Atelectasis - he aha te mea tenei? Tātaritanga, maimoatanga me te waitohunga

Atelectasis - he aha te mea tenei? Ko te whakahoki ki tenei take hauora e mohiotia anake ki te hunga mohio. Ko hoki ki reira te whakatau e kore koe e hiahia ana i te tākuta. Taipitopito o atelectasis, ka taea e koe te ako i te rauemi o te tuhinga.

Ko te whakamāramatanga

Atelectasis - he huru pathological āhuatanga nei i te mate o te airiness marama katoa te wāhi motuhake ranei. wā i Tirohia He takenga Kariki. Iritihia ki Russian, te auraa "rahua" ranei "papanga totoro pahara."

take o

Atelectasis - he hekenga o te wāhanga pūkahukahu. Ki te whakawhanake i taua kia hua te huru pathological i roto i te maha o ngā āhuatanga. whakarārangi tatou i te hunga matua tika inaianei:

• Nui haere mānukanuka mata kitea i runga i nga taiepa o te alveoli. Tikanga, meinga tenei māuiuitanga e edema pūkahukahu takenga noncardiogenic cardiogenic ranei, me te te kore o te surfactant tukanga hopuhopu ranei.
• Kōpeketanga o nga Airways pūkahukahu ranei, meinga nei e ngā āhuatanga o waho (hei tauira, puku mediastinal, he Pākatokato i te whanaketanga o oko nui toto, lymphadenopathy, hypertrophy myocardial , me ētahi atu).
• mucosa māuiuitanga (roto) taiepa o te ngōrahi (hei tauira bronhomalyatsiya, deformation, huamo ranei edema).
• Arai occlusion o te lumen o te edema mucosal pera-ka karanga tinana ke arahau, hūpē, papatipu caseous (hei tauira, kohi), me ranei.
• Maumaui o te haerenga tūturu o te pouaka, e whakatika e tika ana ki te pāpāngia o te karere phrenic, rehunga whānui, scoliosis ranei mate uauaio.
• Te whakanui ake i te pēhanga ā-i roto i te kōhao pleural (tae atu i te hemothorax, hydrothorax, empyema, pneumothorax).

Ka taea e tonu te aha puta atelectasis? Ko te take o tenei huru maha piri i roto i whakapeka tiango nui o te pūkahukahu, e whakatika rite te pōauautanga postoperative tika ki immobility roa o te manawanui, te hāora tuwhena rawa, hauhauaitu, te tono o pota tiketike o sedatives me opioids, me te āpiha vasodilating.

āhuatanga mōrearea

Ko wai te tino maha kitea atelectasis? kitea ana tēnei mate i roto i te iwi ki te mōmona, kakakīrehe whēwhē, me te huangō. Hoki te reira hikareti i haria.

whakarōpū

Na roto i te takenga atelectasis o pūkahukahu taupa taea e congenital (arā, tuatahi) riro ranei (arā, tuarua).

I raro i te mate tuatahi auraa te kāwanatanga, ka he tamaiti hou he kahore whakaene ngāwari. Ko te atelectasis riro, i roto i tenei take ki reira spadenie pūkahukahu kiko, i i mua i whai wāhi i roto i te tukanga manawa.

E kore e taea e tatou te mea e kia kia fakafaikehekehe'i taua ari i te atelectasis prenatal, arā āhua whae o nga pūkahukahu, kitea nei i roto i te kukune, a whaiaroaro (arā, hypoventilation e puta i roto i te iwi te kore hauora, me te ko te ahua o te rahui mahi o te kiko pūkahukahu).

momo o mate

Tei runga i te nui o te pūkahukahu kikokiko e toro i te tukanga manawa, e tahuri iho te mate i roto i te pātai ki:

• acinar;
• segmental;
• lobular;
• katoa;
• tika.

Hoki, kia ai taua mea më unilateral ranei. Ratau, Ko tino mōrearea te ahua tuatahi me taea rawa ngāwari arahi ki te mate o te manawanui.

momo mate

Tei runga i te āhuatanga etiopathogenic o tenei māuiuitanga o te pūnaha pūkahukahu e wehea ki te momo e whai ake nei:

• atelectasis kōpeketanga, he tiango o te pūkahukahu ranei. meinga ana tēnei huru e kōpeketanga o te kiko pūkahukahu i te waho, me te haaputuraa i roto i te kōhao pleural o inu, rangi, toto pirau ranei.
• atelectasis taunutia. e pā ana tēnei āhuatanga i te te ofatiraa pūkaha o te pukorokoro me tukuna ai arahau.
• pūkahukahu atelectasis Discoid. te tikanga whanake taua māuiuitanga i muri contusion ãpoko rara ranei piere.
• Hukihuki - meinga e kōpeketanga o te kiko kaiota o te alveoli (i roto i te pūkahukahu subpleural).
• Acinar - e pā ana ki te kore o te surfactant (tino maha puta i roto i ngā pakeke me hou ki syndrome mamae romahā).

