Friedrich Schiller: biography, auaha, whakaaro

Works o Friedrich Schiller i te pera-ka karanga era o "Sturm und Drang" - ahunga i roto i te tuhinga o Germany, hoki i āhuatanga e te makanga o Classicism me te whakawhitinga ki Romanticism. hipokina ana e ia e pā ana ki e rua tekau tau: tau 1760-1780. I tohua te reira e te whakaputanga o nga mahi o taua kaituhi rongonui rite Iogann Gete, Christian Schubart me ētahi atu.

haurongo Poto o te kaituhi

Duchy o Wurttemberg, i i whanau Friedrich Schiller, i tū i runga i te rohe o te Tapu Patireia o Roma. whanau te rohi pehe i roto i te 1759 i roto i te hapu o manene i te akomanga o raro. Ko tona papa he kaiāwhina hoia hauora, me tona whaea - te tamahine o te kaihanga taro. Heoi, riro te tangata taitama he mātauranga pai: ako ia i te Military Academy, te wahi ako ia ture, me te whaiwhakaaro ana, a ka, i muri i te whakawhitinga o ngā kura i roto i Stuttgart, ka mau ake rongoā.

I muri atamira tona tākaro manohi tuatahi "nga kaipahua," i whakahekea te kaituhi taitamariki i tona duchy Māori, me te nuinga o tona ora i roto i Weimar. Friedrich Schiller ko te hoa o Goethe me tae noa whakataetae ki a ia i roto i te tuhi patere. Writer aroha o te kaupapa, hītori me te whiti. Ko ia he ahorangi o te hītori ao i te Whare Wānanga o Jena, i raro i te mana o Emanuera Kant tuhituhi mahi taumauri, rave i roto i te whakaputa, te whakaputa makasini "Ora", "Almanac o nga Muses." ka mate kaitito i Weimar i 1805.

Ko te tākaro "nga kaipahua" me te angitu tuatahi

I roto i te wā i raro i te arotake i roto i te tamarikitanga i tino hira te huru whaiāipo, e te hoki kawea atu ko Friedrich Schiller. Ko te ariā matua tohu poto tona mahi ko te whai ake: te pathos o haere noa, fakaangá o te runga te hapori, kāhui, hanahana me te aumauiui mo te hunga e, hoki mea katoa take, i paopao e tenei hapori.

ka kaituhi Famous i muri i atamira tona whakaari "te kaipahua" i roto i te 1781. rerekē tēnei tākaro puai whaiāipo ahua kuware, me te nunui, engari hinga ia i roto i te aroha ki te pūtirotiro koi wahi hihiri me te wera o te riri. Ko te pūtake o te hanganga , ko te kaupapa o te pakanga i waenganui i nga teina e rua, Karl ko Franz Moor. rapu nanakia Franz ki pahuatia tona wahi teina, kainga, me te aroha - Kuzinu Amaliyu.

arata'i taua tia ore Charles ki te haere ki te kaipahua, engari i te wa ano te whakahaere ia ki te mau tonu tona rangatiratanga, me te honore rangatira. Ko te hua ko te angitu nui, Heoi, kawea te kaituhi i roto i te he: no te mea o ngaro kāore, i whiua ia, a muri peia i tona duchy Māori.

1780s Drama

"Ue'i angitu kaipahua 'te kaitito taitamariki ki te hanga i te maha o nga mahi pai-mohiotia e kua riro Talafungani o tuhinga ao. I te 1783 ka tuhituhi ia te tākaro "hinana ko Love", "te whakatakotoria o Fiesco i Genoa" i roto i te 1785 - "Ode ki Joy". I roto i tenei raupapa, kia motuhia reira i roto i tuhinga roa "hinana ko Love", i huaina nei ko te "ati bourgeois" tuatahi, pera i te reira i te wa tuatahi te ahanoa kaituhi o whakapakoko toi e kore e raruraru rangatira pai, me te mamae o te kotiro ohie o te take mai haehaa. whakaaro "Ode ki Joy" te tetahi o nga mahi pai o te kaituhi, e whakaaturia nei ia e kore noa he kaituhi nui, engari ano hoki he punake ngingila.

Whakaari o nga 1790

Friedrich Schiller aroha o hītori, i roto i nei tuhituhi te kaupapa he maha o ana ngaahi tulama. I te 1796 i hanga e ia te tākaro "Wallenstein", whakatapua ki te rangatira o te toru tekau Tau War (1618-1648 tau). I te 1800 ka tuhituhi ia te whakaari "Maria Stuart", e nui haere ana i te mau hītori, hanga i te ahanoa o māngai toi o te pakanga i waenganui i tāwhai wahine e rua. Tenei meka, Heoi, kihai i haape i te maitai o te whakaari tuhituhi.

I roto i te 1804 tuhituhi Friedrich Schiller te tākaro "William atu ki", whakatapua ki te pakanga o te iwi Swiss ki ture Austria. î tēnei mahi te ki te pathos o haere noa, me te mana motuhake i ko na huru o māngai auahatanga o te "Sturm und Drang". I te tau 1805 ka timata te kaituhi mahi i runga i te whakaari "ko Rimitiriua te", oti rawa ki nga ngā o hītori Russian, engari tonu te tākaro oti.

Uara hanga toi Schiller

Plays te kaituhi i te mana nui i runga i te ahurea ao. He aha tuhituhi Friedrich Schiller, ko reira te tumu parau o te moni o te rohi pehe Russian V. Zhukovsky, Lermontov, e whakamaoritia ana patere. mahi Plays kaitito rite te pūtake mo te hanganga o opera nui o nga kaitito ārahi Itāriana o te rau tau XIX. Beethoven wahi whakamutunga o tona rongonui iwa Symphony hoatu i runga i te "Ode ki Joy" e Schiller. I roto i te 1829, hanga Rossini te opera "William atu ki", e hāngai ana i runga i tona whakaari; whakaaro tenei mahi e tetahi o nga mahi pai o te kaitito.

I roto i te 1835 i tuhituhi G. G. Donitsetti he opera "Mariya Styuart", kua tomo ki te raupapa o ana tito waiata, whakatapua ki te hītori o Ingarangi XVI rau. I te tau 1849 i hanga G. D. Verdi te opera "Luisa Miller" e hāngai ana i runga i te whakaari "Love me hinana". kore kua Opera riro nui rongonui, engari kua undoubted kaiaka waiata. Ko te kupu, Ko nui te mana o Schiller i te ahurea ao, a ka whakamārama te moni i roto i tona mahi, a i roto i to tatou ra tenei.