Buddhism i roto i Russia. Ko nga iwi o Russia, e whakaae ana Buddhism

Ko te tino kanorau wāhi Religious o te Russian Federation. Noho i te wāhi tino nui, me te whakakotahi ki raro i tona mana tōrangapū o te nui iwi maha, me ngā rōpū iwi, te whenua ko te wāhi kei reira e tuku iho rerekē me haapaoraa o te rawhiti me te hauauru, ki te raki, me te tonga. Karaitiana ko Ihirama - te rua akonoanga ao, noa i roto i to tatou ahua. Fakataha ki a ratou, me te tuatoru te māngai, whakaaetia ana e te e nga iwi maha o Russia - Buddhism. Mō te wahi he lahi i roto i to tatou whenua tenei karakia, a ka kōrero tatou atu.

Buddhism i roto i Russia

Buddhism - he karakia ahurei, e kore faaauhia i te tahi. Roto te ngā kura Putihi me ngā ano rerekē nui. Kei te takoto tōna takenga ki poto fakalotu o India, i roto i tona Māori ngaro Buddhism tona taimaha. I teie mahana, te whenua tuku iho e whakaae ana Buddhism, ko Korea, Japan, China, Nepal, me etahi, i roto i nei tu i roto i Tibet. Ki te rā, māngai Buddhism i Russia te i roto i tata katoa te faaroo Putihi nui. I roto ia ratou, i reira he kura rerekē o Mahayana, Vajrayana, Theravada, Zen, Chan me maha atu feohi rawa tuku iho, me te kore. Heoi, ko te nuinga o te iwi mahi Buddhism i Russia, he piri o iho fakalotu Tibet.

Ka hia kē Russian Putihi

whakahere tatou ki te whakahoki kupu i te pātai: he aha iwi Russian Putihi tenei ra?

Nā ki ngā tōrangapū me hoapā Intercultural, ka mau tuatahi Buddhism pakiaka i roto i nga Kalmyks me Tuvan. ¶ Na i roto i te rau tau XVI, ka ko te rohe o enei lepupilika me nga iwi e nohoia ratou i te mau melo o te kāwanatanga Mongolian Altan Khan. He rau tau i muri mai, i whakaurua Buddhism ki Buryatia, te wahi pai whakataetae ia ki te karakia tuku iho o nga iwi mohoao Siberian - shamanism, ranei te kore tengrizmom.

Buddhism i Buryatia

Buryatia - Republic o Russia nei rohe tīmata i te taha rāwhiti o te moana o Baikal. He piri ki te Russian Empire, ko reira ātete ki Russification me Christianization karohia. I te tahi atu te ringa, te ahurea, arumoni, me te tōrangapū hononga tata ki Mongolia, a roto i taua mea ki Tibet, hanga rongonui i roto i te mau haapiiraa Buryat Putihi. Ko te datsans kohatu tuatahi i hanga konei i roto i te rau tau XVIII.

Ahakoa i roto i Putihi Buryats iwi - te muri, e ka mau te haapa'oraa, i tenei ra tohu ratou te nuinga Putihi me tohu Buddhism i Russia. Buryatia Ko te pokapū whakahaere o Russian Buddhism - Putihi Traditional Sangha o Russia, me te te whare matua, me nga wahi o koropiko. Tuatahi i roto i enei ko Ivilginski temepara - te noho o Bandido Hambo Lama - te rangatira wairua o te wahi nui o Russian Buddhists.

Te taha ki Buddhism, i roto i te Buryat he tika noa ko te shamanism tuku iho, pera-ka karanga Chernaya Vera ranei.

Buddhism i Tuva

Tuva, he käwanatanga, i tangohia i roto i te Russian i te timatanga o te rau tau XX, ara i roto i 1911. Tuva tenei ra parau te taua ahua rite te ako e te Buryats - te iho Mahayana o Tibet Buddhism. Heoi, e kore i te reira tonu: te pokapū tuatahi o te whakaako Putihi, te nuinga i roto i te puka o Hinayana, i runga i te rohe o Tuva, puta i roto i te II rau BC, i roto i te Khanate Turkic. I muri iwi Tuvan nga Uighurs tukunga whenua faaho'i o Tuva Turki. whakaaetia ana e Uighurs te haapa'oraa Manichaean, Heoi, ite te mana o Buddhism. Whakawhanake i tuhituhia, ka anga pūkenga Ūkere ki iriti i kaha tuhinga Putihi i reo Hainamana me te Sogdian. Neke atu i te wa, e arotahi ana te kaiwhakamāori i runga i te Ngā tuhinga whakapae Tibet, i whakaritea te mana atu o Tibet iho. whakapakaritia tēnei au i roto i te rau tau XIII, te mana o ngā kaiako Mongolian nei tangohia iho Putihi o Tibet Lamas.

hanga nga monasteries tuatahi i roto i Tuva i 1772 me 1773, aua. Ahakoa te hapori Putihi o Tuva nuinga piri ki te raina o te Gelug, Ngae nga minita Monastic, ngā tikanga ā-rohe whakamana Lamas faaipoipo Institute, i te mea tona āhuatanga ahurei. Ka rite ki i roto i Buryatia, Tuva i runga i whenua fakalotu e wehea kia rua nga ropu - shamanists me Buddhists.

