslavl, te nui whakahua tuatahi o e pā ana ki te tau 992, ka whakaturia Prince Vladimir te nui. I hanga te pa hei wāhanga o te rārangi ārai, ki te tiaki i te whenua i iwi mohoao steppe, Pechenegs tuatahi, ka Polovtsy. puta rangatiratanga takekore i roto i 1054, i muri i te matenga o Yaroslava Mudrogo, i aru e te wā o te mimiti tōrangapū o Russia.

tūnga matawhenua

ko te whenua Pereyaslavskaya i te peihana Trubezh, Sula me hupa. I roto i te-uru raki o reira ko Kiev rangatiratanga. Mai i te tonga me te rawhiti Pereyaslavl taonga i karapotia e te steppe mohoao, te wahi rere te ope pahua. I roto i tona hītori Pereyaslavl rangatiratanga whakahe ki iwi mohoao me he maha nga wa kei te pahuatia ratou.

putanga

Motuhake rangatiratanga ritua Pereyaslavl i Kiev tetahi o te tuatahi. I roto i te 1054 ka haere te reira ki te tama whakaotinga Yaroslava Mudrogo Vsevolod Yaroslavovich. Na ka ka whakaaro Pereyaslavl te toru o nga pa tino nui i muri i te Rus o Kiev me Chernigov. Nā ki te noho tata o te koraha Polovtsian reira ko te kapa kaha. I kapi te rohe tonga o te rangatiratanga hoia. kitenga whaipara tangata i roto i nga wahi kua ururuatia o ratou whakaatu i riro enei pa, tahuna, ngaro, ka hanga.

Tuatahi tangohia he pakanga kino i roto i Pereyaslavl rangatiratanga Cumans i 1061. Tae noa taua momeniti o ratou hau anake, a no Rurik ki iwi mohoao tino nui. I roto i te 1068 tutaki hōia Polovtsian ki te toru tira ngā o Yaroslav - Izyaslav, Svyatoslav me Vsevolod. ka mau te whawhai wahi i runga i te awa Alta kore matara i te Pereyaslavl. riro Polovtsi. rere rangatira ki Kiev, i reira whakakeke te taupori wenewene te passivity o nga mana.

riri tara

I roto i te 1073 Pereyaslav Prince Vsevolod riro i tona teina pakeke Svyatoslav Chernigov. e kore ahau i whakaae tona irāmutu Oleg Ki tenei otinga. arahina te pakanga ki te whawhai. Ahakoa rangatira Pereyaslavl rite kotahi, tokomaha whawhai ki a Polovtsy i te koraha, i ratou ki te whawhai ki nga iwi mohoao, me i roto i te totohe ā i roto i Russia. kihai i ētahi Rurik (Oleg Svyatoslavovych) toumoua ki te rapu āwhina i te ope.

I roto i te 1078, patua iramutu Prince Vsevolod Yaroslavich. I muri i taua wikitoria, ko ano hoki e ia te rangatira o Kiev, tuku i runga i ki tana tama Rostislav Pereyaslavl ko Chernigov hoatu ki tetahi atu tama - Vladimir Monomakh. Kainga ki tika te tiaki i te kainga tupu o tona papa. I te 1080 ka haere ia ki Pereyaslavschiny ki pehi te tutu o Torquay.

Ko te kingitanga o Monomakh

i fakamamahi patua Rostislav Gromov i 1093 i roto i ki te awa Stugna he whawhai ki te Polovtsy. i muri i tona teina Vladimir Pereyaslavl rangatiratanga. Ko te tūnga matawhenua o te kainga e hiahiatia ana DC mana. hoatu Monomakh Chernigov Oleg Svjatoslavovich, ka hāngai ia ki runga ki te tiaki Pereyaslavl i te mano tini steppe.

