Karaka arorangi. Arorangi haora - ko te nui o tenei?

Time - tetahi o nga kāwai uaua-ki-matau te nuinga i roto i te rapunga whakaaro me te ahupūngao. Ko te huarahi māmā ki te tautuhi i te reira rite te huru e tika ana mo te taea o tetahi huringa. e kē te iwi i te ata o tona hītori, ka mohiotia e matou te hiahia ki te hopoia whakatau i te akoranga o te wā. Tuatahi, whanganga tatou atu he wā nui nui: tau, marama, ra. Tulutā ki he tulutā, iwi mawhiti pānui o sunrise, me te ahiahi, i nga taima te huri, ratou ake hoholo. Ina e whakakitea te hiahia ki te tautuhi nui ake i te wā poto. He haora, meneti, hēkona. Ki te whīwhiwhi te whakanui ake o te mahi a te tangata, me te pai ake tikanga o te wā whanganga. timata ia āputa ki te whiwhi i te uara tika atu. Tetahi hēkona ngota, me te Rangitahi, arorangi haora ( "Ko te nui o tenei?" -. Ui koe whakahoki raro). I teie mahana, to tatou arotahi ko haora, te tino whakamahia nuitia i roto i te wae rā te ora o te wā, me te mataaratanga, kahore nei he uaua ki te whakaaro i te ao hou.

He hītori iti

Ko reira ohie ki te kite i taua vremyaischislenie faufaa rerekē i te ara o te tango pūkete tenei ra. Kei te hāngai te reira i runga i te pūnaha duodecimal, i whakamahia e te Sumerians i roto i nga wa onamata. Ko te wehenga o haora ki meneti, me he ona pakiaka hohonu ki te wa. Kei te hāngai te reira i runga i te sexagesimal pūnaha tau, ano whakaaro i roto i te raorao o te Hirekere me Uparati.

Wehe i te ra tuatahi hoki 24 haora ka Ihipiana. Na i Hour inā rerekē, i runga i te wa kei a ahakoa no reira ki te po ra ranei. wehea Ihipiana a Papurona te ra ki e rua nga wahi e rite ana. Ra, me te po, e ko pouri me te awatea, ngā 12 haora. Nä, ko te roa o te haora rerekē i roto i ia hawhe, i runga i te wa kei.

tīariari pūnaha rite i roto i te Kariki me Roma. I roto i te anotau Middle i Europa i wehea e ngā ratonga hahi ra.

Ko te wā "haora" pionie te whakamahi o nga Kariki. Kei te rongoa te roa tāupe o ngā āputa wā i roto i te ao roa nui. I roto i to tatou whenua, i roto i te rau tau XVI-XVII ko tonu te roanga o te haora, engari rerekē te maha o ngā hāora i roto i te ra, me te po i runga i te wa. I roto i Russia, he rite te wa ruri ki timata Europa i muri i 1722.

Arorangi haora - ko te nui o tenei?

Kei te maha te "haora" kupu e whakamahia ana ki te tautapa i rerekē wā roanga o te wā tata ki te 60 meneti. Tangata katoa e matau he aha te mea te reira, hei tauira, iti ranei pou rāhui. Tohutoroa ki enei me ariā rite o wā wā e taea muri i te mua 60 meneti, paku iti paku atu ranei ranei tautapa i kahore āputa, me te wa motuhake o te ra, i muri i nei kia oti tetahi tukanga, me te tīmata i te tetahi hou.

He haora arorangi - he pēhea te maha meneti tenei? tohu ana tēnei wāhanga i te wā wa paerewa o te roanga whakaritea. Taua haora arorangi he 60 meneti, ranei 3,600 hēkona, a maha tuku ki noa rite "haora". E kore te mea tenei wae wa wāhanga o te pūnaha ngahuru hou SI (Pūnaha International o ngā waeine o inenga ā). Ko tētahi o nga take - e kore e no ki te ira i tenei ra mua haora. Heoi, kua whakamahia te reira whānui katoa i runga i te ao me ki te whakatamarikitanga o ngā waeine SI.

Kia pehea te roa o te mea he haapiiraa?

haora Academic me arorangi - ariā rerekē. Ko te wāhanga tuatahi tohu te wā wa i roto i nei te haapiiraa whakamutunga. rerekē tōna uara mō ngā rōpū rerekē o te tau. A, no te mahi tahi me ngā tamariki i roto i te kari o ngā kaiako whakapoto te roanga o te haora mātauranga ki te 20-30 meneti te tau i mua i te tuku i te reira te tahi mau taime e faarahi ki 40 meneti. I roto i ngā kura, ngaahi lēsoni he hoki 40-45 min, he rua i te whare wānanga - 90 min. Ko te take hoki enei rerekētanga - i roto i te kaha ki te aro. Ki te tau, e faarahi te reira. Ki te tomo koutou he piha kindergarten o 45 meneti, me i te kura - i 90, ka kia nui hoki te taimaha nga ākonga, me te taea whakauaua mahara me te ako i te rauemi i roto i te nui e hiahiatia ana.

Whanganga i nga meneti

i roto i to tatou wa feruriraa te tühonohono ki te huarahi e i kite matou i te reira rere. ko Watches i te wa ano, ka ite tuatahi te iwi i te hiahia ki te hopoia ine i te wā ra poto. Ko te rā tangohia o ratou tupu ko inaianei taea ki te mohio - na ko reira roa mua. Ko te kape tuatahi o te wa whanganga, te tuhituhi i te kaupapa o te ra puta noa i te rangi, a ka ki te awhina o te wai rere. Ano, ka rite ki te pūtake o haora whakamahia onepu me te ahi.