Buddhism i roto i Kalmykia

Kalmykia Ko te rohe Pākehā anake ki te predominance o te taupori Putihi. Te riroraa i te tuku Western iwi Mongolian Kalmyk tupuna haere hoki ki Oirats, kia uru atu nga mea ngaro o te haapa'oraa Putihi i roto i nga whakawhetai rau tau XIII ki te tomokanga ki te kingitanga o Genghis Khan. Heoi, i tenei wa, ko Buddhism anake te haapa'oraa o te Oirats whiriwhiri tōrangapū. Ko te popularization o te whakaako i roto i te taupori noa puta noa i roto i ngā rau tau XVI-XVII. Na, pera i roto i te take o Buryatia ko Tuva, mau ano hoki Kalmyk Buddhism te whakarerenga iho fakalotu Tibet. Rawa whakakaha tenei hononga i waenganui i Tibet me Kalmykia i muri i te āhukahuka i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau XVII Oirat tamaiti tupu o te Tuatoru Dalai Lama.

Ko te horapa o Buddhism roto Oirats whakahaerehia e te whakatūnga o te Kalmyk iwi motuhake. Ko te hanganga o te whakamutunga ngā iwi Oirat, awhi Buddhism me noho ki te hauauru i roto i te āhua Russian. I te wa ano, i raro ki te Hiha Russian, i hanga Kalmyks ona ake whakahaere - Kalmyk Khanate. Roa te whakamutunga tae noa ki 1771, ka te tikanga o Empress Catherine II, i whakakorea. I roto i te heke mai, whakawhanakehia te Kalmyk Buddhism, riro āhuatanga motu, me te, rite arahina te Buryat me Tuva Sangha he pakanga fakalotu ki shamanism.

Buddhism i roto i te USSR

I muri i te Oketopa Revolution o Buddhism i Russia i ngohengohe ki nga ngā fakalaumālie ka-huatau - renovationism. tikanga Synthesis o Dharma me Marxism i ki whakariterite i te hapori Putihi. Hei wāhanga o tenei kaupapa i roto i Moscou i te 20-doma. Ahakoa puritia te katoa-Russian Putihi Kaunihera. Otiia ka puta ke kaupapa o te rōpū, me te i roto i te pā ana ki ngā rōpū fakalotu timata tāmitanga papatipu. i kati monasteries, huna mau hiero me nga minita whakatoia. Tae noa te pou-whawhai "koero" nga iwi o Russia, e whakaae ana Buddhism, ngaro matou neke atu i te 150 monasteries. I roto i te Buryatia i 15,000 Lamas e 1948 noho i te iti rawa 600 iwi. Ki te whakaaro ki Tuva ko Kalmykia, na e rua rohe, i reira i anake he torutoru tatini morehu o minita i 8000.

Ko nga iwi o Russia e mahi Buddhism tenei ra

I mua Perestroika Putihi tinana tuitui nga mahi o ngā rōpū Putihi, ko CBB te Soviet Union (Central Whakahaere pae varua o te Buddhists o te USSR). I roto i te tīmatanga o nga 90 i whakaingoatia ai te CBB Russia. Na huaina tenei tinana ko te Buddhist Traditional Sangha o Russia, me ngā i roto i tona mema te hapori Putihi o Buryatia. hononga Religious Tuva me Kalmykia noho motuhake. Heoi, te mana BTSR i Buryatia me ki waho ia ite e kore te katoa. Ka rite ki te hua o ngā rerekētanga tōrangapū, me te wä kua pehia Putihi Society he raupapa o vaevae, me te haunga nga feohi matua he maha ngā rōpū motuhake, me te hapori motuhake.

I roto i tetahi take, kua māngai Buddhism i Russia, pera i mua, i te rohe nui e toru - Buryatia, Tuva ko Kalmykia.

Ētahi atu hapori Putihi i roto i Russia

e kore e kaipikau anake o te ahurea me te tuku iho Putihi Traditional Iwi o Russia, Buddhists tenei ra. Aita i maoro a'e, popularized nui he karakia i roto i te taitamarikitanga, me te intelligentsia. I roto i te pa nui tonu ki te whakatuwhera i ngā pokapū fakalotu. I roto ia ratou, i roto i te tua ki ngā kura tuku iho o Tibet Buddhism, i reira he tari o te Korean, Chinese, me te Japanese Zen Buddhism, Theravada ko Dzogchen. Russia i roto i nga tau torutoru mua, tae mai ngā kaiako fakalaumālie tokomaha. I roto i te tahuri, ko matou compatriots hoki nga māngai o te kuraina Putihi me minita.

mutunga

e kore te mea ahurei Fashion o Buddhism i Russia, a i roto i tenei tikanga, to matou whenua faaite te āhuareka Pākehā noa o te Te Tai Rāwhiti. E mea pinepine, hoko i roto i te rahinga, ngaro buddofiliya kāinga i roto i te kounga, i te mea wehe ki te mata horapa, kē haurokuroku o Buddhism i Russia.

I te wa ano, Buddhism - he karakia i roto i Russia he rite tuku iho rite Karaitiana me Ihirama. Na reira, i ona mana me ngā tirohanga heke mai o te faufaa nui mo te whanaketanga angitu o te tikanga Russian.