ka Vladimir Gromov te hero o tona wa. Ko ia te tuatahi i roto i nga rangatira Russian kore anake awhina i nga iwi mohoao, engari kua meinga e ia haerenga ki to ratou whenua. kua roa e hiahiatia ana kāwanatanga Russian Old he rangatira taua. Ko te ka tae Monomakh te tihi o tona auraa tōrangapū Pereyaslavl rangatiratanga. tito te hītori o te hunga tau e o maha whakaora kanapa i runga i te Polovtsy. I roto i te 1103 i whakakikitia Monomakh atu Rurik uru ope, me te haere i te tira tawhiti ki te koraha. haere te ope ki runga ki nga opape Dnieper me kihai Ka mate tatari iwi mohoao vezhi patu.

Jaropolk V.

Ka rite ki te Piriniha kaha tino o Russia, i 1113, ka mau Vladimir Monomakh te torona o Kiev. Ko te wā whakamutunga ka tonu i tohu o ārikarika te kāwanatanga Russian tawhito. hoatu Vladimir Pereyaslavl tana tama Yaropolk. I roto i te 1116 whai wāhi ia me tona papa i roto i te pakanga ki te Ming Prince Gleb Vseslavich. Jaropolk Drutsk horo a hoatu wahi o ona tangata i roto i te pa i roto i te raro tae Zheldi Sula.

I roto i te taua tau i haere te tama a Monomakh ki Polovtsy Don rohe, te wahi ka mau te whakaeke e toru nga pa: Balin, Sharukan ko NPGs. Na i roto i te haumi ki te rangatira o Pereyaslavl mahi ia te tama a te rangatira o Chernigov Vsevolod Davidovich. Victory o ringa Russian kua mahi ratou mahi. Polovtsi i te mahue anake nga rangatiratanga Te Tai Rāwhiti Slavic. Roa World tae noa ki 1125, ka mate a Vladimir Monomakh i Kiev.

Ko te pakanga mo Pereyaslavl

Kainga o Vladimir i Kiev i tana tama matamua Mstislav Veliky. mate ia i roto i te 1132. ka mau Jaropolk te wahi o tona tuakana. I muri i tenei hurihanga i roto i te Pereyaslavl timata te wā o te huringa tamau o nga rangatira. meinga te pa he kereeme o Rostov-Suzdal Prince Yury Dolgoruky. I roto i te whawhai ā i peia ia i Pereyaslavl tama tokorua Mstislava Velikogo (Vsevolod me Izyaslav).

I roto i te 1134 mohio Yaropolk Kievsky nga tika o tona teina i roto i te rangatiratanga tonga Dolgoruky. Heoi, he māngai wenewene o te peka Chernigov o te Rurik tenei otinga. I roto i te haumi ki te Polovtsy moti enei rangatira Pereyaslavskaya whenua. Ratou kokiritanga noa ki Kiev, ka haere Jaropolk ki te whiriwhiri. i whakawhitia Pereyaslavl ki tetahi o tona teina Andrei Vladimirovich ahua, tika i reira i roto i te biennium 1135-1141.

Ko te whiu atu o te rangatiratanga

I roto i te waenganui o te rau tau XII, i mua te mutunga piri wahia Rus ki nga rangatiratanga maha. ka tino motuhake ētahi kainga i Kiev. no Pereyaslavl ki te momo o rangatiratanga iti, te wahi e kore i reira whakapumautia tona ake whare, me te pa ki nga whenua e karapoti ana matapōkeretia ke rangatira rite ki te hua o pakanga ā-iwi, me ngā takawaenga.

whakawhanakehia te pakanga matua mō tenei whenua i waenganui o Kiev, Rostov me nga kawana Chernigov. I roto i te 1141-1149 gg. Pereyaslavl kingi e te tama me te mokopuna Mstislava Velikogo. Na ka haere rangatiratanga ki nga uri o Yuriya Dolgorukogo, nei tata whanaunga o matua te mana Suzdal Te Tai Tokerau-Eastern Russia.