Ki te whakapai ake o te matauranga, me te whakapiki ake i te tere o te ora e hiahiatia ana whakaaro tika atu. Sand, ahi, me te wai karaka oti i a ka atu mātanga, ka i whakakapi ratou e mita wā aunoa.

Nihowhiti, te puna me te tautau

I kitea te tuatahi karaka pūkaha i runga i te moana e tata ana te motu o Antikythera. rā ratou hoki ki te 100 BC. He ahurei Antikythera karaka arorangi: to ratou he hanganga kaua matatini, me te whai kore analogs i te ahurea o te Kariki. Ko te tikanga kia rite ki te maha reconstructions whakahaeretia ngā o 32 nihowhiti. whakakitea te karaka ra neke, te kaupapa o te ra, me te marama. I runga i te waea e tohu ana i te tohu o te zodiac. Ko reira taea e i taea ki te whakatau i te kaupapa, me te rangi o Venus, Mars, Mercury ko Jupiter te hoahoa.

Karaka ki escapement tikanga tuatahi whakaurua i Haina i roto i te tau 725. I muri mai, i roto i te 1000, ka timata Germany ki te whakamahi i te tāwēwē. Karaka pourewa tuatahi i roto i Western Europe i hanga i roto i Vestmintere i 1288.

Tikanga ine te wā ka ake a atu tika. Ratou production hiahiatia nui pūkenga. I roto i nga Middle me te Renaissance i Europe he te ataahua tino Tūrongo me ture o te karaka arorangi e tenei ra admires te ao katoa.

He faahiahia i Lyon

Te karaka arorangi matamua mahi i roto i France whakapaipai i te Cathedral Saint-Jean (Lyon). i hanga e ratou i roto i te rau tau XIV, ngaro a ka whakahokia mai 1572 ki 1600, te whakapaipai ki te whakapaipai Baroque-kāhua i roto i 1655. I te tīmatanga, rite mataaratanga katoa o tenei wā, i rite rawa ratou ki tākaraka anake. tāuta waea Minute te anake i roto i te rau tau XVIII.

I tua atu ki te wa, titiro i te karaka arorangi o Lyon, tetahi e taea kitea i roto i te rā, te tūranga i roto i te rangi o te rua whetu matua, marama me te ra. E whakaatu ana hoki te tikanga ina hoki te pa i te whetu kānapanapa. I roto i te ra whiua haora e wha nga wa (12, 14, 15, 16 h.). I roto i te wahi o runga o te hanganga kei te raapoi, e e timata ki te neke i roto i waea.

Prague whakapehapeha

Kei arorangi karaka karaka arorangi te i runga i te pourewa Town Hall i Prague, rongonui katoa i runga i te ao. Ka taea te huaina whakaari ratou hītori. I whakaturia Orla neke atu i 600 matahiti i teie nei, i roto i 1402, roaa te iti i muri mai - i roto i te 1410-m. E whakaaro "matua" haora ki te waiho i te arorangi Jan Schindel me ariki Mikuláš o Kadan.

pa whare whakapaipai e rave rahi taime i ki kia hanga ana. I roto i te 1490, Hanus o Rouge hanga huringa ki te huarahi, a ka rite ki te kōrero, i fakakuihi e tikanga o te mana Prague ki te whakaturia ake e kore i taea te korerotia ano. I te wa ano whakapaipai te karaka i ki tau aua, ka rite rawa ki te kōpae maramataka.

Kua tangohia New huringa hoahoa nui wahi i roto i te tau 1865. Na ka tāpiri Yozef manęs Orloj maramataka waea ki ngaahi mētali whakapaipai ki whakapakoko tohu o nga marama, tohu o te zodiac. Te Golden Cockerel, puta i muri i puta te otinga o te kaupapa o tau i runga i te karaka i roto i te 1882.

Orloj tenei ra

Prague karaka patu mo tona ataahua e kore anake, engari ano hoki te virtuosity o te mahi o rangatira. E whakaatu ana Orloj Old Wahawaha, Papurona, te rangi, Itāriana me te, o te akoranga, te wa "tūturu". Hoki haora taea kite koe i te rā, te tūranga o te whenua, me nga tohu o te zodiac. mōhio ratou i te rawhiti me te ahiahi, te marama. Katoa haora, itiiti, whakarākai Orloj, timata ki te neke, kōrero ratou e pā ana ki i naia tangata, haamana'oraa o te mure ore.

Karaka Strasbourg Cathedral

Arorangi Clock Strasbourg Cathedral i te mutunga oti i roto i te tau 1857. Pumau tonu o ratou matua i roto i 1354 me 1574, aua. Ko te ahurei o haora - ratou kaha ki te tātai i te rā o te paahitia o hararei fakalotú, me te te huarahi e whakaatu ana i te precession o tuaka o te whenua. whakaoti te reira i te huringa ki tonu o neke atu i te 25 mano tau. E whakaatu ana Strasbourg karaka te wā rohe me te ra, āmionga o te whenua, te marama, me nga aorangi i Mercury ki Saturn.

e kore te mea he rārangi tino o masterpieces e whakapaipai pa ngā huri noa te ao tenei. Ahakoa arorangi 1 haora (te tetahi ano e he 60 meneti) e kore e hāngai ki te whakaahuatanga o te kōrero katoa me ngā whakaritenga o whakapaipai taua fakatupu ahuareka. Heoi, e kore te mea e tika ana tenei - taua masterpieces e whakatinana te hononga o te matauranga, pūkenga, tātai pāngarau me te faaururaa, he reira pai ki te kite i ki toku kanohi ake.