Biological Organization

Wildlife Ko te katoa, engari rawa pūnaha heterogeneous, hoki i te mea huru o te whakahaere ki te nahanaha mārama. Ko tenei taonga, me te whakaata i te pera-ka karanga taumata o te whakahaere o te ora. I roto i tenei pūnaha, katoa o te mārama whakaritea, timata i te raro ki te tikanga teitei.

Koiora Organization - he pūnaha aroākapa e whakahau kaimahi e whakaatu te āhua e kore anake o ngā pūnaha koiora, engari ano hoki ratou pōauautanga äta i roto i te pā ana ki tahi i te tahi. faaoti teie mahana ki te tohatoha waru taumata matua

I tua atu, i reira ko nga whakahaere e whai ake nei o te pūnaha:

1. Micro - he tetahi wā doorganizmennaya e ngā taumata rāpoi, me te subcellular.

2. Mezosistema - ko te, taumata organismic muri. Ko ētahi o ēnei pūtau, kikokiko, okana, pūnaha, me ngā taumata kaiao o whakahaere o te ora.

He hoki tonotono e kėia plurality Superorganismal o ngā taumata.

Me mahara hoki käore te reira e kua ona ake āhuatanga, ka e kia kōrero i raro ia taumata.

Doorganizmennye Koiora Organization

He te manakohia ki te tohatoha e rua taahiraa tumu:

1. rāpoi koiora Organization - tohu te taumata o te mahi me te whakahaere o macromolecules koiora, tae atu ki ngā pūmua, waikawa karihi, lipids me polysaccharides. Tenei tīmata te tukanga tino nui o te ora o tetahi kaiao - respiration pūtau, huringa pūngao me te tuku o te mōhiohio ā-ira.

2. taumata Subcellular - konei ngā te whakahaere o nga organelles pūtau, ia o nei mahi he wāhi nui i roto i te pūtau ora.

Organismic Koiora Organization

Tenei rōpū ngā nga pūnaha e whakarite te tapatahi o te tinana katoa. whakaritea e te reira ki te tohatoha i te whai ake:

1. Pūkoro Biological Organization. Ko te kahore he mea ngaro e te pūtau ko te wae hanganga o tetahi rauropi ora. ako ana tēnei taumata e whakamahi cytological, cytochemical, cytogenetic me tikanga microbiological.

2. taumata kikokiko. Here kia utua te arotahi ki te hanganga, ngā āhuatanga, me te mahi o nga momo rerekē o te kikokiko, o nei, i roto i te meka, ngā o tinana. Ko te ako o enei hanganga wāhi i roto i te histology me histochemistry.

3. Organ taumata. kaiao Multicellular Kei te āhuatanga e te taumata hou o te whakahaere. Here te tahi ngā rōpū o papanga e ngā, hanga he hanganga pipiri ki ngā mahi motuhake. Ia okana he wahi o te rauropi ora, engari e kore e taea te tīariari takitahi waho o reira. Tenei taumata o te ako taua sciences rite whaiaroaro, tinana me te Embryology i roto i te tahi mau mehua.

taumata Organismal tohu e rua ngā rauropi me te multicellular. I muri i te katoa, nga tinana ko te pūnaha integrated roto i kawea nga tukanga mahu'inga katoa o te ora. I tua atu, kua riro ratou ki pūkete me te tukanga o te kikiritanga, te whanaketanga me te tupu, me te te hoholo o te rauropi takitahi. tenei taumata ako e te pūtaiao o Pātukitukinga, Embryology, iranga, anatomy, paleontology.

Supraorganismal Koiora Organization

Tenei e tangohia ki pūkete e kore rauropi, me o ratou wahi hanganga me te tetahi huinga o mea ora.

1. Taupori-motuhake taumata. Ko te kōwae taketake konei ko te taupori - he huinga o rauropi he momo ngā e nohoia rohe pai-tautuhi. E nehenehe o te interbreeding noa ki tetahi ki tetahi mau taata katoa. whai wāhi te ako i tenei taumata o te pūtaiao pērā i tātai hono, rauropi, iranga taupori, biogeography, taxonomy.

taumata 2. Ecosystem - kua tangohia ki pūkete nga hapori tauwhiro o ngā taupori rerekē, kei te tata hono te oraraa o nei, me te ti'aturi i runga i te āhua popohe, ngā āhuatanga huarere, me ētahi atu roto i te whānui, i te ako o te taumata o te whakahaere whai wāhi i roto i te mātauranga rauropi ..

3. taumata Kōhaumataora - ko te ahua teitei o te whakahaere o te ora, i te mea he huinga ao o biogeocenosis ao katoa.