I 1239 ko Pereyaslavl i te ara ki a Russia whawhai Mongols. I riro, ka whakangaromia City (me te tini ke atu). I muri i taua, e kore i taea e ki tino ora me te riro i te pokapū tōrangapū nui ia. whakaurua Pereyaslavl i roto i te taonga o te rangatira o Kiev, a mutu ki te tākaro i tētahi tūranga motuhake. I te timatanga o te rau tau XIV, i runga i Lithuania rānei Tonga Russia. I te pae hopea i apitiria rangatiratanga Pereyaslavl ki reira i roto i 1363.

Culture me te karakia

Old rangatiratanga Russian Pereyaslavl, te ahurea i ite tona tino pokea ana i roto i te rau tau XI-XII., Kei runga i te rohe o Te Tai Rāwhiti Slavic hononga iwi glades, northerners me Ulichi. ngā wāhi whaipara e pā ana ki a ratou e kitea i roto i te peihana o te Sula, Seym, Vorksly, Psel me te Seversky Donets. Fele e ratou funerary pūāhua Pagan (Barrows, urupa, me te t. D.).

haere mai Karaitiana ki Pereyaslavl, me te i roto i era atu pa Russian i te mutunga o te rau tau X i muri i te iriiringa o Prince Vladimira Svyatoslavovicha. He ariā i hopukina, ko e i roto i tenei pa, ko te noho tuatahi o te metropolitans rite te roa rite kore kua Kiev ka Hagia Sophia.

hokohoko

whakaongaongatia whanaketanga Economic me ahurea o Pereyaslavl rangatiratanga i te taha o te pātata ki ngā ara hokohoko, i runga i nei hokohokona Russia ki te whenua rawhiti me te tonga. Tino i roto ia ratou, ko te awa Dnieper iatuku hono nga Silaví rawhiti ki Byzantium. I tua atu ki te ara "i nga Vikings ki nga Kariki" ko Salt ano te ara i roto i nei hokohoko ki te rohe o te Azov ko Moana Black. I muri tae kaihokohoko Pereyaslavschiny tawhiti rāwhiti Tmutarakani me wāhanga Täingäwai rohe.

Ko reira kua he tiaki hokohoko moni kua tetahi o nga āhuatanga matua o te tokanga makehe ki te korero o nga rangatira o te whenua steppe. Kei te maha nga tira me te kaipuke (tae atu i te mau opape Dnieper) i raro ki te whakaeke o nga iwi mohoao, me te tika te kaiwhanga. Nō reira, hanga nga taumaihi taiepa me nga pa i tika i runga i te ara hokohoko. Pereyaslavl kaipuke kaihokohoko i wahi o te auraki o te Dnieper roto Trubezh. I te mangai o te awa i reira ko te papa pakihi. I roto i tona wahi, kua kitea whaipara whatiwhatinga o amphoras Kariki.

pa

Nga pa nui rawa o te rangatiratanga, i roto i te tua ki te Pereyaslavl, i hanga Vladimirom Monomahom Oster pa te tauwhiro tauhokohoko toa ira, Paruku, Ksnyatin, Lukoml, me te he pa i runga i te pae o te whakataunga o tenei ra Miklashevsky. no te nuinga o ratou ki te Posulskoy aho ārai kōpaki tomonga o Sulu Dnieper. puta ratou heke i muri i te whakaekenga o Batu.

Ko te attraction matua o Pereyaslavl ko Cathedral o Michael. ko Residence Prince i runga i Detinets. He noho ano nga minita teitei o te pa. I tiakina Pihopa marae i te taiepa kohatu, kua ora nga wahi kua ururuatia o nei ki to tatou wa. Ka rite ki era atu pa wharekarakia, te nuinga noho te taupori i roto i te whare e. Kua kitea whaipara reira he maha tuhinga o tauhokohoko me mahi. Ko te pa kua onge mo tona wa, he awheawhe mo te hanga o te karaihe.