Me mahara hoki käore te reira e taea te whakaaro te mate te pūpū me te postoperative, a āta whakawhanake whakapeka, ngāwari, me te uaua, rangitahi, me te tamau.

tohu

Tei kaha pūkahukahu atelectasis whare hauora i runga i te rōrahi me te mau tere atu pukapuka nonfunctioning kiko. Mikroatelektazy, kotahi atelectasis segmental me syndrome srednedolevoy ko maha asymptomatic.

Ki te whakaaro ki te whakapeka-tīmatanga o te mate, kua reira tohu kino. I roto i tenei take, mana'o te manawanui he mamae ohorere, dyspnea paroxysmal, cyanosis, mare maroke, tachycardia me hypotension. I roto i te hua koi kia puta kore romahā ara mate.

I whakamātautau o te manawanui whakakitea te backlog o te taupa i pangia o te pūkahukahu i roto i manawa, me te raro pouaka ara romahā. I tua atu, i runga i te atelectasis ahi takoto tangi percussion puhuki poroa ranei. I te manawa ano koi attenuated (e kore e taea te rongo).

fifi o te atelectasis

Ki te āta wāhanga whakaweto pūkahukahu ventilation o tohu o te mate e whakahuatia ki te whānuitanga iti. Otiia i roto i te kakā atelektaticheskaya muri whakawhanake i roto i te gipopnevmatoza.

Ko te ahua o te mare ki te sputum, kirika, me tohu hua o te korero haurangi e pā ana ki rironga o mumura. I roto i tenei take, faingataa te mate i roto i te pātai e te whanaketanga o te pūkahukahu whēwhē whēwhē kakā ranei.

tātaringa

Tātaritanga o te pūkahukahu atelectasis kawea atu e X-ray whakamātautau o te okana romahā i roto i te ngä lateral me frontal. heheu tenei he mara mohimohiraa pūkahukahu ōrite me te mediastinum wāhikē ki te hautanga Nā o te tukanga manawa. I tua atu, tohua te X-ray te tūranga tiketike o te kikorangi HWM nui haere rangi pukapuka.

I roto i te wā o te feaa, tenei tikanga o te ako i tohua e te CT. Hoki, ki te whakatau i nga take o taunutia whakamahi atelectasis bronchoscopy me i roto i auroa angiopulmonography atelectasis hua me te bronhografii.

maimoatanga

titau Haurapa o pūkahukahu atelectasis te tākuta (pulmonologist, neonatology, whētuki ranei taote rei) tātai kaha. whanau Just pēpi ki atelectasis pūkahukahu tuatahi hua suctioning nga tirotiro o te pūnaha romahā roto i te pū tōngāmimi rapa. Ki te hiahiatia, te kawe i roto i tracheal intubation me whakaene tana pukapuka.

I roto i tenei momo o mate pērā i atelectasis taunutia e i meinga e te tinana ke, kawea ona tangohanga i roto i te bronchoscopy tātaritanga hauora.

Ki te meinga pūkahukahu spadenie i te taha o te haaputuputuraa o te ngaro pakeke, ka noho i te whakariterite anō endoscopic o te rakau arahau.

I roto i te tikanga ki te hiki i atelectasis postoperative kawea tracheal aspirate, mahi manawa, mirimiri pouaka percussion, waikeri postural, me te inhalation ki paru me te bronchodilator taero.

E kore e taea e tatou te mea e i atelectasis katoa o te take mai i raro ki te whakatinanatanga whakahauanga o ārai therapy anti-inflammatory.

outlook

Success i roto i te marama whakawhānui tei runga i te wā o te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga me te ai o te atelectasis. A, no te he pai te whakakorenga oti o te muri i roto i te ra tuatahi e toru o te matapae i roto i te faatura o te whakaora pae okana romahā.

A, no te kore e taea e take kino tutakina te whanaketanga o ngā rerekētanga tuarua i roto i te moe tiri. Tere tipu a kia hua atelectasis nui i roto i te mate.