Hanganga spore - he tukanga o te sporulation. tauira

I roto i te natura, i reira he huakita e whai i te kaha ahurei ki te hanga i pua. Ka rite ki puta tenei tukanga, e taua tautohetohe, ka ako i te kaipānui i te tai'oraa i te tuhinga.

tautohetohe

He kaiao arā, o te pūtau kotahi, me i reira he whakarea, me te mararatanga. He aha te mea he tautohe? I roto i te translation - tenei hua, te purapura o te purapura. Pua tini harore, Kiwa, hawahawa, otaota, me etahi momo o huakita.

He rerekē tautohetohe. Ko te kupu, i roto i ngā tipu me te harore ratou kawe i te mahi o te uri, me te huakita - kahore. Ko te pua o te huakita ki te tiaki ratou i ngā āhuatanga kino, engari e kore e farii huakita katoa ki taua āhuatanga.

He aha te mea he tautohe? Tenei moroiti Ko pūtau tekau nga wa iti huakita iho, kua hanga e nei i te reira. Ka taea e anake whakangaro te reira i te rongoā paturopi motuhake ranei he mura tuwhera.

Tonutanga o te pua ki te kia hae. Ka taea e ēnei ngā mōkitokito tohe mo te wa roa, ki runga ki te mano tau. Otiia, i roto i ngā āhuatanga pai, ae whakaputaia ketia ana ratou kotahi, tere tupu me te tini.

Momo o huakita spore-hanga

Ka taea e pua hanga anake huakita-rakau. Tei runga i te rahi o te tautohe ko:

• Bacillus - te pera-ka karanga moroiti-kaiao, he iti iho i te whanui o nga rakau i te tautohe rahi. hanga reira ka kore e huri huakita sporulation.
• Clostridium - totohe nui atu i te diameter o te pūtau. timata huakita ki pupuhi, ka whiwhi i te muka-āhua.

Ko te tukanga o te sporulation i roto i huakita pērā i te cocci me ore Ko te tino onge, he okotahi.

bacilli

Tenei huakita spore-hanga i roto i te puka o rakau, pūkete hoki te ahua o e pā ana ki e rua rau ngā momo. Rerekē i microorganisms asporogenous rahi nui. I roto i te bacilli i pathogenic, kino ki te hauora o te tangata.

Ko ētahi o ēnei Anthrax, i te mea te kaihoko fakatupu o antratsis - Bacillus te ô i roto i pāpaka i runga i te kiri, me te kua he pānga paitini i runga i te papanga, e kua ngaro muri. Ko te māngai pūtake o mua ko tata mutu. e kore e taea te huna te reira ki te wera, te marama, me te mahi matū. werohanga anake.

clostridia

Enei huakita he whakaaro spore-hanga, i roto i te kupu atu e huaina ratou faahepo nei. Clostridia He rahi nui, me te āhua o te rakau kōpiko. te nuinga ora ratou i roto i ngā kaiao ora, he pūkoro me te immobile. E flagella te mua.

Clostridium he āhuatanga pathogenic, e farii ki te capsule-superstructure. tikanga o tēnei e kore e te taiao o waho whakapā te pūtau, he reira i roto i te capsule.

Clostridia Ko te rota o momo, etahi o e ahei te hua i paihana paitini pērā i botulinum tāoke - kaha paihana organic. He tauira o te momo pathogenic o Clostridia ko nga āpiha fakatupu o botulism, kikohangatia, timu.

hanganga spore i roto i huakita

puta tenei tukanga i roto i te huakita, no te kore e nui te kaha, rangi nohonga maroke i roto i ngā rahinga nui i roto i ngā hua pūkoro reira kino, koi rerekē i roto i te pāmahana puta. I roto i te poto: sporulation - he tikanga e whakarite ora kitakita i raro i ngā āhuatanga kino. ngā WHAKARĀPOPOTOTANGA spore hanganga i roto i te meka e heke mahi koiora, me te heke te kaha o ngā tukanga pūkoro tinana.

сложный процесс. hanganga spore - he tukanga matatini. tīmata te cytoplasm ki te ngaro makuku, condenses reira me kua kohia i roto i te tinana o nga huakita. He te taupokina ai a reira ki te anga mātotoru i roto i te maha o ngā papa impermeable ki rerekē rongoā, me e te ahua o te hanganga hou o porohita, ovoid porotītaha ranei, i huaina nei ko te spore. I roto i te anga mātotoru iti pua pakeke o te DNA kōtuitanga e ki te iti. Kei te ngaro huakita pūtau Parent, ngaro te whaea he take tautohe.

Te ōrau o te anga i roto i te katoa taimaha o pua ko e rima tekau ōrau. длительный процесс, для завершения которого необходимо около двадцати часов. hanganga spore - he tukanga roa, e te mea e tika ana mo te whakaoti o e pā ana ki e rua tekau haora. Āhua kia noho te taua ke ranei pūtau. Tei te reira i runga i te mea te rahi ko te tautohe, me te wahi e kei reira. Ki te i roto i te waenganui - ka riro te pūtau rite te rēmana, he pahūtanga he muka ranei.

hanganga spore - he huringa i roto i te āhua pūtau rite te wā whakamutunga o te tukanga matatini. Hei tauira, puta te timu pua Bacillus hanganga i te mutunga o te pūtau, meinga e te reira i runga i te puka hou katoa, me te riro rite te drumstick.

huakita spore-hanga atu ātete ki te mīti, whakamaroke, roa ranei koropupu wā-poto, te rongo ki ngā matū. He vegetative momo o huakita hanganga me te sporulation. Tauira o te whakamutunga: āpiha fakatupu o mate pērā i Anthrax, botulism, timu me etahi tangata oneone hamupirau, e taea te kitea i roto i te whakawairakau.

germination

A, no te riro te anga ki tohenga taiao pai hoki ia, ka tīmata ia ki te pupuhi. tupu ana tēnei tukanga rite te roa rite kore te te anga ngaro rawa. I te wa ka haea te papanga anga te, i roto i tenei whare herehere taitamariki hihiko nui, me te ki te taiao o waho.

I roto i tenei tikanga, germinated te pua i roto i te huakita takohe. e kore e huakita anaerobic ngaro ratou kōpaki pūtau waho i roto i sporulation. Mai i te waho, e kore e te tautohe whakapā te reo, tona whakapā ki te membrane pūtau e wahi. A, no te reira he tikanga pai, whiwhi ngā matūkai ki te pūtau i roto i te take. Pua whakarau.

Huakita me te kai

Sporulation Ko huakita houhou i roto i te tukatuka me te rokiroki o ngā hua motuhake. Ki te tango i tenei tukanga, ki te whawhai moroiti ka kia uaua. Hoki te whakangaromanga o pua i roto i ngā kai kēne, hei tauira, Me ki kia oneone, i te mea nui raro tona kounga te hua. Hei tiaki te waiu tūturu, kua oneone reira, a ka arata'i tenei ki te mate o te āhuatanga tuatahi, me te huaora A. ki mōhio: ko te pāmahana whakawera i roto i sterilization - 120 nekehanga.

Pasteurization, ki te pupuri ngā matūkai mōrahi, he wera ki te 80-90 nekehanga i roto i te katoa waiu. Tenei pā te ora papa: taonga waiu hohoro, na e kore e nga pua mate i roto i pasteurization, engari ki runga ki te anga ke, i te pāmahana rūma, e tipuria ana ratou, ka timata ki te tini tere, no te mea o te mea me hua pahuatia.