Wai moana

UN Taumira whakaurua ā-tau te Day Water World, whakanuia nei i roto i nga whenua rerekē i runga i 22 Maehe. I tenei ra mahi, te whāinga o te whakaū me te whanaketanga o te rauemi wai e kua kei roto i awa, ngā roto, awa, rokiroki, moana, me ngā moana, puna raro rite te houku oneone, te huka neke me te maunga ranei kohu i roto i te huru. rauemi katoa ngā mata, me ngā puna raro, me te kia whakamahia ai te whakamahi mō te hiahia te tangata ranei. Ko te katoa rōrahi o (wai, haurehu waihā totoka ranei) i runga i te whenua, ko te 1.39 piriona mita pūtoru, a anake iti iho i te 3% o nga rauemi katoa e tika ana i runga i kai hou.

I roto i te moana, me moana e te nui nui o te wai (e pā ana ki 98%) o te puna mata. Matū rerekē reira i runga i te wāhi me te wā o te tau rānei. wai Moana kei katote rewa nui atu atu ahua o hou tetahi. Hoki, i roto i te ōwehenga rerekē koi o matū rewa i roto i reira. Hei tauira, i roto i nga moana, me ngā moana i roto āhua 2.8 wa atu warorua atu i roto i nga awa, Heoi ko nui raro (0.14%) atu i roto i ngā mātāpuna awa (48%) te ōwehenga niho kauoro o ratou i roto i te pā ana ki te katote memeha katoa. Ko e tika ana ki te wa noho rerekē o solutes tenei. E rewa katote konutai me te māota, i Nā konupūmā te rite pākawa waro. I runga i te ihirangi o te katote tino noa i roto i te kotahi manokaramu o te wai moana e whai ake nei:

• chloro (0.546 kiore);
• te konutai (0.469 kiore);
• konupora (0.0528 mol);
• pūkawa ngāwha (0.0282 kiore);
• konupūmā (0.0103 kiore);
• pāhare pāporo (0.0102 mol).

Ko tētahi o nga tohu tino nui, āhuatanga nei i te wai moana - ko reira tote. Kei te whanganga te reira i roto i ia mille (‰) me he rerekē hoki te moana katoa me ngā moana. Ko te uara toharite o te salinity o 35 ‰, i.e. 1 rita i roto i te otinga ko te 35 go o Mariao, te nuinga konutai pūhaumāota. Ki te salinity toharite o te hanganga pūmotu o te wai e whai ake:

• hāora, 85,84%;
• H 10,82%;
• haumāota 1,94%;
• 1,1292% konupora;
• Konutai 1.08%;
• whanariki 0,091%;
• 0.04% konupūmā;
• Pāhare pāporo 0.04%;
• 0,0067% pūkeha;
• 0,0028% waro.

Tapoihia i te mata i te 25 ° C he kiato toharite o 1,025 g / cm3 - he nui atu i o parakore nei kiato i 25C he rite ki te 1,003 g / cm3. Kiato - he rahinga tinana he whakawhirinaki tika i runga i te kukū tote me te kōaro o te pāmahana. Ko te atu rewa Mariao o te kiato teitei. Ko te raro te pāmahana o te wai moana, te nui te kiato. Ko te pāmahana i te teitei 3,52S kiato tango mō te moana me te 3,98S me parakore. Otiia kahore e rerekē ēnei uara anake i pūtake ki pūtake, engari whakawhirinaki ano hoki i runga i te hohonu i nei e whanganga ratou. I rire nui taea te kiato tae uara o 1,050 g / cm3 noa teitei ranei. Te huri i te hanganga kounga, me te ine rite te mārama kitea i runga i te uara pH, e rerekē i roto i 7,5-8,4 (reo ngonge kawakore), a e tika ana ki te āhua o ngā katote rewa me ratou kukū. I teitei pH mata atu i te hohonu. kia whai kūpapa paku ranei waikawa tētahi taiao wāhi freshened. Kei te kitea tonu te uara pH teitei (kukū i raro o ngā katote hauwai) i te mata moana.

Ko te pāmahana mīti o te wai moana heke ki te whakanui ake salinity (kukū o tai rewa). Ki te salinity toharite paari te reira i te pāmahana i roto i te 2c tango. I roto i te 2010, i tuhia ai i roto i te aamu o te pāmahana i raro i roto i te awa i raro i kōpaka Antarctic ka whanganga, haunga te 2,6S. He atu āhuatanga e whakaatu te rerekētanga i waenganui i te puna me ratou rerekētanga i runga i ētahi atu tawhā rānei. Hei tauira, te tere o te oro i 0C. haere te reira i roto i te taiao moana mō te 1 te rua 1450 m, a i roto i te ma -. e 1407 wai Moana m i te 25C he pokey hihiri o 9,02 millipuaza. Ki te taiao ma, te taua āhuatanga i te taua pāmahana ōrite 8,09 millipuaza.

wai Moana whakamahia mō te inu no o te kukū tiketike o Mariao kohuke. A, no te Me ki te inu i te rota inu ma atu ki te kawe riro katoa tona tote i te tinana tona whakamahi. Reira inu anake wai hou, ka rewa ki reira kaua e nui ake 0,001 g / Mariao cm3. Nā ki tona tāutanga hanga hē, me te whakamahi i ngā tikanga motuhake mō te whakaiti i te kukū tote. Ko ētahi o ēnei mīti, Māturu,-iahiko, utu katote, whakamuri rerewai, wehenga (wehenga hydrodynamic). Hei tauira, i hanga i roto i katatānga, Aktau (e mohiotia ana ko Shevchenko mua) i roto i te tau 1972, ka mahi hoki tata 30 tau, anake te tipu o te ao te mana karihi mō te desalination wai.